The school has its beginnings in the landing at the Swan River Colony of Irish Sisters of Mercy.[2] Led by Sister Ursula Frayne, they founded the first Catholic school in the colony on 2 February 1846[3] beginning their teaching with just one pupil.[2] Classes were conducted in a rented St Georges Terrace cottage, near Victoria Avenue. By the end of the first day's teaching, the numbers had swelled to six students. Enrolment grew to 100 by the end of 1846, by which time the school had moved to permanent accommodation at Victoria Square.[3]
The first Mercy Convent in Australia was constructed in 1847 on the Victoria Square site, and remains in use today, known as "Holy Cross Convent".[3]
Two separate schools were run from the Victoria Square site. The original was known as St Joseph's School, and was a free, co-educational school.[4] The other school run from the site was Ladies' College, opened in 1896, which did charge for tuition. It was later renamed Our Lady's College. The two schools amalgamated in 1967 to form Mercedes College.[2] The last of the school's boarding students left in 1981.
Over the years, the number of Sisters of Mercy at the site has dwindled, with the last Mercy Sister Principal of Mercedes, Sister Assisium Wright, retiring in 1996.[5]
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