The Operation Arsenal (Polish: Akcja pod Arsenałem), code name: "Meksyk II", was the first major operation by the Gray Ranks, Polish Underground formation during the Nazi German occupation of Poland.^[1] It took place on March 26, 1943 in Warsaw. Its name was coined after the Warsaw Arsenal, in front of which the action took place. The plan was to free the troop leader Jan Bytnar "Rudy", who was arrested together with his father by the Gestapo. The operation was executed by 28 scouts led by Warsaw Standard Commander Stanisław Broniewski "Orsza". The initiator and the commander of the "Attack Group" was Tadeusz Zawadzki "Zośka".^[2]

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Quick Facts Date, Location ...

Operation Arsenal
Part of World War II
Długa Street where the Operation Arsenal took place
Date March 26, 1943 Location Warsaw, General Government (German-occupied Poland) Result Liberation of Jan Bytnar, successful escape
Belligerents
Gray Ranks	Nazi Germany
Commanders and leaders
Stanisław Broniewski Tadeusz Zawadzki	Unknown, probably none
Strength
28 men	~15-20 men
Casualties and losses
2 dead 1 captured (subsequently executed) 140 Polish and Jewish hostages killed in reprisal	4 killed 9 wounded

Close

The successfully conducted operation led to the release of Jan Bytnar and 24 other prisoners, including another Storm Group troop leader, Henryk Ostrowski "Henryk", and 6 women, in an attack on the prison van that was taking the inmates from Pawiak Prison to Gestapo Headquarters at Szucha Avenue. Bytnar himself died four days later on account of injuries sustained due to German torture. Both of his interrogators, identified as Hubert Schulz and Ewald Lange, were assassinated by Szare Szeregi within two months.^[3]

The Operation was presented in a 1978 Polish film Akcja pod Arsenałem^[4] and in a 2014 Polish film Stones for the Rampart based on Aleksander Kamiński's novel of the same name.^[5]

• German occupation of Poland
• Warsaw Uprising