Hasandong_Formation

Hasandong Formation

Geologic formation in South Korea

The Hasandong Formation (Korean: 하산동층; Hanja: 霞山洞層; RR: Hasandong-cheung) is an Early Cretaceous (Aptian to Albian) geologic formation in South Korea. It has been dated to the late Aptian and earliest Albian, between 118.0 ± 2.6 Ma and 112.4 ± 1.3 Ma.^[1] Dinosaur remains have been discovered from this formation, though no genus is considered valid as of 2016.^[2] Other reptiles from the formation include the adocid turtle Proadocus and possibly the pterosaur Dsungaripterus.^[3]^[4]^[5]

Quick Facts Type, Unit of ...

Hasandong Formation
Stratigraphic range: Aptian-Albian ~118.0–112.4 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Type	Geological formation
Unit of	Shindong Group
Underlies	Jinju Formation
Overlies	Nakdong Formation
Thickness	1200 metres
Lithology
Primary	Mudstone
Other	Shale, sandstone
Location
Coordinates	35.1°N 128.0°E / 35.1; 128.0
Approximate paleocoordinates	41.3°N 128.1°E / 41.3; 128.1
Region	Gyeongsang Province
Country	South Korea
Hasandong Formation (South Korea)

Fossil content

Invertebrate fossils

Few fragments of insects have been discovered from the formation.^[6]

Molluscs

More information Molluscs reported from the Hasandong Formation, Genus ...

Molluscs reported from the Hasandong Formation^[5]
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Plicatounio	P. naktongensis
	P. okjuni
	P. yooni
Nagdongia	N. soni
Trigonioides	T. jaehoi
	T. kodairai
	T. tamurai
Brotiopsis	B. kobayashii
	B. naktongensis
	B. ryohoriensis
	B. wakinoensis
Viviparus^[7]	V. sp.				Architaenioglossan gastropod, probably V. keishoensis
Probaicalia	P. katoensis^[8]				Hydrobiidae gastropod; species previously assigned to the genus Micromelania

Ostracods

Ostracod carapaces have been discovered from the formation.^[6]

More information Ostracods reported from the Hasandong Formation, Genus ...

Ostracods reported from the Hasandong Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Cypridea	C. cf. trita^[9]^[10]

Vertebrate fossils

Actinopterygii

More information Ray-finned fish reported from the Hasandong Formation, Genus ...

Ray-finned fish reported from the Hasandong Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Sinamia^[11]	S. sp.			Partial Skeleton
Lepidotes^[6]	L. sp.			Partial Skeleton

Testudines

Shell fragments of testudines have been discovered.

More information Turtles reported from the Hasandong Formation, Genus ...

Turtles reported from the Hasandong Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Proadocus^[3]	P. hadongensis			Partial Skeleton	Adocid turtle

Crocodylomorpha

Several teeth remains have been reported but are not assigned to the specific clade.

More information Crocodylomorphs reported from the Hasandong Formation, Genus ...

Crocodylomorphs reported from the Hasandong Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
"Hadongsuchus"^[12]	"H. acerdentis"			Skull	nomen nudum

Pterosaurs

More information Pterosaurs reported from the Hasandong Formation, Genus ...

Pterosaurs reported from the Hasandong Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Pterodactyloidea^[13]^[14]^[15]	Indeterminate			Teeth and a partial second wing phalanx	Dental remains belong to either Boreopteridae or Anhanguerian
Dsungaripterus	D.? cf. D. weii^[4]^[5]			Incomplete wing phalanx belonging to Dsungaripteridae^[16]^[17]

Dinosaurs

Several indeterminate theropod teeth remains have been reported.^[18]

More information Dinosaurs reported from the Hasandong Formation, Genus ...

Dinosaurs reported from the Hasandong Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Carcharodontosauridae^[19]^[20]	Indeterminate			Teeth	Some dental remains show similarities with Acrocanthosaurus
Hadrosauroidea^[21]	Indeterminate			Tooth
Titanosauriformes^[22]^[23]^[24]	Indeterminate			A partial skeleton and several teeth showing different morphotypes	Includes Chiayusaurus lacustris and Pukyongosaurus milleniumi, both of which are nomen dubium
Tyrannosauroidea^[25]	Indeterminate			Tooth, estimated crown length ~18mm

Eggs

Unnamed dinosaur egg fossils have been reported.^[26]

More information Eggs reported from the Hasandong Formation, Genus ...

