Romain Pelletier (sometimes spelled Peltier) (22 August 1875 – 24 November 1953) was a Canadian organist, choir conductor, composer, and music educator. His compositional output consists entirely of works for solo organ and motets. He was a founding member of the Société des artistes musiciens de Montréal and was a much admired teacher of counterpoint, fugue, and the organ.^[1]

Born in Montreal, Pelletier was part of a prominent musical family in Quebec. He was the son of musician Romain-Octave Pelletier I, the brother of composer and conductor Frédéric Pelletier, and the uncle of violinist Romain-Octave Pelletier II. His other brother Victor was a cellist in J.-J. Goulet's Montreal Symphony Orchestra of which he also served as music librarian.^[1]

Pelletier studied the piano and organ in his native city with Arthur Letondal and was a singing and harmony student of Achille Fortier. In 1909 he became organist/choirmaster at Saint-Léon de Westmount Church, a position he held through 1951. He taught throughout his career, both privately and at the Institut Nazareth. Among his notable students are Fleurette Beauchamp [de], Gabriel Cusson, Guillaume Dupuis, Conrad Letendre, and Georges-Émile Tanguay.^[1]