Time brought fundamental changes to mankind’s relationship with the wilderness and animals. The traditional view of animals as consumable was joined by a much more complex appreciation of the place of other living things. The greatest impact was on harvest hunting; the ancient moral relationship with prey was revisited. As wasteful as some traditional hunting methods were, the technology to destroy entire populations of prey rarely existed. However, as a result of machine culture and the industrial-scale harvesting of varied prey by commercial agents, wildlife destruction was horrific in scale and magnitude. Whole communities of animals were nearly annihilated, but through the end of the 19th century increasingly powerful objections were raised to that extreme predation.