Adjacent counties and municipalities

• Franklin County – northeast
• Androscoggin County – east
• Cumberland County – southeast
• York County – south
• Carroll County, New Hampshire – southwest
• Coös County, New Hampshire – west
• Le Granit Regional County Municipality, Quebec – north

National protected areas

• Umbagog National Wildlife Refuge (part)
• White Mountain National Forest (part)

Ancestries

As of 2015, the largest self-reported ancestry groups in Oxford County, Maine were:^[11]

More information Largest ancestries (2015), Percent ...

Largest ancestries (2015)	Percent
English	22.6%
French or French Canadian	20.9%
Irish	15.7%
"American"	8.9%
German	6.5%
Scottish	5.6%
Italian	4.9%
Polish	1.9%

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2000 census

At the 2000 census there were 54,755 people, 22,314 households, and 15,173 families living in the county. The population density was 26 people per square mile (10 people/km²). There were 32,295 housing units at an average density of 16 per square mile (6.2/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 98.25% White, 0.17% Black or African American, 0.28% Native American, 0.37% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.11% from other races, and 0.80% from two or more races. 0.53% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 23.6% were of English, 13.9% French, 13.7% United States or American, 10.1% Irish and 8.4% French Canadian ancestry according to Census 2000. 95.9% spoke English and 2.6% French as their first language.^[12] Of the 22,314 households 30.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.10% were married couples living together, 9.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.00% were non-families. 25.60% of households were one person and 11.00% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.87.

The age distribution was 24.20% under the age of 18, 6.50% from 18 to 24, 27.80% from 25 to 44, 25.50% from 45 to 64, and 16.10% 65 or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 95.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.70 males.

The median household income was $33,435 and the median family income was $39,794. Males had a median income of $30,641 versus $21,233 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,945. About 8.30% of families and 11.80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.80% of those under age 18 and 10.10% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census

At the 2010 census, there were 57,833 people, 24,300 households, and 15,781 families living in the county.^[13] The population density was 27.8 inhabitants per square mile (10.7/km²). There were 36,055 housing units at an average density of 17.4 units per square mile (6.7 units/km²).^[14] The racial makeup of the county was 96.8% white, 0.6% Asian, 0.4% American Indian, 0.4% black or African American, 0.3% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.0% of the population.^[13] In terms of ancestry, 23.6% were English, 14.8% were Irish, 8.2% were American, 6.4% were German, and 5.6% were French Canadian.^[15]

Of the 24,300 households, 28.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.0% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 35.1% were non-families, and 27.1% of households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.81. The median age was 44.6 years.^[13]

The median household income was $39,748 and the median family income was $48,000. Males had a median income of $37,892 versus $30,187 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,254. About 9.6% of families and 13.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.6% of those under age 18 and 12.2% of those age 65 or over.^[16]

Voter registration

From 1880 to 1988, Oxford County was dominated by the Republican Party in presidential elections, only failing to back a Republican candidate in 1912, 1964, and 1968. The county flipped in 1992 to become consistently Democratic like the rest of Maine, staying that way until 2012. However, it made a 27.8 point swing^[18] (the largest statewide) to back Republican Donald Trump in 2016 as he won Maine's second congressional district containing the county.

Towns

Unorganized territories

Census-designated places

Other unincorporated communities