Construction of Waldsiedlung began in 1958, two years later after an SED resolution, in a remote wooded area belonging to the city of Bernau bei Berlin in Bezirk Frankfurt, around 30 kilometres (19mi) north of East Berlin. The housing complex was constructed through an agency subordinate to the Ministry for State Security (Stasi) and was completed in 1960. Waldsiedlung was occupied by senior politicians and their families under the protection of the Stasi's bodyguard department, and relocating there became mandatory for all Politburo members.
Among East Germans, Waldsiedlung was colloquially called Wandlitz, after the nearby village. In the 1980s, Waldsiedlung became known by the tongue-in-cheek nickname "Volvograd", both in reference to the Soviet city of Volgograd and the GDR political elite's use of Volvo cars from Sweden (after initially using luxury Soviet Chaikas).
Waldsiedlung consisted of 23 detached family houses with 180m2 (1,900sqft) of land each within the inner ring. The site had a club house (de) with a cinema and a restaurant,[4] a shop where a limited selection of subsidized luxury Western goods could be purchased with East German marks,[4] a market garden, a health clinic, a shooting range, a swimming pool, a sports field, and tennis courts. There were also barracks and social buildings for site employees and guards. During the Honecker-era, cooks at Waldsiedlung were required to produce gourmet-level meals. In addition to high-quality East German food products, western products such as Beaujolais wines and seltzer water were imported from West Berlin. In 1983, a nuclear bunker with the capacity to accommodate 400 people was completed in Waldsiedlung.
In late 1989, Waldsiedlung's inhabitants had to leave the settlement in accordance with a resolution adopted by the GDR government under Premier Hans Modrow.[4] After German reunification, Waldsiedlung became home to a rehabilitation clinic and private residences, and was brought under the administration of Bernau bei Berlin on 1 July 2001.
As of 2021, tours to Waldsiedlung are allowed for anyone who wants to look around the area.[4]
Layout
Waldsiedlung covered an area of around 2 square kilometres (0.77sqmi), although the area's perimeter was not immediately recognizable from the outside. The 5 kilometres (3.1mi) outer ring consisted of a wire mesh fence on which signs indicated a "wildlife research area". The inner ring was surrounded by a two-metre high green security wall and could only be entered with special passes.[2] The four entrance gates were guarded by members of the Felix Dzerzhinsky Guards Regiment, the paramilitary wing of the Stasi, and troops were stationed at 31 watchtowers within the outer fence.
In the 1970s, a four-lane autobahn connected Waldsiedlung directly to East Berlin.
This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Waldsiedlung, and is written by contributors.
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