A vaccination schedule is a series of vaccinations, including the timing of all doses, which may be either recommended or compulsory, depending on the country of residence. A vaccine is an antigenic preparation used to produce active immunity to a disease, in order to prevent or reduce the effects of infection by any natural or "wild" pathogen.^[2] Vaccines go through multiple phases of trials to ensure safety and effectiveness.

Many vaccines require multiple doses for maximum effectiveness, either to produce sufficient initial immune response or to boost response that fades over time. For example, tetanus vaccine boosters are often recommended every 10 years.^[3] Vaccine schedules are developed by governmental agencies or physicians groups to achieve maximum effectiveness using required and recommended vaccines for a locality while minimizing the number of health care system interactions. Over the past two decades, the recommended vaccination schedule has grown rapidly and become more complicated as many new vaccines have been developed.^[4]

Some vaccines are recommended only in certain areas (countries, sub national areas, or at-risk populations) where a disease is common. For instance, yellow fever vaccination is on the routine vaccine schedule of French Guiana, is recommended in certain regions of Brazil but in the United States is only given to travelers heading to countries with a history of the disease.^[5] In developing countries, vaccine recommendations also take into account the level of health care access, the cost of vaccines and issues with vaccine availability and storage. Sample vaccination schedules discussed by the World Health Organization show a developed country using a schedule which extends over the first five years of a child's life and uses vaccines which cost over $700 including administration costs while a developing country uses a schedule providing vaccines in the first 9 months of life and costing only $25.^[6] This difference is due to the lower cost of health care, the lower cost of many vaccines provided to developing nations, and that more expensive vaccines, often for less common diseases, are not utilized.

The World Health Organization monitors vaccination schedules across the world, noting what vaccines are included in each country's program, the coverage rates achieved and various auditing measures.^[7] The table below shows the types of vaccines given in example countries. The WHO publishes on its website current vaccination schedules for all WHO member states.^[8] Additional vaccines are given to individuals more likely to come into contact with specific diseases through work or travel (e.g. military), or after potentially infectious exposure. Examples include rabies, anthrax, cholera and smallpox.^[9][10]

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Vaccines used for each infection in each country

