List_of_elected_British_politicians_who_have_changed_party_affiliation

List of elected British politicians who have changed party affiliation

Add article description

This is a list of members of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, the House of Lords, British members of the European Parliament, members of the British devolved legislatures (such as the Scottish Parliament, Senedd, and Northern Ireland Assembly) and Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) who have changed their party affiliation (i.e. abandoning a previous party membership to take up a new one) or who have resigned from, been suspended from or been expelled from their previous party affiliation, making them independents. When a member of a legislature switches from one party to another, this is called crossing the floor. The list details the dates, members involved, previous and new party affiliations, and an explanation for their switch.

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (February 2011)

Members of Parliament who have changed party affiliation

More information Date, Member ...

Date	Member	Before		After		Notes
MPs 1680–1832
1698	John Grubham Howe		Whig		Tory
1707	Sir Robert Harley		Whig		Tory
1725	John Montagu, Viscount Hinchingbrooke		Whig		Tory
1725	Sir William Pulteney		Whig		Tory
1793	William Windham		Whig		Independent
1795	Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh		Whig		Tory
1795	Thomas Pelham		Whig		Tory
1810	Charles Williams-Wynn		Whig		Tory	Tried to create a third political party, failed and joined the Tories.
1822	Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston		Tory		Whig
1828	Charles Williams-Wynn		Tory		Whig	Was not offered a position in Government.
1834	Charles Williams-Wynn		Whig		Tory	Offered position in Government.
1832–1847 Parliaments
1834	Sir James Graham, 2nd Baronet		Whig		Conservative	Resigned as First Lord of the Admiralty
	Lord Stanley		Whig		Conservative	Resigned as Secretary of State for War and the Colonies^[1]
	Lord George Bentinck		Whig		Conservative
	Bingham Baring		Whig		Conservative
1846	William Ewart Gladstone		Conservative		Peelite	Resigned as Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
	Henry Goulburn		Conservative		Peelite	Resigned as Chancellor of the Exchequer
	Sir James Graham, 2nd Baronet		Conservative		Peelite	Resigned as Home Secretary
	Sidney Herbert		Conservative		Peelite	Resigned as Secretary at War
	John Young		Conservative		Peelite	Resigned as Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury
	Edward Cardwell		Conservative		Peelite	Resigned as Financial Secretary to the Treasury
1847–1886 Parliaments
1847	Sir John Young, 2nd Baronet		Conservative		Peelite
	Lord Ernest Bruce		Conservative		Peelite
	Henry Bingham Baring		Conservative		Peelite
1852	Frederick Peel		Conservative		Peelite
	Henry FitzRoy		Conservative		Peelite
	James Stuart-Wortley		Conservative		Peelite
1853	Lord Alfred Hervey		Conservative		Peelite
1853	Sir John Young, 2nd Baronet		Peelite		Conservative
1859	William Ewart Gladstone		Peelite		Liberal
1859	Frederick Peel		Peelite		Liberal
1868	Edward James Saunderson		Liberal		Conservative
1879	James Yeaman		Liberal		Conservative
1886–1900 Parliaments
1886	Joseph Chamberlain		Liberal		Liberal Unionist	Created the Liberal Unionist Party after disagreeing with William Gladstone and splitting over Home Rule for Ireland Was the President of the Board of Trade until his defection.
	Sir Henry James		Liberal		Liberal Unionist	Was the Attorney-General until his defection.
	Edward Heneage		Liberal		Liberal Unionist	Was the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster until his defection.
	The Marquess of Hartington		Liberal		Liberal Unionist	Was the Secretary of State for War until his defection.
	Sir George Otto Trevelyan, 2nd Baronet		Liberal		Liberal Unionist	Was the Secretary for Scotland until his defection.^[2]
	William Shepherd Allen		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Arthur Peel		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	John Boyd Kinnear		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	William Shepherd Allen		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Walter Morrison		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Arthur Pease		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Arthur Pease		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Henry Vivian		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	John Corbett		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	William Cornwallis-West		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	William Crossman		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	John Westlake		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Henry Brand		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Donald Currie		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	George Dixon		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Sir Cuthbert Quilter, 1st Baronet		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	John William Ramsden		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Charles Pelham Villiers		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Sir Robert Anstruther, 5th Baronet		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Sir George Macpherson-Grant, 3rd Baronet		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Ernest Noel		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Alexander Craig Sellar		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	John Wilson		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	David Davies		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Robert Bickersteth		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Edward Watkin		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Viscount Lymington		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Viscount Wolmer		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Viscount Ebrington		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Viscount Howick		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Viscount Baring		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Viscount Lambton		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Lord Richard Grosvenor		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Lord Edward Cavendish		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Sir Thomas Grove, 1st Baronet		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Sir Robert Jardine, 1st Baronet		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Sir Savile Brinton Crossley, 2nd Baronet		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Sir John St Aubyn, 2nd Baronet		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Hugh Elliot		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Arthur Elliot		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Andrew Fairbairn		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Sir Charles Seely, 1st Baronet		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Sir Alexander Brown, 1st Baronet		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Savile Crossley		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Sir Henry Wiggin, 1st Baronet		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	John Lubbock		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Francis Taylor		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Richard Frederick Fotheringham Campbell		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	John Wentworth-FitzWilliam		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Archibald Corbett		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Jesse Collings		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Thomas Buchanan		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	George Dixon		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Thomas Sutherland		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Charles James Monk		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	William Kenrick		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Robert Jasper More		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Cathcart Wason		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Lewis Fry		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
John Corbett		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Mitchell Henry		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Richard Biddulph Martin		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Sir John Pender		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Henry Meysey-Thompson		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
George Pitt-Lewis		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Alfred Barnes		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Lewis McIver		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Richard Chamberlain		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
George Salis-Schwabe		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Francis William Maclean		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Francis Bingham Mildmay		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Hamar Alfred Bass		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Henry Hobhouse		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
William Pirrie Sinclair		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
John Jenkins		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Robert Finlay		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
William Bickford-Smith		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Robert Thornhagh Gurdon		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Charles Fraser-Mackintosh		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Lewis Fry		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
George Hastings		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Henry Howard		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Joseph Powell-Williams		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Thomas Richardson		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Sir Julian Goldsmid, 3rd Baronet		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Peter Rylands		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
John Bright		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
William Kenrick		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Jesse Collings		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
James William Barclay		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Frederick William Grafton		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Alfred Barnes		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Michael Biddulph		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Nevil Story Maskelyne		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Edmond Wodehouse		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
William Sproston Caine		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Henry Frederick Beaumont		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
Greville Richard Vernon		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
1888	Henry Wentworth-FitzWilliam		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Cunninghame Graham		Liberal		Independent
	Thomas Buchanan		Liberal Unionist		Liberal
	Sir Thomas Grove, 1st Baronet		Liberal Unionist		Liberal
1891	All Irish Conservative MPs		Irish Conservative		Irish Unionist	Conservatives in Ireland merged into new party.^[3]
1892	Benjamin Hingley		Liberal Unionist		Liberal
1893	George Joachim Goschen		Liberal Unionist		Conservative
	Thomas Henry Bolton		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	William Grenfell		Liberal		Conservative
1898	George Doughty		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
1899	Leonard Courtney		Liberal Unionist		Liberal
1900	George Whiteley		Conservative		Liberal	Stood for Pudsey as Liberal in the 1900 election after standing down as Conservative MP for Stockport.^[4]
1900–1906 Parliament
1902	Cathcart Wason		Liberal Unionist		Liberal	Resigned seat and fought by-election as an Independent Liberal
1903	Michael Foster		Liberal Unionist		Liberal
1903	John William Wilson		Liberal Unionist		Liberal
31 May 1904	Winston Churchill		Conservative		Liberal	Changed party over dismay at the Conservative party becoming more "protectionist"^[5] Returned to Conservatives in the 1920s, stating "Anyone can rat, but it takes a certain amount of ingenuity to re-rat".^[6]
1904	John Eustace Jameson		Irish Parliamentary		Conservative
	Jack Seely		Conservative		Ind. Conservative
	Ivor Guest		Conservative		Liberal
	Ernest Hatch		Conservative		Liberal
	George Kemp		Liberal Unionist		Liberal
	Lord Richard Cavendish		Liberal Unionist		Liberal
	Edward Hain		Liberal Unionist		Liberal
	Richard Bell		Labour		Liberal
November 1904	Richard Rigg		Liberal		Conservative	Joined Conservatives because "he found himself in agreement with the Conservative government on so many key issues"^[7]
1905	John Dickson-Poynder		Conservative		Liberal
1906	John Eldon Gorst		Conservative		Free Trader
1906	Jack Seely		Ind. Conservative		Liberal
1906–December 1910 Parliaments
1906	Carlyon Bellairs		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
	Austin Taylor		Conservative		Liberal
	John William Wilson		Liberal Unionist		Liberal
1907	Leslie Renton		Liberal		Liberal Unionist
1908	Archibald Corbett		Liberal Unionist		Liberal	Re-joined Liberal Party
1909	Alexander Cross		Liberal Unionist		Liberal
	Arthur Elliot		Liberal Unionist		Independent	Stood as an independent
	Thomas Kincaid-Smith		Liberal		Independent	Stood as an independent
	Enoch Edwards		Liberal		Labour
	Frederick Hall		Liberal		Labour
	William Johnson		Liberal		Labour
1910	William Abraham		Liberal		Labour
	William Edwin Harvey		Liberal		Labour
	James Haslam		Liberal		Labour
	Thomas Richards		Liberal		Labour
	Albert Stanley		Liberal		Labour
	John Wadsworth		Liberal		Labour
	John Williams		Liberal		Labour
	Harold Cox		Liberal		Free Trader
December 1910–1918 Parliament
May 1912	35 MPs		Liberal Unionist		Conservative	Conservative and Liberal Unionist parties merged.
May 1912	John Gordon		Liberal Unionist		Irish Unionist	Irish Liberal Unionist and Unionist parties merged.
30 March 1914	William Edwin Harvey		Labour		Liberal	Resigned over the party's treatment of Barnet Kenyon, before and after the 1913 Chesterfield by-election, particularly regarding miner's representation.^[8]
1914	William Johnson		Labour		Liberal	Expelled from the Labour Party for addressing Liberal Party meetings.^[9]
1915	John Hancock		Labour		Liberal	Expelled from the Labour Party.^[10]
	John Wadsworth		Labour		Liberal
	William Abraham		Labour		Liberal
1917	Sir Richard Cooper, 2nd Baronet		Conservative		Independent	Those who defected in 1917 actually joined the National Party. However, before the general election of 1918 all members apart from Croft and Cooper had returned to the Conservatives or had lost their seats.
	Henry Page Croft		Conservative		Independent
