Manza_language
Manza language
Ubangian language of the CAR
Manza (Mānzā, Mandja) is a Ubangian language spoken by the Mandja people of the Central African Republic. It is closely related to Ngbaka and may be to some extent mutually intelligible.
Quick Facts Native to, Ethnicity ...
| Manza | |
|---|---|
| Mandja | |
| Native to | Central African Republic |
| Ethnicity | Mandja |
Native speakers | (220,000 cited 1996)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | mzv |
| Glottolog | manz1243 |
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The phonology consists of the following:[2]
Consonants
More information Labial, Alveolar ...
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Labio- velar |
Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | (ɲ) | ŋ | ŋ͡m | ||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | k͡p | ||
| voiced | b | d | ɡ | ɡ͡b | |||
| prenasal | ᵐb | ⁿd | ᵑɡ | ᵑᵐɡ͡b | |||
| implosive | ɓ | ɗ | |||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | h | |||
| voiced | v | z | |||||
| prenasal | ⁿz | ||||||
| Tap | ⱱ | ɾ | |||||
| Approximant | (l) | j | w | ||||
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- Sounds /ɾ/ and /ⱱ/ are very rare in word-initial position.
- /ⁿz/ can be heard in free variation as a prenasal affricate sound [ⁿd͡ʒ].
- [l] is only heard in free variation of /j/.
- /j/ can be heard as [ɲ] when preceding a nasal vowel.
Vowels
More information Front, Central ...
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- /a/ can have an allophone of [ɐ], when in complementary distribution.
More information Front, Central ...
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- The nasalization of /ɛ̃/ may also be heard more lower as [æ̃] in free variation.
| a | b | bh | d | dh | e | ɛ | f | g | gb | h | i | k | kp | l | m | mb | n | nd | ndj | ngb | ŋ | ŋg | ŋm | o | ɔ | p | r | s | t | u | v | vb | w | y | z |
The tones are indicated on the letters using diacritics:
- the middle tone is indicated using the umlaut: ⟨ä, ë, ɛ̈, ï, ö, ɔ̈, ü⟩ ;
- the high tone is indicated using the circumflex accent: ⟨â, ê, ɛ̂, î, ô, ɔ̂, û⟩.
- Manza at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- Moore, Troy C. (2000). Manza Phonology Statement. SIL.
- Ngodi, Gounoukon & Moore 2017, p. 34-35.
Works cited
- Ngodi, Edmond; Gounoukon, Orphe-Magloire; Moore, Troy (2017). Hârâ nɛ mɛ̈ yɔ̂ rɔ̂ nû mandja [Lire et écrire en mandja] (3 ed.). Bangui: Association centrafricaine pour la traduction de la Bible et d’alphabétisation (ACATBA) et SIL International.
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