Eggs reported from the Hasandong Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Testudoolithus^[6]	T. aff. curiosa				Turtle eggs

Ichnofossils

Tracks of theropods, sauropods and ornithopods have been discovered from the formation.^[6]^[27]

More information Ichnofossils reported from the Hasandong Formation, Genus ...

Ichnofossils reported from the Hasandong Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Pteraichnus^[28]	P. koreanensis				Pterosaur tracks
Sauripes^[29]	S. hadongensis				The oldest lizard tracks showing bipedalism
Diplocraterion^[30]	D. luniforme
Beaconites	B. coronus^[27]
Circulichnus	C. montanus^[27]
Cochlichnus	C. anguineus^[27]
Chondrites	C. isp.^[27]
Helminthopsis	H. abeli & H. hieroglyphica^[27]
Laevicyclus	L. isp.^[27]
Planolites	P. annularius, P. beverleyensis & P. montanus^[27]
Skolithos	S. magnus, S. verticalis & S. isp.^[27]
Spirodesmos	S. isp.^[27]
Taenidium	T. barretti^[27]
Thalassinoides	T. paradoxicus & T. suevicus^[27]

Paleoflora

Consists of 6 genera and 9 species. The assemblage of plant fossils from the Hasandong represents the 'mixed' type of Tetori-type and Ryoseki-type flora.

More information Plants reported from the Hasandong Formation, Genus ...

Plants reported from the Hasandong Formation^[31]
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Brachyphyllum	B. japonicum				Araucariaceae conifer
Cladophlebis	C. denticulata
	C. (Eboracia?) lobifolia
	C. (Klukia?) koraiensis
	C. shinshuensis
Elatocladus	E. tennerima				Conifer with an unknown systematic position
Onychiopsis	O. elongata				Leptosporangiate fern
Taeniopteris	T.? sp. cf. T. auriculata				The specific systematic position of this form genus is unknown.
Thallites	T. yabei				Liverwort

Photo

Seaside Hasandong Formation in Sulsang-Yangpo Area, Jingyo District, Hadong County

35°00′15.8″N 127°55′16.7″E
35°00′15.7″N 127°55′17.7″E
34°59′59.6″N 127°55′08.2″E
35°00′02.8″N 127°55′10.0″E
Ripple Marks 35°00′02.0″N 127°55′09.6″E
Normal Faults 34°59′59.6″N 127°55′08.1″E
34°59′59.7″N 127°55′08.1″E
34°59′23.9″N 127°55′09.1″E

Seaside Hasandong Formation in Daechiri Area, Geumnam District, Hadong County

34°57′31.2″N 127°53′52.6″E
34°57′32.9″N 127°53′53.8″E
34°57′33.8″N 127°53′53.9″E
34°57′33.8″N 127°53′53.9″E
34°57′34.1″N 127°53′53.8″E
34°57′29.6″N 127°53′41.0″E
34°57′29.3″N 127°53′39.9″E
34°57′27.3″N 127°53′43.0″E
34°57′27.4″N 127°53′43.0″E
34°57′27.0″N 127°53′43.1″E

Seaside Hasandong Formation in Songmunri Area, Geumnam District, Hadong County

34°56′50.8″N 127°51′08.1″E
Corss-bedding 34°56′50.9″N 127°51′08.5″E
34°56′50.6″N 127°51′08.7″E
Corss-bedding 34°56′50.9″N 127°51′08.5″E
Corss-bedding 34°56′51.0″N 127°51′08.7″E
34°56′51.1″N 127°51′08.3″E
34°56′51.6″N 127°51′08.5″E
34°57′28.2″N 127°48′37.1″E

References

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[2]
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[3]
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[4]
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[5]
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[7]
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[12]
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[13]
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[14]
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[15]
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[16]
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[17]
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[19]
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[20]
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[21]
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[22]
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[23]
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[24]
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[25]
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[26]
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[27]
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[28]
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[29]
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[30]
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[31]
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Bibliography

Weishampel, David B.; Peter Dodson, and Halszka Osmólska (eds.). 2004. The Dinosauria, 2nd edition, 1–880. Berkeley: University of California Press. Accessed 2019-02-21. ISBN 0-520-24209-2

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