	Richard Hamilton Rawson		Conservative		Independent
	Alan Hughes Burgoyne		Conservative		Independent
	Douglas George Carnegie		Conservative		Independent
	Viscount Duncannon		Conservative		Independent
	Rowland Hunt		Conservative		Independent	^[11]
	Edward Fitzroy		Conservative		Independent
1918	Harland Bowden		Conservative		Ind. Unionist
	Arthur Strauss		Conservative		Independent Labour
	Charles Trevelyan		Liberal		Independent Labour
	Arthur Ponsonby		Liberal		Independent	Contested as an Independent Democrat.
	R. L. Outhwaite		Liberal		Independent Liberal
	Leo Chiozza Money		Liberal		Labour
	Edward John		Liberal		Labour
1918–1922 Parliament
1918–1922	Many		Independent		Independent	During this Parliament it is difficult to track moves by many MPs between the pro- and anti-Coalition wings of their parties.
1918	George Nicoll Barnes		Labour		Independent Labour	Refused to resign from the Lloyd George Coalition
1919	Cecil L'Estrange Malone		Liberal		Independent
1920	Oswald Mosley		Conservative		Independent	Left over the Conservative Party's Irish policy, specifically the use of Black and Tans.
1921	All Irish Unionist MPs		Irish Unionist		Ulster Unionist	Creation of Northern Ireland after partition of Ireland.
1921	Thomas Harbison		Irish Parliamentary		Nationalist	Creation of Northern Ireland after partition of Ireland.
1922	John Hope		Liberal		Independent Liberal	Rejected as a candidate on the grounds that he had not made a single speech during his 24 years in Parliament.^[12]
1922	T. P. O'Connor		Irish Parliamentary		Irish Nationalist	Irish Parliamentary Party no longer represented in Parliament. It dissolved after the Irish Free State's establishment.
1922–1923 Parliament
1923	Gordon Ralph Hall Caine		Independent		Conservative	Took the Conservative whip
1923	James Malcolm Monteith Erskine		Independent		Conservative
1923–1924 Parliament
February 1924	George M. Ll. Davies		Independent		Labour	Originally elected as an "Independent Christian Pacifist"; later took the Labour whip but did not join the party
1924–1929 Parliament
1924	Oswald Mosley		Independent		Labour
January 1926^[13]	Sir Alfred Mond, Bt		Liberal		Conservative	Defected after falling out with Lloyd George
1926	Joseph Kenworthy		Liberal		Labour	Resigned in opposition of Lloyd George's leadership
1927	George Alfred Spencer		Labour		Independent	Expelled from the Labour party for brokering a local settlement during the General Strike.^[14]
	Leslie Haden-Guest		Labour		Independent	Resigned in protest of Labour's opposition of sending troops to Shanghai^[15]
	Sir Robert Newman, Bt		Conservative		Independent	Whip withdrawn after a dispute between Newman and his local Conservative association, leading to his deselection as a Conservative parliamentary candidate, as well as differences with the party leadership surrounding his support for free-trade policies.^[11]
1928	Sir Basil Peto, Bt		Conservative		Independent	Whip withdrawn in April 1928 due to policy disagreements with Stanley Baldwin's Conservative government.^[11]
1928	Sir Basil Peto, Bt		Independent		Conservative	Whip restored in November 1928 after an overwhelming vote of confidence in Peto by his local party executive.^[11]
1929	Thomas Robinson		Liberal		Independent
1929–1931 Parliament
1931	Oswald Mosley		Labour		New Party	Created the New Party.
	Lady Cynthia Mosley		Labour		New Party	Joined the New Party.
	Oliver Baldwin		Labour		New Party	Joined the New Party but left after one day and sat as an independent.
	Oliver Baldwin		New Party		Independent
	Robert Forgan		Labour		New Party	Joined the New Party
	W. E. D. Allen		Ulster Unionist		New Party	Joined the New Party
	Cecil Dudgeon		Liberal		New Party	Joined the New Party
February 1931	John Strachey		Labour		New Party	Joined the New Party
June 1931	John Strachey		New Party		Independent	Did not agree with the party's drift towards fascism
24 August 1931	Ramsay MacDonald		Labour		National Labour	Formed the National Government
24 August 1931	Malcolm MacDonald		Labour		National Labour	Joined the National Government
25 August 1931	Philip Snowden		Labour		National Labour	Joined the National Government
25 August 1931	J. H. Thomas		Labour		National Labour	Joined the National Government
1931	William Jowitt		Labour		National Labour	Followed MacDonald on 28 August
	George Gillett		Labour		National Labour	Followed MacDonald on 31 August
	Ernest Bennett		Labour		National Labour	Followed MacDonald on 1 September
	George Knight		Labour		National Labour	Followed MacDonald on 2 September
	James Lovat-Fraser		Labour		National Labour	Followed MacDonald on 2 September
	Craigie Aitchison		Labour		National Labour	Followed MacDonald on 3 September
	Samuel Rosbotham		Labour		National Labour	Followed MacDonald on 5 September
	Archibald Church		Labour		National Labour	Followed MacDonald on 8 September.
	Richard Denman		Labour		National Labour	Followed MacDonald on 10 September.
	Sydney Frank Markham		Labour		National Labour	Followed MacDonald on 16 September.
	Derwent Hall Caine		Labour		National Labour	Followed MacDonald on 23 September.
1931–1935 Parliament
February 1933	Harry Nathan		Liberal		Independent Liberals (UK, 1931)	Opposed the policy of the National Government
November 1933	Robert Bernays		Liberal		Independent Liberal	Remained on the government benches when the Liberal Party went into opposition
	Joseph Leckie		Liberal		National Liberal
	William McKeag		Liberal		National Liberal
	Joseph Maclay		Liberal		Independent Liberal
August 1934	Harry Nathan		Independent Liberals (UK, 1931)		Labour
1935–1945 Parliament
July 1935	George Morrison		Liberal		National Liberal
1935	Katharine Stewart-Murray, Duchess of Atholl		Conservative		Independent	Resigned whip over the India Bill and the "national-socialist tendency" of the government's domestic policy.^[16]
1935			Independent		Conservative
1937			Conservative		Independent	Resigned whip over Anglo-Italian Agreement^[16]
1937			Independent		Conservative
1938			Conservative		Independent	Resigned a third time, due to opposing Neville Chamberlain's policy of appeasement of Adolf Hitler before being deselected by her local party^[16]
September 1936	Robert Bernays		Independent Liberal		National Liberal
1938	Herbert Holdsworth		Liberal		National Liberal
November 1939	Aneurin Bevan		Labour		Independent	Expelled from the Labour Party for seven months for supporting a "popular front"
	Sir Stafford Cripps		Labour		Independent
	George Strauss		Labour		Independent
	Clement Davies		National Liberal		Independent	Resigned whips of both the Liberal Nationals and the National Government in opposition to Chamberlain.^[17]
March 1940	Denis Pritt		Labour		Independent	Expelled from the Labour Party over his defence of the Soviet invasion of Finland^[18]
1942	Murdoch Macdonald		National Liberal		Independent
	Edgar Granville		National Liberal		Independent
	Clement Davies		Independent		Liberal	Returned to the Liberal Party after a decade.
February 1942	Stephen King-Hall		National Labour		Independent	Opposed the party's considerations in wartime
May 1942	Alec Cunningham-Reid		Conservative		Independent	Whip withdrawn after a dispute with the national Conservative leadership.^[11]
July 1942	Sir Richard Acland		Liberal		Common Wealth	Formed the Common Wealth Party after a merger of the 1941 Committee and the Forward March movement
July 1942	Vernon Bartlett		Independent Progressive		Common Wealth	Fought the 1945 general election as an independent
May 1943	Kenneth Lindsay		National Labour		Independent
November 1944	John Eric Loverseed		Common Wealth		Independent
February 1945	Sir Stafford Cripps		Independent		Labour	Rejoined the Labour Party^[19]
April 1945	Edgar Granville		Independent		Liberal
May 1945	John Eric Loverseed		Independent		Labour
1945–1950 Parliament
1945	John MacLeod		Independent Liberal		National Liberal
22 April 1946	Ernest Millington		Common Wealth		Labour
21 October 1946	Tom Horabin		Liberal		Independent	Declared support for the Labour government
26 March 1947	John McGovern		Ind. Labour Party		Labour
23 July 1947	Rev Campbell Stephen		Ind. Labour Party		Independent	Granted the Labour whip on 21 October 1947.
21 October 1947	Rev Campbell Stephen		Independent		Labour	Granted the Labour whip on 21 October 1947.
29 October 1947	James Carmichael		Ind. Labour Party		Independent	Granted the Labour whip on 3 November 1947.
3 November 1947	James Carmichael		Independent		Labour	Granted the Labour whip on 3 November 1947.
4 November 1947	Evelyn Walkden		Labour		Independent	Following censure by the House for his conduct.
18 November 1947	Tom Horabin		Independent		Labour
22 March 1948	John Mackie		Independent		Conservative
28 April 1948	John Platts-Mills		Labour		Independent	Expelled from party for sending supportive telegram to Pietro Nenni, Italian socialist allied with the Communists.
16 May 1948	Alfred Edwards		Labour		Conservative	Expelled from party for opposition to nationalisation of steel.
3 October 1948	Eric Gandar Dower		Conservative		Independent	Dispute with local association.^[20]
26 October 1948	Ivor Thomas		Labour		Conservative	Resigned due to opposition to nationalisation of steel.
28 October 1948	Gwilym Lloyd George		Liberal		Independent	Whip removed;^[21] Lloyd-George had been sitting on the Conservative front bench since 1945 but had continued to receive the Liberal whip "as a matter of courtesy"
18 May 1949	Leslie Solley		Labour		Independent	Expelled from party for persistently opposing government policies.
18 May 1949	Konni Zilliacus		Labour		Independent
27 July 1949	Lester Hutchinson		Labour		Independent	Expelled from party for opposition to government foreign policy.
1950–1951 Parliament
4 May 1950	John MacLeod		Independent Liberal		National Liberal
4 August 1950	Raymond Blackburn		Labour		Independent	Called for Winston Churchill to be Prime Minister in a coalition government.
1951–1955 Parliament
2 June 1954	John Mellor		Conservative		Independent	Resigned whip over increase in MPs' salaries (Mellor was opposed).
14 July 1954	John Mellor		Independent		Conservative
14 July 1954	Harry Legge-Bourke		Conservative		Independent	Opposed to policy of withdrawing British base in Suez canal zone.
18 October 1954	Harry Legge-Bourke		Independent		Conservative
23 November 1954	S. O. Davies		Labour		Independent	Whip withdrawn after breaking the whip over German rearmament.
	George Craddock		Labour		Independent
	Ernest Fernyhough		Labour		Independent
	Emrys Hughes		Labour		Independent
	Sydney Silverman		Labour		Independent
	Victor Yates		Labour		Independent
	John McGovern		Labour		Independent
10 March 1955	Richard Acland		Labour		Independent	Opposed to party policy on nuclear arms and resigned his seat.
16 March 1955	Aneurin Bevan		Labour		Independent	Whip withdrawn for challenging the authority of Party leader.
April 1955	S. O. Davies		Independent		Labour	Whip restored.
	George Craddock		Independent		Labour
	Ernest Fernyhough		Independent		Labour
	Emrys Hughes		Independent		Labour
	Sydney Silverman		Independent		Labour
	Victor Yates		Independent		Labour
	John McGovern		Independent		Labour
28 April 1955	Aneurin Bevan		Independent		Labour
1955–1959 Parliament
8 November 1956	Cyril Banks		Conservative		Independent	Resigned whip over the Suez Crisis (Banks was friendly with Egypt). The whip was restored on 19 December 1958.
13 May 1957	Patrick Maitland		Conservative		Independent	Resigned whip over the Suez Crisis, wanting UK involvement in Suez to continue (whip restored 23 December 1957)
	John Biggs-Davison		Conservative		Independent	Resigned whip over the Suez Crisis, wanting UK involvement in Suez to continue (whip restored 11 July 1958)
	Anthony Fell		Conservative		Independent
	Victor Montagu		Conservative		Independent
	Lawrence Turner		Conservative		Independent
	Paul Williams		Conservative		Independent
	Angus Maude		Conservative		Independent	Resigned whip over the Suez Crisis, wanting UK involvement in Suez to continue and subsequently resigned their seat.
	Victor Raikes		Conservative		Independent
14 November 1957	Frank Medlicott		Conservative		Independent	Resigned whip over the Suez Crisis (Medlicott was opposed to the invasion). The whip was restored 21 November 1958.
30 January 1959	David Robertson		Conservative		Independent	Resigned whip over policy on the Scottish highlands.
1959–1964 Parliament
16 March 1961	William Baxter		Labour		Independent	Whip withdrawn for voting against the defence estimates. The whip was restored on 29 May 1963.
	S. O. Davies		Labour		Independent
	Michael Foot		Labour		Independent
	Emrys Hughes		Labour		Independent
	Sydney Silverman		Labour		Independent
22 March 1961	Alan Brown		Labour		Independent	Opposed to party defence policy.
22 March 1961	Konni Zilliacus		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended until January 1962 for writing critical article in Communist publication.
19 October 1961	William Duthie		Conservative		Independent	Resigned whip over policy on salmon fishing industry. The whip was restored on 15 November 1963.
4 May 1962	Alan Brown		Independent		Conservative
23 January 1964	Dr Donald Johnson		Conservative		Independent	Dispute with local party.
1966–1970 Parliament
10 July 1966	Geoffrey Hirst		Conservative		Ind. Conservative	Failed to persuade party to vote against Prices and Incomes Bill.
8 December 1966	Reginald Paget		Labour		Independent	Resigned the whip because of opposition to United Nations sanctions on Rhodesia. The whip was restored on 15 June 1967.
10 January 1968	Julian Ridsdale		National Liberal		Conservative	Party disbanded
	David Renton		National Liberal		Conservative
	Joan Vickers		National Liberal		Conservative
	John Nott		National Liberal		Conservative
18 January 1968	Desmond Donnelly		Labour		Independent	Opposed to defence cuts 'east of Suez'
31 January 1968	Frank Allaun		Labour		Independent Labour	whip suspended from 31 January 1968 to 29 February 1968.
	Norman Atkinson		Labour		Independent Labour
	Albert Booth		Labour		Independent Labour
	James Dickens		Labour		Independent Labour
	S. O. Davies		Labour		Independent Labour
	Michael Foot		Labour		Independent Labour
	Will Griffiths		Labour		Independent Labour
	Dr John Dunwoody		Labour		Independent Labour
	Eric Heffer		Labour		Independent Labour
	Willie Hamilton		Labour		Independent Labour
	Emrys Hughes		Labour		Independent Labour
	Peter Jackson		Labour		Independent Labour
	Anne Kerr		Labour		Independent Labour
	Russell Kerr		Labour		Independent Labour
	Malcolm Macmillan		Labour		Independent Labour
	John Mendelson		Labour		Independent Labour
	Stanley Newens		Labour		Independent Labour
	Christopher Norwood		Labour		Independent Labour
	Stan Orme		Labour		Independent Labour
	Trevor Park		Labour		Independent Labour
	John Ryan		Labour		Independent Labour
	Sydney Silverman		Labour		Independent Labour
	Tom Swain		Labour		Independent Labour
	Carol Johnson		Labour		Independent Labour
1970–1974 Parliament
24 August 1970	Gerry Fitt		Republican Labour		SDLP	Formed new party.
October 1970	Bernadette Devlin		Unity		Independent	Declared that she would sit in Parliament as an independent socialist
