PAWR

PAWR

PAWR

Protein-coding gene in humans

For the airport in Alaska using the ICAO location indicator PAWR, see Whittier Airport.

PRKC apoptosis WT1 regulator protein, or Prostate apoptosis response-4, is a tumor-suppressor protein coded for in the human by the PAWR gene, that induces apoptosis in cancer cells, but not in normal cells.

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Function

The tumor suppressor WT1 represses and activates transcription. The protein encoded by this gene is a WT1-interacting protein that itself functions as a transcriptional repressor. It contains a putative leucine zipper domain which interacts with the zinc finger DNA binding domain of WT1. This protein is specifically upregulated during apoptosis of prostate cells.[5] The active domain of the Par-4 protein has been found to confer cancer resistance in transgenic mice without compromising normal viability or aging, and may have therapeutic significance.[6]

Interactions

PAWR has been shown to interact with:

References

  1. [1]
    GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000177425 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. [2]
    GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000035873 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. [3]
    "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. [4]
    "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. [5]
    "Entrez Gene: PAWR PRKC, apoptosis, WT1, regulator".
  6. [6]
    Zhao Y, Burikhanov R, Qiu S, Lele SM, Jennings CD, Bondada S, Spear B, Rangnekar VM (Oct 2007). "Cancer resistance in transgenic mice expressing the SAC module of Par-4". Cancer Research. 67 (19): 9276–85. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-2124. PMID 17909035.
  7. [7]
    Guo Q, Xie J (Feb 2004). "AATF inhibits aberrant production of amyloid beta peptide 1-42 by interacting directly with Par-4". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (6): 4596–603. doi:10.1074/jbc.M309811200. PMID 14627703.
  8. [8]
    Kawai T, Akira S, Reed JC (Sep 2003). "ZIP kinase triggers apoptosis from nuclear PML oncogenic domains". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 23 (17): 6174–86. doi:10.1128/mcb.23.17.6174-6186.2003. PMC 180930. PMID 12917339.
  9. [9]
    Díaz-Meco MT, Municio MM, Frutos S, Sanchez P, Lozano J, Sanz L, Moscat J (Sep 1996). "The product of par-4, a gene induced during apoptosis, interacts selectively with the atypical isoforms of protein kinase C". Cell. 86 (5): 777–86. doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80152-x. PMID 8797824. S2CID 15675524.
  10. [10]
    Xie J, Guo Q (Jul 2004). "Par-4 inhibits choline uptake by interacting with CHT1 and reducing its incorporation on the plasma membrane". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (27): 28266–75. doi:10.1074/jbc.M401495200. PMID 15090548.
  11. [11]
    Roussigne M, Cayrol C, Clouaire T, Amalric F, Girard JP (Apr 2003). "THAP1 is a nuclear proapoptotic factor that links prostate-apoptosis-response-4 (Par-4) to PML nuclear bodies". Oncogene. 22 (16): 2432–42. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206271. PMID 12717420. S2CID 25237333.
  12. [12]
    Johnstone RW, See RH, Sells SF, Wang J, Muthukkumar S, Englert C, Haber DA, Licht JD, Sugrue SP, Roberts T, Rangnekar VM, Shi Y (Dec 1996). "A novel repressor, par-4, modulates transcription and growth suppression functions of the Wilms' tumor suppressor WT1". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 16 (12): 6945–56. doi:10.1128/mcb.16.12.6945. PMC 231698. PMID 8943350.

Further reading
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