Nodal_signaling.jpg
Summary
Description Nodal signaling.jpg |
English:
Description of the Nodal signaling pathway.
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Date | |
Source | Own work |
Author | Sofia mr007 |
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Ectodermin, PPM1A, XFDR and Tgf1 negative regulate the pathway by competing with Smad components or transcription factors.
The protein expression levels of Nodal and Lefty are affected due to the activity of the miR-430 super-family.
The interaction of Nodal with BMPs (BMP3, BMP7), Lefty or with Cerberus in the outside of the cells affects its capability to bind to the receptors and reactivate the signal.
Once the protein is translated, it has to be processed in the extracellular space by Convertases (Furin and PACE4). Mature Nodal binds to the Activin receptors I and II and the co-rreceptor Cripto/Cryptic and phosphorilates Smad2 /3.
Phospho-Smad2 /3 form a complex with Smad4 and enter into the nucleus.
Dapper2 targets the Activin Receptor Type I for lysosomal degradation