30 September 1971	Ian Paisley		Protestant Unionist		DUP	Protestant Unionists merged into new party.
16 February 1972	Ray Gunter		Labour		Independent Labour	Opposed to take-over of party by middle-class intellectuals.^[22]
6 October 1972	Dick Taverne		Labour		Democratic Labour	Dispute with local party. Simultaneously announced his intention to resign his seat and seek re-election.
18 December 1972	Stratton Mills		Ulster Unionist		Conservative	Chose to remain an "independent unionist and Conservative" when the UUP withdrew from the Conservative whip
29 April 1973	Stratton Mills		Conservative		Alliance
1974 Parliament
9 July 1974	Christopher Mayhew		Labour		Liberal	Believed Labour was too vulnerable to left takeover.
1974–1979 Parliament
11 October 1975	John Dunlop		Vanguard		UUUP	Split with leadership over proposal for voluntary power-sharing in Northern Ireland
24 October 1975	James Kilfedder		Ulster Unionist		Ind. Unionist	Opposed to the growth of support for the full integration of Northern Ireland into the United Kingdom, remained committed to devolution
19 November 1975	Robert Bradford		Vanguard		Ulster Unionist	Opposed to power-sharing.
7 April 1976	John Stonehouse		Labour		Independent	Believed new Prime Minister James Callaghan did not have a mandate.
14 April 1976	John Stonehouse		Independent		English National
26 July 1976	Jim Sillars		Labour		Scottish Labour	Resigned from Labour over public spending cuts.
26 July 1976	John Robertson		Labour		Scottish Labour	Resigned from Labour over public spending cuts.
8 October 1977	Reg Prentice		Labour		Conservative	Believed Labour should be defeated at the next election.^[23]
26 November 1977	William Craig		Vanguard		Ulster Unionist	Party wound up
1979–1983 Parliament
22 November 1979	Gerry Fitt		SDLP		Independent Socialist	Dispute with party over talks process.
17 January 1980	James Kilfedder		Ind. Unionist		Ulster Progressive Unionist Party	Formed party (renamed 'Ulster Popular Unionist Party' in March 1980).
20 February 1981	Richard Crawshaw		Labour		SDP	Resigned whip prior to launch of new party, which he joined on 2 March 1981.
20 February 1981	Tom Ellis		Labour		SDP	Resigned whip prior to launch of new party, which he joined on 2 March 1981.
2 March 1981	Tom Bradley		Labour		SDP	Formed new party.
	John Cartwright		Labour		SDP
	John Horam		Labour		SDP
	Robert Maclennan		Labour		SDP
	John Roper		Labour		SDP
	David Owen		Labour		SDP
	Bill Rodgers		Labour		SDP
	Neville Sandelson		Labour		SDP
	Mike Thomas		Labour		SDP
	Ian Wrigglesworth		Labour		SDP
16 March 1981	Christopher Brocklebank-Fowler		Conservative		SDP
19 March 1981	Edward Lyons		Labour		SDP
4 July 1981	James Wellbeloved		Labour		SDP
7 September 1981	Michael O'Halloran		Labour		SDP
1 October 1981	Dr Dickson Mabon		Labour		SDP
5 October 1981	Bob Mitchell		Labour		SDP
6 October 1981	David Ginsburg		Labour		SDP
7 October 1981	James Dunn		Labour		SDP
7 October 1981	Tom McNally		Labour		SDP
29 October 1981	Eric Ogden		Labour		SDP
16 November 1981	John Grant		Labour		SDP
30 November 1981	George Cunningham		Labour		Independent Labour
2 December 1981	Ronald Brown		Labour		SDP	Defected to the SDP^[24]
11 December 1981	Bruce Douglas-Mann		Labour		Independent Labour	Subsequently, resigned his seat and restood unsuccessfully for the Social Democratic Party.
	Jeffrey Thomas		Labour		SDP
	Ednyfed Hudson Davies		Labour		SDP
22 January 1982	Bryan Magee		Labour		Independent Labour
12 March 1982	Bryan Magee		Independent Labour		SDP
16 June 1982	George Cunningham		Independent Labour		SDP
2 August 1982	Robert Mellish		Labour		Independent Labour	Dispute with local party.^[25]
10 February 1983	Michael O'Halloran		SDP		Independent Labour	Not selected as a candidate for the subsequent election.
1983–1987 Parliament
31 January 1987	John Ryman		Labour		Independent
1987–1992 Parliament
3 March 1988	All 17 Liberal MPs		Liberal		Liberal Democrats	Merger of the SDP and the Liberal Party as the "Social and Liberal Democrats", later Liberal Democrats.
3 March 1988	Robert Maclennan		SDP		Liberal Democrats	Merger of the SDP and the Liberal Party as the "Social and Liberal Democrats", later Liberal Democrats.
3 March 1988	Charles Kennedy		SDP		Liberal Democrats
3 March 1988	Rosie Barnes		SDP		SDP	Objected to the SDP's merger with the Liberal Party.
	John Cartwright		SDP		SDP
	David Owen		SDP		SDP
19 May 1988	Ron Brown		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended over misconduct.
19 August 1988	Ron Brown		Independent		Labour	Whip restored.
14 March 1990	Dick Douglas		Labour		Independent	Opposed to party acquiescence in administering the Poll Tax.
24 May 1990	Rosie Barnes		SDP		Independent	Continuing SDP dissolved, sat as independent Social Democrats.
	John Cartwright		SDP		Independent
	David Owen		SDP		Independent
4 October 1990	Dick Douglas		Independent		SNP
25 September 1991	Dave Nellist		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended over links to the Militant tendency.
25 September 1991	Terry Fields		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended over links to the Militant tendency.
13 March 1992	John Browne		Conservative		Ind. Conservative	Whip removed for intention to stand against official candidate after he had been deselected.
1992–1997 Parliament
23 July 1993	Rupert Allason		Conservative		Ind. Conservative	Whip suspended until 1 July 1994 after failing to back Conservative government in confidence motion.
29 November 1994	Nicholas Budgen		Conservative		Ind. Conservative	Whip suspended until 24 April 1995 after failing to back Conservative government in confidence motion.
	Michael Carttiss		Conservative		Ind. Conservative
	Christopher Gill		Conservative		Ind. Conservative
	Teresa Gorman		Conservative		Ind. Conservative
	Antony Marlow		Conservative		Ind. Conservative
	Richard Shepherd		Conservative		Ind. Conservative
	Teddy Taylor		Conservative		Ind. Conservative
	John Wilkinson		Conservative		Ind. Conservative
	Richard Body		Conservative		Ind. Conservative
7 October 1995	Alan Howarth		Conservative		Labour
29 December 1995	Emma Nicholson		Conservative		Liberal Democrats	Resigned saying "The Conservative Party has changed so much, while my principles have not changed at all. I would argue that it is not so much a case of my leaving the party, but the party leaving me."^[26]
24 February 1996	Peter Thurnham		Conservative		Independent	Resigned over dismay at the Scott Report and the Nolan Report
13 October 1996	Peter Thurnham		Independent		Liberal Democrats
8 March 1997	George Gardiner		Conservative		Referendum	Resigned after being deselected by local Conservative association.^[27]
1997–2001 Parliament
21 November 1997	Peter Temple-Morris		Conservative		Independent 'One Nation Conservative'	Whip removed due to questioned commitment to the Party.
21 June 1998	Peter Temple-Morris		Independent 'One Nation Conservative'		Labour
9 September 1998	Tommy Graham		Labour		Independent 'Scottish Labour'	Expelled from Party over misconduct.
26 March 1999	Dennis Canavan		Labour		Independent	Expelled from Party after decision to stand for Scottish Parliament against official candidate.
18 December 1999	Shaun Woodward		Conservative		Labour	Direction of party under William Hague
6 March 2000	Ken Livingstone		Labour		Independent	Expelled from Party after decision to stand for Mayor of London against official candidate.
11 April 2001	Charles Wardle		Conservative		Independent	Whip removed after rumours of support for Independent candidate in forthcoming general election.
2001–2005 Parliament
10 December 2001	Paul Marsden		Labour		Liberal Democrats	Left Labour over the war in Afghanistan^[28]
2 October 2002	Andrew Hunter		Conservative		Ind. Conservative	Resigned whip in order to ally with the Democratic Unionist Party in Northern Ireland.^[29]
23 June 2003	David Burnside		Ulster Unionist		Ind. Unionist	Resigned whip over opposition to the Belfast Agreement. Accepted the whip back on 9 January 2004.
	Martin Smyth		Ulster Unionist		Ind. Unionist	Resigned whip over opposition to the Belfast Agreement. Accepted the whip back on 9 January 2004.
	Jeffrey Donaldson		Ulster Unionist		Ind. Unionist	Resigned whip over opposition to the Belfast Agreement.
23 October 2003	George Galloway		Labour		Independent	Expelled from Party after being found guilty of "bringing the party into disrepute"^[30]
9 January 2004	Jeffrey Donaldson		Ind. Unionist		DUP	Joined DUP
25 January 2004	George Galloway		Independent		Respect
25 January 2004	Ann Winterton		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended over misconduct for telling a joke which alluded to the recent death of 23 illegal immigrant Chinese cockle-pickers in Morecambe Bay.^[31]
31 March 2004	Ann Winterton		Independent		Conservative	Whip restored for apologising.^[32]
10 December 2004	Andrew Hunter		Ind. Conservative		DUP
15 January 2005	Robert Jackson		Conservative		Labour	Disagreement with party over higher education funding.
3 February 2005	Jonathan Sayeed		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended until 7 March 2005 over misconduct.
7 March 2005			Independent		Conservative	.
18 March 2005			Conservative		Independent	Whip withdrawn over misconduct.
25 March 2005	Howard Flight		Conservative		Independent	Whip withdrawn over controversial policy remarks.
6 April 2005	Paul Marsden		Liberal Democrats		Independent Labour	Declared support for Labour Party to win the impending general election.^[33]
25 April 2005	Brian Sedgemore		Labour		Liberal Democrats	Unhappy with the direction Labour were heading. Although this was one week before the election, Parliament had been dissolved on 11 April and Sedgemore was no longer a sitting MP.
2005–2010 Parliament
20 October 2006	Clare Short		Labour		Independent	Resigned whip. Declared support for a hung parliament at the next election.^[34]
26 June 2007	Quentin Davies		Conservative		Labour	Criticised the direction of the Conservative Party under leadership of David Cameron.^[35]
16 September 2007	Robert Wareing		Labour		Independent	Resigned whip after failing in a bid for reselection.
25 September 2007	Andrew Pelling		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended pending the conclusion of an investigation into the accusations he assaulted his wife, a case which was then dropped by the CPS.^[36]
29 January 2008	Derek Conway		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended pending the conclusion of an investigation into the accusations he misused his Parliamentary Allowances.
12 March 2008	Bob Spink		Conservative		Independent	Resigned from the Conservatives after disagreements with the party.
22 April 2008			Independent		UKIP	Joined UK Independence Party (UKIP)
November 2008			UKIP		Independent	Re-designated Independent stating he had never been a full member.^[37]
9 January 2010	Iris Robinson		DUP		Independent	Expelled from the DUP
8 February 2010	David Chaytor		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended over the United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal after criminal charges of false accounting were brought.
	Jim Devine		Labour		Independent
	Elliot Morley		Labour		Independent
25 March 2010	Sylvia, Lady Hermon		Ulster Unionist		Independent	Resigned from party due to opposition to the electoral pact between the Ulster Unionists and the Conservative Party.^[38]
2010–2015 Parliament
19 May 2010	Eric Illsley		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended over the United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal after criminal charges of false accounting were brought.
14 October 2010	Denis MacShane		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended over the United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal^[39]
23 February 2012	Eric Joyce		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended after drunkenly assaulting fellow politicians, including Stuart Andrew and Phil Wilson, on the parliamentary estate^[40]
5 July 2012	Denis MacShane		Independent		Labour	Retakes the whip after police decide not prosecute him over the United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal.
2 November 2012	Denis MacShane		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended after being found to have submitted false invoices for expenses during the United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal^[41]
4 November 2012	Nadine Dorries		Conservative		Independent	Whip removed after taking part in I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!^[42]
4 February 2013	Chris Huhne		Liberal Democrats		Independent	Suspended from the party after pleading guilty to perverting the course of justice.
8 May 2013	Nadine Dorries		Independent		Conservative	Whip returned^[43]
31 May 2013	Patrick Mercer		Conservative		Independent	Resigned the Conservative Party whip after an ongoing enquiry regarding allegations relating to lobbying.^[44]
4 June 2013	Mike Hancock		Liberal Democrats		Independent	Resigned from the Liberal Democrats after allegations of sexual offences were made against him.^[45]
19 July 2013	David Ward		Liberal Democrats		Independent	Whip withdrawn over anti Israel remarks.^[46]
10 September 2013	Nigel Evans		Conservative		Independent	Resigned from the Conservatives after allegations of sexual offences were made against him.^[47]^[48]
19 September 2013	David Ward		Independent		Liberal Democrats	Received whip back
10 April 2014	Nigel Evans		Independent		Conservative	Found not guilty on all charges, so returned to the Conservative benches
28 August 2014	Douglas Carswell		Conservative		UKIP	Defected and resigned as MP, triggering by-election which he won.^[49]
27 September 2014	Mark Reckless		Conservative		UKIP	Defected and resigned as MP, triggering by-election which he won.^[50]
22 February 2015	Jack Straw		Labour		Independent	Whip withdrawn after being secretly filmed apparently offering his services to a private company for cash.^[51]
23 February 2015	Sir Malcolm Rifkind		Conservative		Independent	Whip withdrawn after being secretly filmed apparently offering his services to a private company for cash.^[51]
2015–2017 Parliament
29 September 2015	Michelle Thomson		SNP		Independent	Resigned whip over allegations of mortgage fraud.^[52]
24 November 2015	Natalie McGarry		SNP		Independent	Resigned whip over allegations of funds going missing from the accounts of Women for Independence.^[53]
28 December 2015	Simon Danczuk		Labour		Independent	Suspended from the Labour Party following allegations of sending sexually explicit text messages to a 17-year-old girl.^[54]
27 April 2016	Naz Shah		Labour		Independent	Suspended from the Labour Party following allegations of making anti-semitic remarks.^[55]
5 July 2016	Naz Shah		Independent		Labour	Suspension overturned and reinstated to party after apologizing for remarks made.^[56]
25 March 2017	Douglas Carswell		UKIP		Independent	Left UKIP after internal disagreements and became an independent MP^[57]
2017–2019 Parliament
