Thomas Foley, 1st Baron Foley FRS (8 November 1673 – 22 January 1733), of Witley Court, Great Witley, Worcestershire, was an English landowner, ironmaster and Tory politician who sat in the English and British House of Commons from 1694 until 1712, when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Foley as one of Harley's Dozen.

Foley was the eldest son of Thomas Foley and inherited the Great Witley estate on his father's death. His younger brothers were Edward Foley and Richard Foley. He was educated at Sheriffhales academy under John Woodhouse in 1689 and then for some years at Utrecht.^[1] He was admitted at Lincoln's Inn on 30 May 1695.^[2]

Foley was returned as Member of Parliament for Stafford at a by election on 21 November 1694 followed up by an unopposed return at the 1695 English general election. He was a Commissioner for taking subscriptions to the land bank in 1696. He held the seat at Stafford until 1712 when he was raised to the peerage, as one of 12 peers created on the recommendation of the Lord Treasurer, the Earl of Oxford, to give him a majority in the House of Lords.^[1]

When the lease of ironworks at Wilden and Shelsley Walsh expired in 1708, Foley took them in hand and they were operated as an estate enterprise by him and successive owners of the estate until 1776.^[3]

Foley was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1696.^[4]

Foley married Mary Strode with whom he fathered seven children, five of them predeceasing their parents. His only surviving son was Thomas Foley, 2nd Baron Foley, after whose death the title became extinct, while the estates devolved upon the latter's distant cousin Thomas Foley of Stoke Edith, Herefordshire, for whom the title was revived in 1776.