Otolin is a glycoprotein found in the vertebrate inner ear.^[5]

Quick Facts OTOL1, Identifiers ...

OTOL1
Identifiers
Aliases	OTOL1, C1QTNF15, otolin 1, C1QTNF16
External IDs	MGI: 2685260; HomoloGene: 19018; GeneCards: OTOL1; OMA:OTOL1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 3 (human)[1] Band 3q26.1 Start 161,496,808 bp[1] End 161,503,942 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 3 (mouse)[2] Band 3|3 E2 Start 69,914,946 bp[2] End 69,936,041 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in prefrontal cortex Brodmann area 9 temporal lobe amygdala hippocampus proper Top expressed in placenta rhombencephalon More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function calcium ion binding metal ion binding extracellular matrix structural constituent Cellular component collagen extracellular region extracellular space extracellular matrix Biological process otolith mineralization protein homooligomerization extracellular matrix organization Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 131149 229389 Ensembl ENSG00000182447 ENSMUSG00000027788 UniProt A6NHN0 Q4ZJM7 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001080440 NM_001018031 RefSeq (protein) NP_001073909 NP_001018041 Location (UCSC) Chr 3: 161.5 – 161.5 Mb Chr 3: 69.91 – 69.94 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
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Otolin is modified after it is translated, with hydroxylated prolines and two glycosylated lysines with glucosyl-galactosyl groups.^[5]

The gene for otolin in mice is on chromosome 3E12. In humans it is located at 3q26.1 At the N-terminal end there is a signal peptide. The N-terminal end has four cysteine residues. Adjacent to this is a stiff collagen domain with 75 Gly-X-Y repeats. It also contains a cysteine residue, and in human otolin, there are four cystein residues in this domain. At the opposite end is the C1q domain. The otolin gene in mammals contains four introns and five exons.^[5]

Otolin combines with several other otolin molecules to form an oligomer, probably a trimer. It also binds to otoconin-90 and cerebellin-1.^[5]

Otolin is produced by the vestibular support cells in the utricle, saccule, the three semicircular canal cristae, and the tectorial membrane. In teleosts (fish), otolin is found in the otolith and it is required to anchor the otolith in position.^[5]