10 July 2017	Anne Marie Morris		Conservative		Independent	Suspended pending investigation over racist remarks alleged^[58]
25 October 2017	Jared O'Mara		Labour		Independent	Suspended pending investigation over sexist and homophobic comments
2 November 2017	Kelvin Hopkins		Labour		Independent	Suspended pending investigation due to sexual assault allegations
3 November 2017	Charlie Elphicke		Conservative		Independent	Suspended pending investigation due to sexual assault allegations
23 November 2017	Ivan Lewis		Labour		Independent	Suspended pending investigation due to sexual assault allegations^[59]
12 December 2017	Anne Marie Morris		Independent		Conservative	Re-admitted into the party^[60]
8 January 2018	Barry McElduff		Sinn Féin		Independent	Suspended over a joke seen as mocking IRA victims.
30 April 2018	John Woodcock		Labour		Independent	Suspended pending investigation due to sexual assault allegations^[61]
3 July 2018	Jared O'Mara		Independent		Labour	Re-admitted into the party^[62]
12 July 2018	Jared O'Mara		Labour		Independent	Resigned from the Labour Party^[63]
14 July 2018	Andrew Griffiths		Conservative		Independent	Suspended following sexting controversy
24 July 2018	Ian Paisley Jr		DUP		Independent	Suspended from party after failing to declare visits to Sri Lanka
30 August 2018	Frank Field		Labour		Independent	Resigned from the Labour Party in protest over anti-semitism and bullying within Labour^[64]
21 November 2018	Ian Paisley Jr		Independent		DUP	Suspension lifted and whip restored
6 December 2018	Stephen Lloyd		Liberal Democrats		Independent	Resigned from the Liberal Democrat whip over their call for a second EU referendum
12 December 2018	Charlie Elphicke		Independent		Conservative	Whip restored to support May's Government in a vote of no confidence^[65]^[66]
12 December 2018	Andrew Griffiths		Independent		Conservative
19 December 2018	Fiona Onasanya		Labour		Independent	Suspended, and later expelled, from the party after being convicted of perverting the course of justice^[67]
18 February 2019	Luciana Berger		Labour Co-op		Change UK	Formed new group^[68]
	Ann Coffey		Labour		Change UK
	Mike Gapes		Labour Co-op		Change UK
	Chris Leslie		Labour Co-op		Change UK
	Gavin Shuker		Labour Co-op		Change UK
	Angela Smith		Labour		Change UK
	Chuka Umunna		Labour		Change UK
19 February 2019	Joan Ryan		Labour		Change UK	Joined new group^[69]
20 February 2019	Heidi Allen		Conservative		Change UK	Joined new group
	Anna Soubry		Conservative		Change UK
	Sarah Wollaston		Conservative		Change UK
22 February 2019	Ian Austin		Labour		Independent	Resigned from the Labour Party in protest over alleged anti-semitism and bullying within Labour^[70]
27 February 2019	Chris Williamson		Labour		Independent	Suspended from the Labour Party as he claimed that the party was too apologetic over anti-semitism
1 April 2019	Nick Boles		Conservative		Independent	Resigned the Conservative Party whip over Brexit, taking the label "Independent Progressive Conservative"^[71]
4 June 2019	Heidi Allen		Change UK		Independent	Resigned from Change UK
	Luciana Berger		Change UK		Independent
	Gavin Shuker		Change UK		Independent
	Angela Smith		Change UK		Independent
	Chuka Umunna		Change UK		Independent
	Sarah Wollaston		Change UK		Independent
13 June 2019	Chuka Umunna		Independent		Liberal Democrats	Joined the Liberal Democrats.^[72]
26 June 2019	Chris Williamson		Independent		Labour	Reinstated by party
28 June 2019	Chris Williamson		Labour		Independent	Suspended again^[73]
10 July 2019	Heidi Allen		Independent		The Independents	Formed new group^[74]
	Luciana Berger		Independent		The Independents
	Gavin Shuker		Independent		The Independents
	Angela Smith		Independent		The Independents
	John Woodcock		Independent		The Independents
22 July 2019	Charlie Elphicke		Conservative		Independent	Suspended once again after being charged with sexual assault^[75]
14 August 2019	Sarah Wollaston		Independent		Liberal Democrats	Joined the Liberal Democrats^[76]
3 September 2019	Phillip Lee		Conservative		Liberal Democrats	Physically crossed the floor during a statement by prime minister Boris Johnson to join the Liberal Democrats^[77]
	Guto Bebb		Conservative		Independent	Suspended from the party over defying whip during vote against no-deal Brexit^[78]
	Richard Benyon		Conservative		Independent
	Steve Brine		Conservative		Independent
	Alistair Burt		Conservative		Independent
	Greg Clark		Conservative		Independent
	Kenneth Clarke		Conservative		Independent
	David Gauke		Conservative		Independent
	Justine Greening		Conservative		Independent
	Dominic Grieve		Conservative		Independent
	Sam Gyimah		Conservative		Independent
	Philip Hammond		Conservative		Independent
	Stephen Hammond		Conservative		Independent
	Richard Harrington		Conservative		Independent
	Margot James		Conservative		Independent
	Sir Oliver Letwin		Conservative		Independent
	Anne Milton		Conservative		Independent
	Caroline Nokes		Conservative		Independent
	Antoinette Sandbach		Conservative		Independent
	Sir Nicholas Soames		Conservative		Independent
	Rory Stewart		Conservative		Independent
	Ed Vaizey		Conservative		Independent
5 September 2019	Luciana Berger		The Independents		Liberal Democrats
7 September 2019	Amber Rudd		Conservative		Independent	Resigned from the Cabinet and surrendered the Conservative whip
7 September 2019	Angela Smith		The Independents		Liberal Democrats	Joined the Liberal Democrats.
14 September 2019	Sam Gyimah		Independent		Liberal Democrats	Joined the Liberal Democrats.
22 September 2019	Mike Hill		Labour		Independent	Suspended from the party over allegations of sexual assault.
7 October 2019	Stephen Hepburn		Labour		Independent	Suspended from the party over allegations of sexual assault.
7 October 2019	Heidi Allen		The Independents		Liberal Democrats	Joined the Liberal Democrats.
16 October 2019	Louise Ellman		Labour		Independent	Resigned from Labour in protest over Jeremy Corbyn.
21 October 2019	Mike Hill		Independent		Labour	Reinstated after allegations of sexual harassment were dropped.
29 October 2019	Alistair Burt		Independent		Conservative	Whip restored
	Caroline Nokes		Independent		Conservative
	Greg Clark		Independent		Conservative
	Sir Nicholas Soames		Independent		Conservative
	Ed Vaizey		Independent		Conservative
	Margot James		Independent		Conservative
	Richard Benyon		Independent		Conservative
	Steve Brine		Independent		Conservative
	Stephen Hammond		Independent		Conservative
	Richard Harrington		Independent		Conservative
	Stephen Lloyd		Independent		Liberal Democrats	Rejoined the Liberal Democrats.
31 October 2019	Antoinette Sandbach		Independent		Liberal Democrats	Joined the Liberal Democrats.^[79]
2019–2024 Parliament
13 December 2019	Neale Hanvey		SNP		Independent	Whip suspended from party over anti-semitic social media posts.^[80]
23 May 2020	Jonathan Edwards		Plaid Cymru		Independent	Whip suspended after being arrested on suspicion of assault.^[81]
2 June 2020	Neale Hanvey		Independent		SNP	Re-admitted to the party after a 6-month suspension.^[82]
15 July 2020	Julian Lewis		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended after "working with Labour and other opposition MPs for his own advantage".^[83]
28 September 2020	Claudia Webbe		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended, and later expelled from party, over allegations of harassment.^[84]
1 October 2020	Margaret Ferrier		SNP		Independent	Whip suspended from party after breaking COVID-19 travel restrictions.^[85]
29 October 2020	Jeremy Corbyn		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended from party for comments made after the release of a report that found the Labour Party under his leadership allowed anti-semitism and harassment of Jewish members.^[86] Reinstated to the party on 17 November 2020 but whip not restored by Sir Keir Starmer.^[87]
30 December 2020	Julian Lewis		Independent		Conservative	Whip restored.
27 March 2021	Kenny MacAskill		SNP		Alba	Resigned from the SNP to join the newly established Alba Party.^[88]
28 March 2021	Neale Hanvey		SNP		Alba	Resigned from the SNP to join the newly established Alba Party.
25 May 2021	Rob Roberts		Conservative		Independent	Whip removed and suspended from Parliament for six weeks after an independent panel found he sexually harassed a member of his staff.
18 June 2021	Imran Ahmad Khan		Conservative		Independent	Whip withdrawn after being charged with sexual assault on a 15-year old boy.
12 January 2022	Anne Marie Morris		Conservative		Independent	Whip withdrawn after rebelling against the government on an opposition day motion to cut VAT on energy bills.^[89]
19 January 2022	Christian Wakeford		Conservative		Labour	Resigned from the Conservative Party and joined the Labour Party after expressing no-confidence in Boris Johnson, as result of his actions following revelations over drinking and partying in Downing Street during the UK's lockdowns.^[90]
11 February 2022	Neil Coyle		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended, following allegations of making racist comments to a journalist.^[91]
2 April 2022	David Warburton		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended following allegations of sexual assault and possession of cocaine.^[92]
29 April 2022	Neil Parish		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended following allegations of watching pornography whilst in the Commons.^[93]
12 May 2022	Anne Marie Morris		Independent		Conservative	Whip restored after suspension.
26 June 2022	Patrick Grady		SNP		Independent	Resigned from the SNP following allegations of sexual assault.^[94]
1 July 2022	Christopher Pincher		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended following an investigation of him drunkenly groping two men.^[95]
19 July 2022	Tobias Ellwood		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended for missing a confidence vote on Boris Johnson's government.^[96]
7 September 2022	Nick Brown		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended, following a complaint that had been made against him.^[97]
27 September 2022	Rupa Huq		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended, after being accused of making a racist comment about Chancellor Kwasi Kwarteng at the Labour conference.^[98]
7 October 2022	Conor Burns		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended after being sacked over an allegation of serious misconduct.^[99]
13 October 2022	Christina Rees		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended, after allegations of bullying her constituency staff.^[100]
14 October 2022	Tobias Ellwood		Independent		Conservative	Whip restored.
21 October 2022	Chris Matheson		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended, after allegations of sexual misconduct.^[101]
1 November 2022	Matt Hancock		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended after taking part in I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!^[102]
3 December 2022	Conor Burns		Independent		Conservative	Whip restored.
7 December 2022	Julian Knight		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended after a complaint about him was made to the Metropolitan Police.^[103]
7 December 2022	Conor McGinn		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended and was suspended from the Labour Party pending the investigation of a complaint.^[104]
29 December 2022	Patrick Grady		Independent		SNP	Whip restored.
11 January 2023	Andrew Bridgen		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended after spreading misinformation about COVID-19 vaccination.^[105]
3 March 2023	Rupa Huq		Independent		Labour	Whip restored.
5 April 2023	Scott Benton		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended after admitting to lobbying ministers following a sting by The Times.^[106]
23 April 2023	Diane Abbott		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended after remarks made in The Observer.^[107]
10 May 2023	Andrew Bridgen		Independent		Reclaim	Joined the Reclaim Party.^[108]
24 May 2023	Neil Coyle		Independent		Labour	Whip restored.
1 June 2023	Geraint Davies		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended following complaints of "unacceptable behaviour".^[109]
9 June 2023	Bambos Charalambous		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended after a complaint was made against him.^[110]
5 July 2023	Angus MacNeil		SNP		Independent	Whip suspended for a week following a row with the party's chief whip.^[111]
12 October 2023	Lisa Cameron		SNP		Conservative	Defected to the Conservative Party citing 'toxic and bullying' treatment from colleagues.^[112]
18 October 2023	Peter Bone		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended after an investigation found that he had bullied staff and was sexually inappropriate towards a former member of staff.^[113]
26 October 2023	Crispin Blunt		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended after being arrested on suspicion of rape and possession of drugs.^[114]
30 October 2023	Andy McDonald		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended for making “deeply offensive” remarks made at a speech during a pro-Palestine rally.^[115]
4 November 2023	Bob Stewart		Conservative		Independent	Surrendered the whip after being found guilty of racially abusing an activist.^[116]
20 December 2023	Andrew Bridgen		Reclaim		Independent	Left the Reclaim Party.^[117]
5 January 2024	Chris Skidmore		Conservative		Independent	Left the Conservative Party and resigned as an MP, triggering a by-election, over the governmental decision to allow more oil and gas fracking licences.^[118]
28 January 2024	Kate Osamor		Labour		Independent	Whip suspended following comments made that the events in Gaza should be remembered on Holocaust Memorial Day.^[119]
1 February 2024	Christina Rees		Independent		Labour	Whip restored, following an apology.^[120]
24 February 2024	Lee Anderson		Conservative		Independent	Whip suspended for making Islamaphobic comments about Sadiq Khan, and refusing to apologise for them.^[121]
11 March 2024	Lee Anderson		Independent		Reform UK	Joined Reform UK following suspension from Conservative Party.^[122]
13 March 2024	Andy McDonald		Independent		Labour	Labour Whip restored following investigation over use of controversial phrase.^[123]
29 March 2024	Jeffrey Donaldson		DUP		Independent	Party membership suspended following charges of historic sex offences.^[124]
9 April 2024	William Wragg		Conservative		Independent	Resigned Tory Whip following the leaking of fellow MP's personal numbers following the sharing of explicit images through a dating app.^[125]
12 April 2024	Bambos Charalambous		Independent		Labour	Whip restored following results of investigation.^[126]
17 April 2024	Mark Menzies		Conservative		Independent	Whip removed pending investigation of allegations of misuse of campaign funds.^[127]
27 April 2024	Dan Poulter		Conservative		Labour	Defected to Labour, describing the Conservatives as "a nationalist party of the right" which "no longer prioritises the NHS".^[128]

