Thomas_Morton_(shipwright)
Thomas Morton (shipwright)
Scottish shipwright
Thomas Morton (8 October 1781 – 24 December 1832) was a Scottish shipwright and inventor. His most widely known invention is the patent slip.[1]
Thomas Morton | |
|---|---|
| Born | (1781-10-08)8 October 1781 |
| Died | 24 December 1832(1832-12-24) (aged 51) |
| Nationality | British |
| Occupation | Shipwright |
| Known for | Patent slip |
Morton was born in Leith in October 1781 and grew up to become a shipwright like his father, Hugh. After spending some time working for his father, Morton went on to form his own shipbuilding company in the borough which later became S. & H. Morton & Co.[1]
Unable to afford the installation of a dry dock in his Leith shipyards, Morton "resorted to the process of hauling up [ships] on greased ways".[2] As this method was both dangerous and time-consuming, in 1818 he invented and installed the first patent slip; a slipway with cradle to haul ships out of the water. This was installed on the Water of Leith in front of his premises on Cooper Street in Leith.[3] He was granted a patent for the invention the following year.[2] In 1824 Morton sued John Barclay in Edinburgh for patent infringement after he had installed a similar design in the yards of his company, Stobcross, three years before. Barclay's version was described as a poor copy by fellow shipwright William Denny, and the court found in favour of Morton.[4]
Despite the popularity of the invention, Morton did not profit from it for the first six years of the patent. A total of 45 slips were built (in Scotland, England, Ireland, Russia and the United States), earning the shipwright a total profit of £5737, before he applied for an extension to the patent in 1832. The extension was denied and instead a House of Commons select committee awarded Morton the sum of £2500.[1][2]
In his later life he is listed as living at 1 Pilrig Place, a Georgian house on Leith Walk.[5]
Morton died in December 1832 and is interred in South Leith Parish Churchyard .[1] His company, S. & H. Morton & Co. continued operating.
His son Hugh Morton (1812-1878) continued the family business but moved the main premises from Cooper St/ Coburg St to Leith Walk on a site later used as a tram depot, attaching his house at 3 Smiths Place.[6]
Thomas Morton Hall, a performance hall holding up to 400 persons and sharing the Leith Town Hall with the Leith Theatre, is named after him. It was built in 1925.
- Wendouree, launched in 1882 and wreck in Australia in 1898.
- Tom Morton, launched in 1872 for Christian Salvesen; it was lost at sea in 1886.[7]
- R. B. Prosser (2004). "Morton, Thomas (1781–1832), shipbuilder and inventor of a ship-building slip". In Ritchie, Lionel Alexander (ed.). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/19374. ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- Institution of Engineers in Scotland (1858). "Transactions of the Institution of Engineers in Scotland". 1–3. W. Mackenzie.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - Ordnance Survey 1852
- Morton, Thomas & John Barclay (15 March 1824), Infringement of a patent: notes of a trial before the Jury Court at Edinburgh, Leith: W. Reid & Son
- "Edinburgh Post Office annual directory, 1832–1833". National Library of Scotland. Archived from the original on 19 January 2018. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
- Edinburgh and Leith Post Office Directory 1850
- "Christian Salvesen & Co". The Shiplist. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011.