Photopsia
Photopsia
Presence of perceived flashes of light in one's field of vision
Photopsia is the presence of perceived flashes of light in the field of vision.
It is most commonly associated with:[4]
- posterior vitreous detachment
- migraine aura (ocular migraine / retinal migraine)
- migraine aura without headache
- scintillating scotoma
- retinal break or detachment
- occipital lobe infarction (similar to occipital stroke)
- sensory deprivation (ophthalmopathic hallucinations)
- age-related macular degeneration
- vertebrobasilar insufficiency
- optic neuritis
- visual snow syndrome
Vitreous shrinkage or liquefaction, which are the most common causes of photopsia, cause a pull in vitreoretinal attachments, irritating the retina and causing it to discharge electrical impulses. These impulses are interpreted by the brain as flashes.
This condition has also been identified as a common initial symptom of punctate inner choroiditis (PIC),[5] a rare retinal autoimmune disease believed to be caused by the immune system mistakenly attacking and destroying the retina. During pregnancy, new-onset photopsia is concerning for severe preeclampsia.
Photopsia can present as retinal detachment when examined by an optometrist or ophthalmologist. However, it can also be a sign of uveal melanoma. This condition is extremely rare (5–7 per 1 million people will be affected, typically fair-skinned, blue-eyed northern Europeans). Photopsia should be investigated immediately.