Members of Parliament who were suspended from their parliamentary party

These MPs were suspended by their Parliamentary Parties but continued to receive the Whip.

More information Date, Member ...

Date	Member		Notes
22 March 2010	Patricia Hewitt	Labour	Suspended over the allegations from the 2010 Cash for Influence Scandal^[129]
	Geoff Hoon	Labour
	Stephen Byers	Labour
	Margaret Moran	Labour
5 November 2010	Phil Woolas	Labour	Suspended after being found to have breached the Representation of the People Act 1983; his 2010 general election victory was declared void and he was barred from holding public office for 3 years;^[130]

Members of the House of Lords who have changed party affiliation

The House of Lords is not a popularly elected body.

More information Date, Member ...

Date	Member			Notes
1700–present
1703	John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll	Tory	Whig	Critic of the Tories.
1710	Richard Savage, 4th Earl Rivers	Whig	Tory
1711	John Ashburnham, 1st Earl of Ashburnham	Tory	Whig
1783	Augustus Keppel, 1st Viscount Keppel	Whig	Independent	Resigning as a protest against the Peace of Paris^[131]
1793	William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam	Whig	Independent	Resigned over disagreements with the party over involvement in the French Revolutionary Wars^[132]
1793	William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland	Whig	Independent
1794	William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland	Independent	Tory
1794	Frederick Howard, 5th Earl of Carlisle	Whig	Tory
1801	Thomas Pelham, 2nd Earl of Chichester	Whig	Tory
1802	Edward Law, 1st Baron Ellenborough	Whig	Tory
1812	George James Cholmondeley, 4th Earl of Cholmondeley	Whig	Tory
1830	Ulick de Burgh, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde	Tory	Whig
1834	Francis Conyngham, 2nd Marquess Conyngham	Tory	Whig
	Charles Gordon-Lennox, 5th Duke of Richmond	Whig	Conservative	Resigned as Postmaster General of the United Kingdom
	Frederick Robinson, 1st Earl of Ripon	Whig	Conservative	Resigned as Lord Privy Seal
1846	George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen	Conservative	Peelite	Resigned as Foreign Secretary
	Henry Pelham-Clinton, 5th Duke of Newcastle	Conservative	Peelite	Resigned as Chief Secretary for Ireland
	Edward Eliot, 3rd Earl of St Germans	Conservative	Peelite	Resigned as Postmaster General of the United Kingdom
1853	Charles Canning, 1st Earl Canning	Conservative	Peelite	Resigned as Commissioner of Woods and Forests
1855	Charles Somers-Cocks, 3rd Earl Somers	Conservative	Whig
1884	Lawrence Dundas, 1st Marquess of Zetland	Liberal	Conservative
1886	Edward Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby	Liberal	Liberal Unionist
	Charles Pelham, 4th Earl of Yarborough	Liberal	Liberal Unionist
	Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire	Liberal	Liberal Unionist
	Francis Russell, 9th Duke of Bedford	Liberal	Liberal Unionist
	Chichester Parkinson-Fortescue, 1st Baron Carlingford	Liberal	Liberal Unionist
	Richard de Aquila Grosvenor, 1st Baron Stalbridge	Liberal	Liberal Unionist
	Thomas Baring, 1st Earl of Northbrook	Liberal	Liberal Unionist
	Edward Hyde Villiers, 5th Earl of Clarendon	Liberal	Liberal Unionist
	Hugh Grosvenor, 1st Duke of Westminster	Liberal	Liberal Unionist
	Francis Russell, 9th Duke of Bedford	Liberal	Liberal Unionist
	Roundell Palmer, 1st Earl of Selborne	Liberal	Liberal Unionist
	Albert Parker, 3rd Earl of Morley	Liberal	Liberal Unionist
	Richard Dawson, 1st Earl of Dartrey	Liberal	Liberal Unionist
	Thomas Spring Rice, 2nd Baron Monteagle of Brandon	Liberal	Liberal Unionist
	George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll	Liberal	Independent	Resigned over disagreements on Irish Home Rule.^[133]
1891	All Irish Conservative peers	Irish Conservative	Irish Unionist	Conservatives in Ireland merged into new party.^[3]
1895	Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne	Liberal	Liberal Unionist
1904	Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire	Liberal Unionist	Conservative
1904	Ivor Guest, 1st Baron Wimborne	Conservative	Liberal
1905	Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne	Liberal Unionist	Conservative
1912	William Palmer, 2nd Earl of Selborne	Liberal Unionist	Conservative	Conservative and Liberal Unionist parties merged.
1920	John Wodehouse, 2nd Earl of Kimberley	Liberal	Labour
1924	Maurice Towneley-O'Hagan, 3rd Baron O'Hagan	Liberal	Conservative
1923	Richard Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane	Liberal	Labour
1924	Charles Cripps, 1st Baron Parmoor	Conservative	Labour	To serve as Lord President of the Council in the First MacDonald ministry.
1945	Frederick James Marquis, 1st Earl of Woolton	Independent	Conservative
1947	Charles Kerr, 1st Baron Teviot	National Liberal	Conservative
1948	Oswald Phipps, 4th Marquess of Normanby	Conservative	Labour
1950	Oswald Phipps, 4th Marquess of Normanby	Labour	Independent	^[134]
1959	David Rees Rees-Williams, 1st Baron Ogmore	Labour	Liberal
1975	Alan Mais, Baron Mais	Labour	Liberal
1979	Alfred Robens, Baron Robens of Woldingham	Labour	Conservative	Unhappy with how left wing the Labour Party was becoming.
	Alun Jones, Baron Chalfont	Labour	Independent
	Richard Marsh, Baron Marsh	Labour	Independent
1981	George Brown, Baron George-Brown	Labour	SDP
	Elaine Burton, Baroness Burton of Coventry	Labour	SDP
	Hugh Cudlipp, Baron Cudlipp	Labour	SDP
	John Diamond, Baron Diamond	Labour	SDP
	Jack Donaldson, Baron Donaldson of Kingsbridge	Labour	SDP
	John Harris, Baron Harris of Greenwich	Labour	SDP
	Derek Page, Baron Whaddon	Labour	SDP
	Walter Perry, Baron Perry of Walton	Labour	SDP
	Stephen Taylor, Baron Taylor	Labour	SDP
	Thomas Taylor, Baron Taylor of Gryfe	Labour	SDP
	Henry Walston, Baron Walston	Labour	SDP
	Henry Wilson, Baron Wilson of Langside	Labour	SDP
	Ian Winterbottom, Baron Winterbottom	Labour	SDP
1982	Andrew Cavendish, 11th Duke of Devonshire	Conservative	SDP
	John Edward Poynder Grigg, 2nd Baron Altrincham	Conservative	SDP
	Wayland Hilton Young, 2nd Baron Kennet	Labour	SDP
	Martin Attlee, 2nd Earl Attlee	Labour	SDP
	Herbert Bowden, Baron Aylestone	Labour	SDP
	Robert Hall, Baron Roberthall	Independent	SDP
	Alan Sainsbury, Baron Sainsbury	Labour	SDP
	Hartley Shawcross, Baron Shawcross	Labour	SDP
	Phyllis Stedman, Baroness Stedman	Labour	SDP
	George Thomson, Baron Thomson of Monifieth	Labour	SDP
	Henry Wilson, Baron Wilson of Langside	Labour	SDP
1986	Bob Mellish, Baron Mellish	Labour	SDP
1988	Phyllis Stedman, Baroness Stedman	SDP	SDP	Opposed the SDP's merger with the Liberals
	Robert Skidelsky, Baron Skidelsky	SDP	SDP
	John Diamond, Baron Diamond	SDP	SDP
	Elaine Burton, Baroness Burton of Coventry	SDP	Independent	SDP merged with Liberals
1990	Phyllis Stedman, Baroness Stedman	SDP	Independent	Continuing SDP dissolved
	John Diamond, Baron Diamond	SDP	Independent
	Robert Skidelsky, Baron Skidelsky	SDP	Independent
1992	Robert Skidelsky, Baron Skidelsky	Independent	Conservative	Joined Conservatives^[135]
1995	John Diamond, Baron Diamond	Independent	Labour
1997	David Alton, Baron Alton of Liverpool	Liberal Democrats	Independent	Was unhappy with the pro-choice stance of certain colleagues
	John Attlee, 3rd Earl Attlee	Independent	Conservative
	Vere Harmsworth, 3rd Viscount Rothermere	Conservative	Labour	Over the parties' policies
1998	David Hacking, 3rd Baron Hacking	Conservative	Labour	Over the parties' European policies
	Hugh Thomas, Baron Thomas of Swynnerton	Conservative	Liberal Democrats	Over the parties' policies
	Cherry Drummond, 16th Baroness Strange	Conservative	Independent	Over reduction in the number of hereditary peers^[136]
1999	Timothy Beaumont, Baron Beaumont of Whitley	Liberal Democrats	Green	Objected to the party's support of free trade
2000	Barbara Young, Baroness Young of Old Scone	Labour	Independent	After taking up an appointment as Chief Executive of Environment Agency^[137]
2000	Jeffrey Archer, Baron Archer of Weston-super-Mare	Conservative	Independent	Expelled after being jailed for perjury and perverting the course of justice.
2001	Robert Skidelsky, Baron Skidelsky	Conservative	Independent
2002	David Stoddart, Baron Stoddart of Swindon	Labour	Independent	Expelled for backing a Socialist Alliance candidate
2004	Edward Haughey, Baron Ballyedmond	Ulster Unionist	Conservative
May 2004	Malcolm Pearson, Baron Pearson of Rannoch	Conservative	Independent	Expelled for backing UKIP^[138]
	Leopold Verney, 21st Baron Willoughby de Broke	Conservative	Independent	Expelled for backing UKIP
	David Robert Stevens, Baron Stevens of Ludgate	Conservative	Independent
	Caroline Cox, Baroness Cox	Conservative	Independent
2005	Craig Mackinlay	UKIP	Conservative	In 2005, following Nigel Farage's loss in Thanet South, Mackinlay joined the Conservatives. In 2015, he was selected by the Conservative Party as their prospective Parliamentary candidate for the Thanet South constituency in 2015,^[139] where he beat Farage following a "controversial campaign".^[140]
September 2005	Christopher Haskins, Baron Haskins	Labour	Independent	Expelled for donating £2,500 to Liberal Democrats
November 2005	Mike Watson, Baron Watson of Invergowrie	Labour	Independent	Expelled after being convicted of arson^[141]
January 2007	Conrad Black, Baron Black of Crossharbour	Conservative	Independent	Expelled after being convicted of fraud^[142]
	David Trimble, Baron Trimble	Ulster Unionist	Conservative	Joined the Conservatives "to have a greater impact on politics in the United Kingdom"^[143]
	Malcolm Pearson, Baron Pearson of Rannoch	Independent	UKIP	Joined UKIP
	Leopold Verney, 21st Baron Willoughby de Broke	Independent	UKIP	Joined UKIP
March 2008	Shreela Flather, Baroness Flather	Conservative	Independent	Resigned^[144]
February 2009	Nazir Ahmed, Baron Ahmed	Labour	Independent	Expelled after being convicted of dangerous driving.
May 2009	Thomas Taylor, Baron Taylor of Blackburn	Labour	Independent	Suspended over Cash for Influence
May 2009	Peter Truscott, Baron Truscott	Labour	Independent	Suspended over Cash for Influence
June 2009	Stanley Kalms, Baron Kalms	Conservative	Independent	Expelled for backing UKIP
February 2010	Paul White, Baron Hanningfield	Conservative	Independent	Expelled due to Parliamentary expenses scandal
July 2010	John Taylor, Baron Taylor of Warwick	Conservative	Independent	Resigned due to Parliamentary expenses scandal
October 2010	Pola Uddin, Baroness Uddin	Labour	Independent	Expelled due to Parliamentary expenses scandal
	Swraj Paul, Baron Paul	Labour	Independent
	Amir Bhatia, Baron Bhatia	Labour	Independent
February 2011	Anthony Jacobs, Baron Jacobs	Liberal Democrats	Independent	Due to opposition to party policies on taxation.
February 2011	Lucius Cary, 15th Viscount Falkland	Liberal Democrats	Independent	Due to opposition to direction of the party
February 2012	Jenny Tonge, Baroness Tonge	Liberal Democrats	Independent	Quit the party rather than apologise due to strong criticisms of Israel.^[145]^[146]
April 2012	Nazir Ahmed, Baron Ahmed	Labour	Independent	Suspended for comments made about America^[147]
June 2012	Nazir Ahmed, Baron Ahmed	Independent	Labour	Suspension lifted after investigation clears Ahmed.^[148]
June 2012	Ken Maginnis, Baron Maginnis of Drumglass	Ulster Unionist	Independent	Resigned from the party over his anti-gay remarks^[149]
July 2012	Mike Watson, Baron Watson of Invergowrie	Independent	Labour	Re-admitted to the Labour Party.