Country Required for school Required for welfare Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus Haemophilus influenzae Polio Measles Rubella Mumps Chickenpox Shingles Meningococcal Influenza Pneumococcal Encephalitis Cholera Human Papilloma Virus Japanese Encephalitis Rabies Rotavirus Tuberculosis Typhoid Fever Yellow fever Sources  Afghanistan DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ PCV RV BCG [9]  Albania DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR IIV PCV RV BCG [9]  Algeria ✓ DTwPHib ✓ MMR IIV PCV BCG [9]  Andorra ✓ ✓ ✓ MMR ✓ ✓ IIV PCV HPV [9]  Angola DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV RV BCG YF [9]  Antigua and Barbuda DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV YF [9]  Argentina Yes HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ ✓ IIV PCV HPV Rab RV BCG YF [9]  Armenia HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV Rab RV BCG [9]  Australia Preschool and daycare in NSW, Vic and WA Yes HepA HepB DTaP Hib MMRV ✓ IIV HPV RV [9]  Austria No HepA HepB Tdap IPV MMR IIV PCV HPV RV [11][9]  Azerbaijan DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR PCV BCG [9]  Bahamas HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV RV YF [9]  Bahrain HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV Chol HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Bangladesh DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV BCG [9]  Barbados HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV BCG YF [9]  Belarus HepB ✓ ✓ ✓ Hib ✓ MMR IIV PCV BCG [9]  Belgium Nurseries and daycare HepA HepB DTap Hib IPV MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV RV [11][9]  Belize DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR IIV HPV Rab BCG YF [9]  Benin DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV BCG YF [9]  Bhutan DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR HPV BCG [9]  Bolivia DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR IIV PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Bosnia and Herzegovina HepA HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR IIV PCV BCG YF [9]  Botswana DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Brazil No Yes HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMRV ✓ IIV PCV Chol HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Brunei HepB DTap Hib IPV MR IIV HPV BCG [9]  Bulgaria HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR IIV PCV HPV Rab RV BCG [11][9]  Burkina Faso DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV RV BCG YF [9]  Burundi DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Cape Verde DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR HPV BCG YF [9]  Cambodia DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR HPV JE BCG [9]  Cameroon DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Canada In New Brunswick and Ontario HepA HepB DTaPHibIPV MMRV ✓ ✓ IIV PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Central African Republic HepB ✓ ✓ ✓ Hib ✓ ✓ PCV RV BCG YF [9]  Chad DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ BCG YF [9]  Chile HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR IIV PCV HPV BCG YF [9]  China HepA HepB DTaP ✓ ✓ JE BCG [9]  Colombia HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV Rab RV BCG YF [9]  Comoros DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ PCV BCG [9]  Congo DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV RV BCG YF [9]  Cook Islands DTaPHibHepB MR HPV BCG [9]  Costa Rica HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV Rab RV BCG [9]  Ivory Coast DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR IIV PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Croatia Nurseries, preschools and kindergartens HepB DTaP MMR IIV HPV BCG [11][9]  Cuba DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV BCG [9]  Cyprus HepA HepB DTap Hib IPV MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV BCG YF [11][9]  Czech Republic HepA HepB DTap Hib IPV MMR IIV HPV BCG [11][9]  North Korea DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ BCG [9]  DR Congo DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ PCV RV BCG YF [9]  Denmark No HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR IIV PCV HPV [11][9]  Djibouti HepB ✓ ✓ ✓ Hib ✓ ✓ PCV RV BCG [9]  Dominica HepB ✓ ✓ ✓ Hib ✓ MMR IIV HPV BCG YF [9]  Dominican Republic HepB ✓ ✓ ✓ Hib ✓ MMR IIV PCV HPV Rab RV BCG YF [9]  Ecuador DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Egypt DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV BCG YF [9]  El Salvador DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR IIV PCV RV BCG YF [9]  Equatorial Guinea DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ BCG YF [9]  Eritrea DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Estonia No HepB DTap Hib IPV MMR IIV HPV RV BCG [11][9]  Eswatini DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Ethiopia DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Fiji DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR HPV RV BCG [9]  Finland No HepB DTaPHibIPV MMRV IIV PCV TBE HPV RV BCG [11][9]  France Yes HepB DTaP MMR ✓ ✓ IIV PCV HPV BCG YF [11][9]  Gabon DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ BCG YF [9]  Gambia DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Georgia HepB ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ MMR IIV PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Germany No HepB DTaPHibIPV MMRV ✓ ✓ IIV PCV HPV RV [11][9]  Ghana HepB ✓ ✓ ✓ Hib ✓ MR PCV RV BCG YF [9]  Greece HepA HepB DTaP MMRV ✓ IIV PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Grenada DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV HPV YF [9]  Guatemala DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR IIV PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Guinea DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ BCG YF [9]  Guinea-Bissau DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ PCV RV BCG YF [9]  Guyana DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Haiti DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV RV BCG [9]  Honduras HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR IIV PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Hong Kong HepB DTaP IPV MMR ✓ PCV HPV BCG [12]  Hungary No HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR IIV PCV HPV BCG [9]  Iceland No HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV [9]  India DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR JE RV BCG [9]  Indonesia DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR HPV JE BCG [13][9] MMR  Iran DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV BCG YF [9]  Iraq HepA HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR IIV PCV RV BCG [9]  Ireland No HepB TDaP MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Israel HepA HepB DTaPHibIPV MMRV ✓ IIV PCV TBE HPV JE RV BCG TF YF [9]  Italy Yes HepA DTaPHepBIPVHib MMRV ✓ ✓ IIV PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Jamaica HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR IIV PCV HPV BCG YF [9]  Japan No HepB DTap Hib IPV MR ✓ IIV[lower-alpha 1] HPV JE BCG [9][14][15]  Jordan HepB ✓ ✓ ✓ Hib ✓ MMR IIV RV BCG [9]  Kazakhstan HepA HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR IIV PCV TBE Rab BCG [9]  Kenya DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR IIV PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Kiribati DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR IIV RV BCG [9]  Kuwait HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMRV ✓ IIV PCV RV BCG TF YF [9]  Kyrgyzstan DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR PCV RV BCG [9]  Laos DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR IIV HPV JE RV BCG [9]  Latvia No HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR ✓ IIV PCV TBE HPV Rab RV BCG [9]  Lebanon DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR IIV PCV [9]  Lesotho DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV RV BCG YF [9]  Liberia DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Libya HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR IIV PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Lithuania No HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR IIV PCV HPV Rab RV BCG [9]  Luxembourg DTaPHibIPV MMRV ✓ IIV PCV HPV RV TF YF [9]  Madagascar DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ PCV RV BCG [9]  Malawi DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Malaysia HepB DTaPHibIPV MR IIV HPV JE BCG YF [9]  Maldives DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR HPV BCG YF [9]  Mali DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Malta HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR IIV PCV HPV BCG [9]  Marshall Islands DTaPHepBIPV MR ✓ IIV HPV RV BCG [9]  Mauritania DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Mauritius HepA HepB ✓ ✓ ✓ MMR IIV PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Mexico HepA HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Micronesia DTaPHepBIPV MR HPV RV BCG [9]  Monaco HepB ✓ ✓ Hib ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV [9]  Mongolia HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR IIV BCG [9]  Montenegro HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR IIV BCG [9]  Morocco DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR IIV PCV RV BCG [9]  Mozambique DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV RV BCG [9]  Myanmar DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR JE BCG [9]  Namibia DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV RV BCG [9]  Nauru DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR BCG [9]  Nepal DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR JE BCG [9]  Netherlands No HepB DTap Hib IPV MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV [9]  New Zealand HepA HepB DTap Hib IPV MMR ✓ ✓ IIV HPV RV BCG [9]  Nicaragua DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR IIV PCV RV BCG YF [9]  Niger DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ PCV RV BCG YF [9]  Nigeria DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Niue DTwPHepBIPV MR IIV RV BCG [9]  North Macedonia HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR IIV HPV BCG [9]  Norway No HepB DTap Hib IPV MMR IIV PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Oman DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV BCG TF YF [9]  Pakistan DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ PCV RV BCG [9]  Palau DTaPHepBIPV MR IIV HPV RV [9]  Panama HepA HepB DTwPHib MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV Rab RV BCG YF [9]  Papua New Guinea DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR HPV BCG [9]  Paraguay HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ ✓ IIV PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Peru DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Philippines DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR IIV HPV BCG [9]  Poland No HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR ✓ IIV PCV Rab BCG [9]  Portugal No HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV Rab BCG YF [9]  Qatar HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV RV BCG [9]  South Korea HepA HepB DTaPHibIPV MR ✓ IIV HPV JE BCG TF [9]  Moldova DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR IIV PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Romania No HepB DTap Hib IPV MMR ✓ IIV PCV RV BCG YF [9]  Russia No HepA HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Rwanda DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Saint Kitts and Nevis DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR IIV HPV BCG YF [9]  Saint Lucia DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV BCG YF [9]  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR HPV BCG YF [9]  Samoa DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR BCG [9]  San Marino HepA HepB DTap Hib IPV MMR ✓ ✓ IIV PCV Chol HPV JE Rab YF [9]  São Tomé and Príncipe DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Saudi Arabia HepA HepB DTaPHib MMR ✓ IIV PCV RV BCG YF [9]  Senegal DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Serbia HepA HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR IIV PCV BCG TF YF [9]  Seychelles DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Sierra Leone DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Singapore HepB DTaPHibIPV MR IIV HPV BCG [9]  Slovakia No HepB DTap Hib IPV MMR IIV PCV [9]  Slovenia No HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR ✓ IIV PCV TBE HPV Rab BCG [9]  Solomon Islands DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR HPV BCG [9]  Somalia DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ BCG [9]  South Africa No HepB ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ IIV PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  South Sudan DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ BCG [9]  Spain No HepA HepB TDaP MMRV ✓ ✓ IIV PCV Chol HPV JE YF [9]  Sri Lanka DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR HPV JE BCG YF [9]  Sudan DTwPHibHepB ✓ ✓ ✓ PCV RV BCG [9]  Suriname DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR IIV HPV Rab YF [9]  Sweden No HepB DTap Hib IPV MMR IIV PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Switzerland No HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR ✓ ✓ IIV PCV HPV [9]  Syria DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV BCG [9]  Tajikistan DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR IIV RV BCG [9]  Tanzania DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Thailand HepB ✓ ✓ MR IIV HPV JE RV BCG [9]  East Timor DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR RV BCG [9]  Togo DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV RV BCG YF [9]  Tonga DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR HPV RV BCG [9]  Trinidad and Tobago DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV YF [9]  Tunisia HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR IIV BCG [9]  Turkey HepA HepB DTaPHibIPV MMR ✓ IIV PCV BCG [9]  Turkmenistan HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR IIV PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Tuvalu DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR IIV BCG [9]  Uganda DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV RV BCG [9]  Ukraine Yes DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR IIV BCG [9]  United Arab Emirates HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ ✓ IIV PCV Chol RV BCG YF [9]  United Kingdom No HepB DTap Hib IPV MMR ✓ ✓ IIV PCV HPV Rab RV BCG [9]  United States Yes HepA DTaPHepBIPV MMRV ✓ IIV PCV HPV RV [9]  Uruguay HepA DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV HPV BCG YF [9]  Uzbekistan DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR IIV PCV RV BCG [9]  Vanuatu DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR HPV BCG [9]  Venezuela DTwPHibHepB ✓ MMR ✓ IIV PCV Rab RV BCG YF [9]  Vietnam DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR IIV JE BCG [9]  Yemen DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV RV BCG [9]  Zambia DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV RV BCG [9]  Zimbabwe DTwPHibHepB ✓ MR PCV HPV RV BCG [9]
Mandatory to all	Mandatory to specific people	Recommended to all	Recommended to specific people	Neither mandatory nor recommended to anyone
Category B (i.e. not even recommended but for a personal care only) for the elderly. The public insurance partially covers the vaccination cost.

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