September 2012	David Robert Stevens, Baron Stevens of Ludgate	Independent	UKIP	Joined UKIP^[150]
March 2013	Nazir Ahmed, Baron Ahmed	Labour	Independent	Suspended for alleged antisemitism^[151]
June 2013	Brian Mackenzie, Baron Mackenzie of Framwellgate	Labour	Independent	Suspended after being found to have offered to lobby for a firm in return for cash
	Jack Cunningham, Baron Cunningham of Felling	Labour	Independent
	John Laird, Baron Laird	Ulster Unionist	Independent
January 2014	Chris Rennard, Baron Rennard	Liberal Democrats	Independent	Suspended for refusing to apologise over sexual assault claims^[152]
May 2014	Matthew Oakeshott, Baron Oakeshott of Seagrove Bay	Liberal Democrats	Independent	Due to opposition to direction of the party
August 2014	Chris Rennard, Baron Rennard	Independent	Liberal Democrats	Re admitted to the Liberal Democrats
March 2015	Paul Strasburger, Baron Strasburger	Liberal Democrats	Independent	Resigned over donor allegations^[153]
March 2015	Qurban Hussain, Baron Hussain	Liberal Democrats	Independent	Resigned after illegally bringing a child into the UK from Pakistan^[154]
May 2015	Barbara Young, Baroness Young of Old Scone	Independent	Labour	Rejoined the party
May 2015	Alan Sugar, Baron Sugar	Labour	Independent	Resigned from the party over its direction^[155]
July 2015	John Sewel, Baron Sewel	Labour	Independent	Suspended from party following reports of an orgy featuring prostitutes and cocaine.^[156]
September 2015	Ros Altmann, Baroness Altmann	Labour	Conservative	Expelled after it was discovered she had been a Labour member at the time she was already a Conservative minister.^[157]
October 2015	Andrew Adonis, Baron Adonis	Labour	Independent	Relinquished the Labour whip while heading a commission on major infrastructure projects.
	Norman Warner, Baron Warner	Labour	Independent	Resigned in protest at the direction the party was heading under Jeremy Corbyn.
	Anthony Grabiner, Baron Grabiner	Labour	Independent
September 2016	Emma Nicholson, Baroness Nicholson of Winterbourne	Liberal Democrats	Conservative	Disagreed with the party's view on the European Union and grammar schools.
	Zahida Manzoor, Baroness Manzoor	Liberal Democrats	Conservative
	Jim O'Neill, Baron O'Neill of Gatley	Conservative	Independent	Resigned over concerns that May was not committed to the 'Northern Powerhouse'^[158]
September 2016	Parry Mitchell, Baron Mitchell	Labour	Independent	Resigned in protest at the direction the party was heading under Jeremy Corbyn.^[159]
January 2017	Alex Carlile, Baron Carlile of Berriew	Liberal Democrats	Independent	Disagreed with the party's direction.^[160]
September 2018	Anthony Lester, Baron Lester of Herne Hill	Liberal Democrats	Independent	Suspended over allegations of sexual harassment^[161]
December 2018	Leopold Verney, 21st Baron Willoughby de Broke	UKIP	Independent	Quit the party
December 2018	David Robert Stevens, Baron Stevens of Ludgate	UKIP	Independent	Quit the party over Gerard Batten's support and hiring of Tommy Robinson^[162]
March 2019	David Steel, Baron Steel of Aikwood	Liberal Democrats	Independent	Suspended after he stated that he was aware Cyril Smith had been a child abuser.^[163]
May 2019	David Steel, Baron Steel of Aikwood	Independent	Liberal Democrats	Re-admitted to the party^[164]
	Michael Heseltine, Baron Heseltine	Conservative	Independent	Suspended over his support for the Lib Dems during the 2019 EU election^[165]
	Andrew Cooper, Baron Cooper of Windrush	Conservative	Independent	Suspended over his support for the Lib Dems during the 2019 EU election^{[citation needed]}
	Michael Cashman, Baron Cashman	Labour	Independent	Resigned over his support for the Lib Dems during the 2019 EU election^[166]
	Lewis Moonie, Baron Moonie	Labour	Independent	Suspended from the party over allegations of transphobia.^[167]
July 2019	Chris Holmes, Baron Holmes of Richmond	Conservative	Independent	Suspended due to allegations of sexual assault^[168]
July 2019	David Triesman, Baron Triesman	Labour	Independent	Resigned over antisemitism within the Labour Party under Jeremy Corbyn^[169]^[170]
	Leslie Turnberg, Baron Turnberg	Labour	Independent
	Ara Darzi, Baron Darzi of Denham	Labour	Independent
October 2019	Andrew Stone, Baron Stone of Blackheath	Labour	Independent	Suspended from the party over allegations of sexual assault and transphobia.^[171]
October 2019	Malcolm Pearson, Baron Pearson of Rannoch	UKIP	Independent	Quit the party over party infighting.^{[citation needed]}
January 2020	David Lea, Baron Lea of Crondall	Labour	Independent	Suspended from the party over allegations of stalking women.^[172]
February 2020	David Steel, Baron Steel of Aikwood	Liberal Democrats	Independent	Resigned after a report found he did not act on allegations of child abuse by Cyril Smith.^[173]
June 2020	Parry Mitchell, Baron Mitchell	Independent	Labour	Rejoined because of Keir Starmer's handling of antisemitism within the party.^[174]
	David Triesman, Baron Triesman	Independent	Labour
	Leslie Turnberg, Baron Turnberg	Independent	Labour
October 2020	Chris Holmes, Baron Holmes of Richmond	Independent	Conservative	Re-admitted after being found not guilty of sexual assault.^[175]
November 2020	Meghnad Desai, Baron Desai	Labour	Independent	Resigned over antisemitism within the Labour Party.^[176]
October 2021	Margaret Ritchie, Baroness Ritchie of Downpatrick	Independent	Labour	Joined Labour.^[177]
November 2022	Michelle Mone, Baroness Mone	Conservative	Independent	Whip removed over PPE contracts controversy.^[178]
December 2022	Charles Chetwynd-Talbot, 22nd Earl of Shrewsbury	Conservative	Independent	Whip removed after being found to have lobbied for pay for companies during the COVID-19 pandemic against parliamentary rules.^[179]
December 2022	Mary Goudie, Baroness Goudie	Labour	Independent	Whip removed following committee report finding her to have been guilty of agreeing to provide parliamentary advice in return for payment.^[179]
July 2023	Mary Goudie, Baroness Goudie	Independent	Labour	Readmitted after six month expulsion

Members of the European Parliament who have changed party affiliation

More information Date, Member ...

Date	Member			Notes
1979–1984 Parliament
January 1984	Michael Gallagher	Labour	SDP	Created new party
1994–1999 Parliament
June 1997	Ken Coates	Labour	Scottish Socialist	Expelled from the Labour Party
June 1997	Hugh Kerr	Labour	Scottish Socialist	Expelled from the Labour Party
January 1998	James Moorhouse	Conservative	Liberal Democrats	Joined the Lib Dems after being de-selected
March 1999	Brendan Donnelly	Conservative	Pro-Euro Conservative	Created new party
March 1999	John Stevens	Conservative	Pro-Euro Conservative	Created new party
May 1999	Christine Oddy	Labour	Independent	Expelled from the Labour Party^[180]
1999–2004 Parliament
February 2000	Michael Holmes	UKIP	Independent	Quit the party after power struggle with UKIP's National Executive Committee^[181]
July 2000	Bill Newton Dunn	Conservative	Liberal Democrats	Joined the Lib Dems
August 2002	Richard Balfe	Labour	Conservative	Expelled from the Labour Party
2004–2009 Parliament
July 2004	Ashley Mote	UKIP	Independent	Expelled from UKIP after being jailed for fraud^[182]
January 2005	Robert Kilroy-Silk	UKIP	Veritas	Created new party, and then went independent.
March 2007	Tom Wise	UKIP	Independent	Expelled from UKIP (Pending fraud trial)
March 2007	Jim Allister	DUP	TUV	Created new party
November 2007	Sajjad Karim	Liberal Democrats	Conservative	Joined the Conservatives^[183]
June 2008	Den Dover	Conservative	Independent	Expelled from the Conservatives for violating European Parliament expenses rules^[184]
2009–2014 Parliament
September 2009	Edward McMillan-Scott	Conservative	Independent	Expelled from the Conservatives^[185]
January 2010	Nikki Sinclaire	UKIP	Independent	Expelled from UKIP for "extreme views"^[186]
March 2010	Edward McMillan-Scott	Independent	Liberal Democrats	Joined the Lib Dems^[187]
May 2011	David Campbell Bannerman	UKIP	Conservative	Re-joined the Conservatives^[188]
March 2012	Roger Helmer	Conservative	UKIP	Joined UKIP^[189]
October 2012	Andrew Brons	BNP	Independent	Quit the party^[190]
February 2013	Marta Andreasen	UKIP	Conservative	Joined the Conservatives.^[191]
September 2013	Mike Nattrass	UKIP	Independent	Deselected by UKIP for the 2014 European election. He subsequently resigned from the party calling Farage's leadership "totalitarian"^[192]
September 2013	Godfrey Bloom	UKIP	Independent	Whip withdrawn due to inappropriate comments^[193]
2014–2019 Parliament
January 2015	Amjad Bashir	UKIP	Conservative	Joined the Conservatives.^[194]
March 2015	Janice Atkinson	UKIP	Independent	Suspended and then later expelled from UKIP due to allegations of impropriety^[195]
October 2016	Steven Woolfe	UKIP	Independent	Quit the party^[196]
November 2016	Diane James	UKIP	Independent	Quit the party^[197]
October 2017	Richard Ashworth	Conservative	Independent	Suspended from party and whip withdrawn
October 2017	Julie Girling	Conservative	Independent	Suspended from party and whip withdrawn
January 2018	Jonathan Arnott	UKIP	Independent	Quit the party, stating leader Henry Bolton "not the right person for the job"^[198]
May 2018	James Carver	UKIP	Independent	Quit the party over leader Gerard Batten's support for Tommy Robinson^[199]
September 2018	William Legge, 10th Earl of Dartmouth	UKIP	Independent	Quit the party, labelling it "homophobic and anti-Islamic"^[200]
October 2018	Bill Etheridge	UKIP	Libertarian	Defected to the Libertarian Party.^[201]
November 2018	Louise Bours	UKIP	Independent	Quit the party^[202]
November 2018	Patrick O'Flynn	UKIP	SDP	Joined the extant SDP.^[203]
December 2018	Nigel Farage	UKIP	Independent	Quit the party.^[204]
	Nathan Gill	UKIP	Independent	Quit the party.^[205]
	David Coburn	UKIP	Independent	Quit the party.^[206]
	Paul Nuttall	UKIP	Independent	Quit the party.^[207]
	Tim Aker	UKIP	Thurrock Ind.	Quit the party^[207]
	Julia Reid	UKIP	Independent	Quit the party.^[208]
	Jonathan Bullock	UKIP	Independent	Quit the party.^[209]
November 2018	Diane James	Independent	Brexit Party	Joined the Brexit Party
	David Coburn	Independent	Brexit Party
	Nigel Farage	Independent	Brexit Party
	Nathan Gill	Independent	Brexit Party
	Julia Reid	Independent	Brexit Party
	Tim Aker	Thurrock Ind.	Brexit Party
	Jonathan Bullock	Independent	Brexit Party
	Bill Etheridge	Libertarian	Brexit Party
	Paul Nuttall	Independent	Brexit Party
April 2019	Jill Seymour	UKIP	Brexit Party	Joined the Brexit Party^[210]
	Jane Collins	UKIP	Brexit Party
	Margot Parker	UKIP	Brexit Party
	Jonathan Arnott	Independent	Brexit Party
	Julie Girling	Independent	Change UK	Joined new group^[211]
	Richard Ashworth	Independent	Change UK	Joined new group^[211]
	Ray Finch	UKIP	Brexit Party	Joined the Brexit Party^[212]
May 2019	Julie Girling	Change UK	Independent	Voiced support for the Liberal Democrats in the 2019 European elections
2019–2024 Parliament
September 2019	Andrew England Kerr	Brexit Party	Independent	Whip withdrawn for "irreconcilable differences regarding a likely conflict of interest" ^[213]
November 2019	Louis Stedman-Bryce	Brexit Party	Independent	Resigned from the party
December 2019	Lucy Harris	Brexit Party	Conservative	Joined the Conservative Party
	Lance Forman	Brexit Party	Conservative
	John Longworth	Brexit Party	Conservative
	Annunziata Rees-Mogg	Brexit Party	Conservative

London Assembly Members who have changed party affiliation

More information Date, Member ...

Date	Member	Before		After
2004–2008 Assembly
September 2005	Damian Hockney		UKIP	Lua error: The maximum execution time for this script was exceeded.	First joined Veritas then created new party One London
September 2005	Peter Hulme-Cross	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.		First joined Veritas then created new party One London
2008–2012 Assembly
August 2010	Richard Barnbrook	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Expelled from the BNP^[214]
2016–2021 Assembly
December 2018	Peter Whittle	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Quit the party^[215]
January 2020	David Kurten	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Quit the party in order to run as an Independent in the 2020 London mayoral election^[216]
September 2020	David Kurten	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Formed own party

Members of the Senedd who have changed party affiliation

More information Date, Member ...

Date	Member	Before		After
1999–2003 Assembly
2000	Rod Richards	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.^[217]	Whip withdrawn after abstaining on a budget vote^[218]
2003–2007 Assembly
2005	Peter Law	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Left party in protest at the use of all-woman shortlists
2007–2011 Assembly
2009	Mohammad Asghar	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Explained that he was a "Unionist" and against Welsh independence
2010	Mick Bates	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Suspended after it was discovered that he would be prosecuted for assault
2016–2021 Assembly/Senedd
2016	Nathan Gill	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Left UKIP group to sit as an independent^[219]
2016	Dafydd Elis-Thomas	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Left Plaid Cymru party to support the Labour minority government.
2017	Neil McEvoy	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Suspended from party group^[220]
	Mark Reckless	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Left UKIP group to sit as an independent within the Conservative Group
	Carl Sargeant	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Sargeant was suspended from Welsh Labour following allegations about his personal conduct.^[221]
2018	Mandy Jones	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Left UKIP group to sit as an independent after criticising Neil Hamilton^[222]
	Caroline Jones	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Left UKIP group to sit as an independent, stating the party had moved "to a more far-right position"^[223]
	Jenny Rathbone	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Suspended over remarks about Jewish people.^[224]
2019	Jenny Rathbone	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Re-admitted^[225]
	Michelle Brown	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Left UKIP group to sit as an independent^[226]
	Mark Reckless	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Left Conservative Group on 'good terms' to sit as an independent^[227]
	Caroline Jones	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Joined the Brexit Party^[228]
	Mandy Jones	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Joined the Brexit Party^[229]
	Mark Reckless	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Joined the Brexit Party
	David Rowlands	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Joined the Brexit Party
	Gareth Bennett	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Quit the Party^[230]
2020	Nick Ramsay	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Arrested on 1 January 2020 and suspended from the Conservative group the following day.^[231]
	Neil McEvoy	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Formed the Welsh National Party
	Gareth Bennett	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Joined the Abolish the Welsh Assembly Party^[232]
	Nick Ramsay	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Re-admitted^[233]
	Caroline Jones	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Left the Brexit Party due to their anti-devolution stance^[234]
	Caroline Jones	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Formed a new group: Independent Alliance for Reform^[235]
	Mandy Jones	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
	David Rowlands	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
	Mark Reckless	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Joined the Abolish the Welsh Assembly Party^[236]
2021	Alun Davies	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Suspended after allegedly being involved in alcohol drinking on the Senedd estate, that could have broken COVID restrictions.^[237]
	Alun Davies	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Re-admitted^[238]
	Nick Ramsay	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Left the Conservative Group after being unhappy with the party's direction, and wanting to stand as an Independent in the Senedd election, after being deselected by the local group.^[239]
2021–2026 Senedd
2022	Rhys ab Owen	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Suspended on 8 November 2022 pending an investigation by the Senedd's standards watchdog over an alleged breach of the code of conduct.^[240]

Members of the Scottish Parliament who have changed party affiliation

More information Date, Member ...

Date	Member	Before		After
1999–2003 Parliament
2002	Dorothy-Grace Elder	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Resigned over disagreement over how the party was run^[241]
2003	Margo MacDonald	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Ranked low on the party list for re-election so stood as an independent and was expelled from party; re-elected as an independent
2003–2007 Parliament
2004	Campbell Martin	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Expelled from party and stood as an independent
2005	Mike Watson, Baron Watson of Invergowrie	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Expelled from the Party after causing a fire and resigned^[242]
2005	Brian Monteith	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Had whip withdrawn over misconduct
2006	Rosemary Byrne	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Created new Party Solidarity
2006	Tommy Sheridan	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Created new Party Solidarity
2007–2011 Parliament
March 2011	Hugh O'Donnell	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Quit party over its direction^[243]
2011–2016 Parliament
April 2012	Bill Walker	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Expelled from the SNP for allegedly not declaring the allegations cited in his uncontested divorce proceedings during the MSP vetting process.^[244]
October 2012	John Finnie	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Resigned over the party's decision to support NATO membership for an independent Scotland^[245]
October 2012	Jean Urquhart	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Resigned over the party's decision to support NATO membership for an independent Scotland^[245]
September 2014	John Wilson	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Resigned over the party's decision to support NATO membership for an independent Scotland^[245]
October 2014	John Finnie	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Joined the Scottish Green Party, but continued to sit as an Independent MSP^[246]
December 2014	John Wilson	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Joined the Scottish Green Party, but continued to sit as an independent MSP^[247]
September 2015	Jean Urquhart	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Joined the RISE, but continued to sit as an independent MSP^[248]
2016–2021 Parliament
12 May 2016	Ken Macintosh	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Elected Presiding Officer and consequently had to renounce his party affiliation.^[249]^[250]
15 November 2017	Alex Rowley	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Suspended by Labour due to allegations about his conduct.^[251]
16 November 2017	Mark McDonald	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Suspended by SNP due to allegations about his conduct. Left the SNP on 6 March 2018.^[252]
19 December 2017	Alex Rowley	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Reinstated by Labour^[253]
February 2020	Derek Mackay	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Suspended by SNP for sending inappropriate messages to a 16-year-old boy^[254]
24 November 2020	Michelle Ballantyne	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Left the Conservative Party due to disagreements over policy relating to the Covid-19 pandemic.^[255]
18 December 2020	Andy Wightman	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Resigned over policy differences^[256]
12 January 2021	Michelle Ballantyne	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Became Scots chief of what is now Reform UK^[257] after the name change from Brexit Party
2021–2026 Parliament
13 May 2021	Alison Johnstone	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Elected Presiding Officer.^[258]
27 September 2023	Fergus Ewing	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Suspended for a week over rebellions against the government.^[259]
28 October 2023	Ash Regan	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Defected to the Alba Party.^[260]

Members of the Northern Ireland Assembly who have changed party affiliation

More information Date, Member ...

Date	Member	Before		After
1998–2003 Assembly
1999	Cedric Wilson	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Disagreed with UKUP leader Robert McCartney, as they wanted to remain in the Assembly to challenge unionists in favour of the Belfast Agreement
	Patrick Roche	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Disagreed with UKUP leader Robert McCartney, as they wanted to remain in the Assembly to challenge unionists in favour of the Belfast Agreement
	Norman Boyd	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Disagreed with UKUP leader Robert McCartney, as they wanted to remain in the Assembly to challenge unionists in favour of the Belfast Agreement
	Roger Hutchinson	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Disagreed with UKUP leader Robert McCartney, as they wanted to remain in the Assembly to challenge unionists in favour of the Belfast Agreement
		The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Expelled for accepting seats on two statutory committees, against party policy.^[261]
November 2000		The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Joined DUP^[262]
2003–2007 Assembly
18 December 2003	Jeffrey Donaldson	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Disagreements over the Good Friday Agreement negotiations and the position taken by party leader David Trimble^[263]
	Norah Beare	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
	Arlene Foster	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
23 November 2005	Francie Molloy	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Suspended from the party due to publicly disagreeing with the policy on local government reform.^[264]
15 January 2007	Geraldine Dougan	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Resigned from party^[265]
2 February 2007	Davy Hyland	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Resigned from party^[265]
15 February 2007	Paul Berry	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Stood as an independent but was not elected^[266]
18 February 2007	George Ennis	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
2007–2011 Assembly
29 November 2007	Gerry McHugh	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Believed that "Fianna Fáil was the right party to bring about change in Northern Ireland".
30 March 2010	Major Alan MacFarland	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Disagreed with the UUP's electoral pact with the Conservative Party
3 June 2010	Dawn Purvis	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Disagreed with direction of party^[267]
3 January 2011	David McClarty	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Resigned after being de-selected^[268]
2011–2016 Assembly
27 January 2012	David McNarry	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Suspended from the UUP.^[269]
4 October 2012	David McNarry	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Joined UKIP.^[269]
14 February 2013	Basil McCrea	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Formed new party^[270]
14 February 2013	John McCallister	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Formed new party^[271]
10 July 2014	John McCallister	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Response to allegations of impropriety against leader Basil McCrea^[272]
2016–2017 Assembly
18 December 2016	Jonathan Bell	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Suspended from the DUP following fallout with party leader^[273]
2017–2022 Assembly
18 May 2018	Jim Wells	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Suspending after attacking the leadership^[274]
3 March 2020	Trevor Lunn	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Quit Alliance due to an 'irreconcilable internal problem'^[275]
1 July 2021	Alex Easton	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Resigned from the party^[276]

Police and crime commissioners (PCCs) who have changed party affiliation

More information Date, Member ...

Date	Member	Before		After
2012–2016 Commissioners
2014	Olly Martins	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Suspended from the Labour Party and investigated by the Independent Police Complaints Commission after he disclosed confidential information about the death of a man in police custody.^[277]^[278]^[279]
2016–2021 Commissioners
April 2019	Jane Kennedy	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	The time allocated for running scripts has expired.	Resigned from the Labour Party alleging anti-semitism.^[280]

References

[1]
Hawkins, Angus. (2007–2008). The forgotten prime minister : the 14th Earl of Derby. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 157–160. ISBN 9780199204403. OCLC 141483725.
[2]
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Trevelyan, Sir George Otto" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 255.
[3]
Jackson, Alvin (2014). The Oxford Handbook of Modern Irish History. Oxford University Press. p. 52.
[4]
Debrett's peerage and baronetage : comprises information concerning the Royal family, the peerage, and baronetage. Kidd, Charles, 1952-, Williamson, David., Debrett, John, -1822., Debrett, John, -1822. London: Debrett's Peerage. 1990. ISBN 0312046405. OCLC 23477777.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
[5]
"Churchill Critiques: Changing Parties". The Churchill Project - Hillsdale College. 21 March 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
[6]
Halle, Kay. Irrepressible Churchill'. pp. 52–53.
[7]
Craig, Fred W. S. (1989). British parliamentary election results, 1885–1918 (2nd ed.). Aldershot, Hants, England: Parliamentary Research Services. p. 412. ISBN 0900178272. OCLC 20279326.
[8]
"Politics and the Miner." The Times [London, England] 13 May 1914: 5. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 2 March 2014.
[9]
Douglas, Roy (2005). Liberals : a history of the Liberal and Liberal Democrat Parties. London: Hambledon and London. ISBN 9780826443427. OCLC 319693875.
[10]
Who's who of British members of Parliament^{[publisher missing]}^{[year missing]}
[11]
Cross, J. A. (1 December 1967). "Withdrawal of the Conservative Party Whip". Parliamentary Affairs. 21 (6): 193. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
[12]
Who's who 1984 : an annual biographical dictionary. London: Adam and Charles Black. 1984. ISBN 0713623853. OCLC 10915272.
[13]
"Sir Alfred Mond - Letter to Carmathen Liberals". Coventry Evening Telegraph. 26 January 1926.
[14]
The Derbyshire miners: a study in industrial and social history
[15]
Buchanan, Tom (19 April 2012). East wind : China and the British left, 1925–1976. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. p. 36. ISBN 9780191624490. OCLC 794175105.
[16]
Duchess of Atholl, Katharine Marjory Ramsay Stewart-Murray (1958). Working Partnership: Being the Lives of John George, 8th Duke of Atholl and of his wife, Katherine Marjorie Ramsay. London: Barker. OCLC 732304738.
[17]
Wyburn-Powell, Alun. (2003). Clement Davies : a liberal biography. London: Politico's. ISBN 1902301978. OCLC 50099840.
[18]
Morgan, Kevin (2009). "Pritt, Denis Nowell (1887–1972)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/31570. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
[19]
Estorick, Eric (1949). Stafford Cripps. A biography. William Heinemann, London. p. 326.
[20]
The Times, Thursday, 16 September 1948; pg. 3; Issue 51178; col
[21]
Nottingham Evening Post, 7 December 1949, p. 6.
[22]
Gunter wrote to Chief whip Robert Mellish: "I should be less than human if I did not shrink from being kicked out by the middle-class intellectuals who now control the party. I will go out with some dignity and quietly, I just resign the whip." See "Intellectuals in control of Labour, Mr Gunter says", The Times, 17 February 1972, p. 2.
[23]
Horn, Geoff (11 January 2015). Crossing the floor: Reg Prentice and the crisis of British social democracy (paperback ed.). Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-9991-5.
[24]
Times guide to the House of Commons : June 1983. Times (London, England). London: Times Books. 1983. ISBN 072300255X. OCLC 9832005.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
[25]
"Mellish, Robert Joseph, Baron Mellish (1913–1998), politician". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/69859. Retrieved 17 July 2019. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
[26]
Nicholson, Emma. (1996). Secret society : inside-- and outside-- the Conservative Party. London: Indigo. ISBN 0575400722. OCLC 36331513.
[27]
"Gardiner threatens battle after deselection". The Independent. 31 January 1997. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[28]
"Paul Marsden: ' I have lost confidence in the Labour Government'". The Independent. 11 December 2001. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
[29]
Yafai, Faisal al; Bowcott, Owen; White, Michael (11 December 2004). "Meet the DUP's new MP ... for Basingstoke". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
[30]
Tempest, Matthew (23 October 2003). "Galloway expelled from Labour". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[31]
France, Anthony (26 February 2004). "Howard sacks MP for cockle tragedy joke". The Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[32]
"Cockler joke MP returns to Tories". 31 March 2004. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[33]
"MP Marsden defects back to Labour". 6 April 2005. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
[34]
Tempest, Matthew; Mulholland, Hélène (14 September 2006). "Short faces expulsion after calling for hung parliament". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 1 April 2010.
[35]
"Conservative MP defects to Labour". 27 June 2007. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[36]
"MP will not face assault charges". 20 October 2007. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[37]
"Tory? UKIP? Now I'm just an inde says MP Bob | Echo". 15 October 2018. Archived from the original on 15 October 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[38]
"MP Hermon quits Ulster Unionists". 25 March 2010. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[39]
Siddique, Haroon; agencies (14 October 2010). "Labour withdraws whip from former minister facing police inquiry". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[40]
"MP Joyce is charged with assault". 24 February 2012. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
[41]
"MP's expenses: Denis MacShane resigns over false invoices". BBC News. BBC. 2 November 2012. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
[42]
Mulholland, Helene (6 November 2012). "Tory party suspends Nadine Dorries | Politics". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
[43]
"Nadine Dorries reinstated as Conservative MP". BBC News. 8 May 2013.
[44]
Watt, Holly (31 May 2013). "Patrick Mercer resignation: Tory MP 'once said he loathed David Cameron'". The Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
[45]
"MP Hancock suspended by Lib Dems". 22 January 2014. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
[46]
Syal, Rajeev (18 July 2013). "Lib Dems withdraw party whip from MP David Ward over Israel comments | Politics". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
[47]
"Nigel Evans quits as First Deputy Chairman of Ways and Means amid sex charges". BBC News. 11 September 2013. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
[48]
"Nigel Evans resigns as deputy speaker with emotional speech to MPs". The Guardian. 11 September 2013. Retrieved 18 September 2013.
[49]
Watt, Nicholas (28 August 2014). "Tory MP Douglas Carswell defects to Ukip and forces byelection". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
[50]
Malnick, Edward (27 September 2014). "Second Tory MP Mark Reckless joins Ukip". The Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[51]
"Sir Malcolm Rifkind and Jack Straw have whip withdrawn over 'sting'". BBC News. 23 February 2015.
[52]
"The SNP MP Michelle Thomson resigns the whip as police investigate her property deals". The New Statesman. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
[53]
"Natalie McGarry withdraws from SNP whip over campaign fund probe". BBC News. Retrieved 25 November 2015.
[54]
"Simon Danczuk suspended from Labour party after sending sexually explicit texts to teenager". The Independent. 31 December 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[55]
Stewart, Heather (27 April 2016). "Naz Shah suspended by Labour party amid antisemitism row". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[56]
Elgot, Jessica (5 July 2016). "Labour antisemitism row: Naz Shah's suspension lifted". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[57]
Khomami, Nadia (25 March 2017). "Ukip's only MP Douglas Carswell quits party". The Guardian. Retrieved 27 November 2018.
[58]
"Tory MP suspended for racist remark". 10 July 2017. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[59]
"MP Ivan Lewis suspended by Labour". 23 November 2017. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
[60]
Mason, Rowena (12 December 2017). "Tories restore whip to MP suspended for using racist language". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[61]
"Labour MP John Woodcock suspended from party after sexual harassment allegation". The Independent. 30 April 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
[62]
Elgot, Jessica (3 July 2018). "Labour reinstates suspended MP Jared O'Mara". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
[63]
"Reinstated MP quits Labour Party". 12 July 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
[64]
"Labour Should Suspend Newly Elected Peterborough MP Over Anti-Semitism, Frank Field Says". LBC. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[65]
Syal, Rajeev (12 December 2018). "Tories reinstate MPs suspended over sex allegations for confidence vote". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[66]
"Anger as accused MPs get whip restored". 13 December 2018. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
[67]
Sabbagh, Dan (4 January 2019). "Labour confirms expulsion of convicted MP Fiona Onasanya". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
[68]
"Seven MPs leave Labour Party in protest at Jeremy Corbyn's leadership". BBC News. 18 February 2019. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
[69]
"Labour MP Joan Ryan resigns from party to join Independent Group". The Independent. 20 February 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
[70]
"Latest MP to quit Labour 'ashamed' of party". 22 February 2019. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[71]
Wright, Oliver (22 July 2019). "Philip Hammond: I'll quit rather than support Boris Johnson's no-deal exit". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
[72]
"Former Labour and Change UK MP Chuka Umunna joins the Lib Dems". The Independent. 13 June 2019. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[73]
Walker, Peter (28 June 2019). "Chris Williamson is suspended again after Labour furore". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
[74]
Elgot, Jessica (10 July 2019). "Change UK exiles rebrand again as the Independents". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
[75]
"Tory MP Elphicke charged with sexual assault". 22 July 2019. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
[76]
"Ex-Tory MP Sarah Wollaston joins Lib Dems". 15 August 2019. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
[77]
"Boris Johnson loses majority as Tory MP Phillip Lee crosses floor to join Lib Dems". 3 September 2019. Retrieved 3 September 2019.
[78]
Brand, Paul [@PaulBrandITV] (3 September 2019). "BREAKING: Chief whip is speaking to Tory rebels right now to tell them they have lost the Conservative whip. Means they are also deselected as Tory candidates" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
[79]
Walker, Peter (31 October 2019). "Tory rebel Antoinette Sandbach joins Lib Dems ahead of election". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
[80]
"Axed SNP candidate elected to Westminster". BBC News. 13 December 2019. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
[81]
"MP arrested on suspicion of assault". BBC News. 23 May 2020. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
[82]
Smith, Craig. "Fife MP 'welcomed back' into SNP after six-month suspension". The Courier. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
[83]
Allegretti, Aubrey (15 July 2020). "Dr Julian Lewis has Tory whip removed after running against PM's security committee chair pick". Sky News. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
[84]
"Claudia Webbe: Leicester MP charged with harassment". BBC News. 28 September 2019. Retrieved 28 September 2020.
[85]
Weaver, Matthew; Brooks, Libby (1 October 2020). "SNP MP Margaret Ferrier suspended for taking train after positive Covid test". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
[86]
"Jeremy Corbyn suspended from Labour party". Sky News. 29 October 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
[87]
"Keir Starmer denies Jeremy Corbyn Labour whip despite end of suspension". The Guardian. 18 November 2020. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
[88]
"Kenny MacAskill leaves the SNP to join Alex Salmond's Alba Party". HeraldScotland.
[89]
Hughes, David (12 January 2022). "Tories remove whip from Anne Marie Morris over support for energy VAT cut motion". Evening Standard. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
[90]
"Tory MP Christian Wakeford defects to Labour". BBC News. 19 January 2022. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
[91]
"Labour MP Neil Coyle has whip suspended over allegations he made racist comments in Commons bar". Retrieved 11 February 2022.
[92]
Savage, Michael (2 April 2022). "Tories suspend David Warburton amid claims over sexual harassment and drug use". The Guardian. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
[93]
"Neil Parish: MP accused of watching porn in Commons should be kicked out of Tory party if guilty, says minister". Retrieved 29 April 2022.
[94]
"Patrick Grady to step away from SNP membership over allegations". BBC News. 26 June 2022.
[95]
"Chris Pincher loses Tory whip over misconduct allegations". Retrieved 2 July 2022.
[96]
"Tobias Ellwood suspended as Tory MP after missing confidence vote". Retrieved 19 July 2022.
[97]
"Labour suspends veteran MP after complaint". 7 September 2022.
[98]
"Rupa Huq apologises to Kwasi Kwarteng for 'ill-judged' comments". Retrieved 27 September 2022.
[99]
"Tory minister Conor Burns sacked with 'immediate effect' after complaint of serious misconduct". Retrieved 7 October 2022.
[100]
"Labour MP Christina Rees loses party whip after alleged bullying". Retrieved 13 October 2022.
[101]
"Labour MP could lose seat after sexual misconduct findings upheld". Retrieved 21 October 2022.
[102]
"Matt Hancock loses Tory whip after reportedly signing up for I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here!". Retrieved 8 December 2022.
[103]
"Conservatives remove whip from MP Julian Knight after complaint to Met". Retrieved 8 December 2022.
[104]
"Labour MP suspended from party pending investigation". BBC News. 7 December 2022. Retrieved 7 December 2022.
[105]
"Andrew Bridgen suspended as Tory MP over Covid vaccine comments". BBC News. 11 January 2023. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
[106]
"Tory MP Scott Benton has whip suspended after newspaper sting". Retrieved 6 April 2023.
[107]
"Diane Abbott has Labour whip suspended after 'hateful antisemitic' remarks suggesting Jews do not face racism". Sky News. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
[108]
"Ex-Tory Andrew Bridgen joins Laurence Fox's Reclaim party". BBC News. 10 May 2023. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
[109]
"Geraint Davies: Labour MP suspended over behaviour claims". Retrieved 1 June 2023.
[110]
"Shadow minister Bambos Charalambous suspended from Labour". Retrieved 9 June 2023.
[111]
"SNP MP Angus MacNeil suspended following clash with chief whip". Retrieved 5 July 2023.
[112]
"SNP MP Lisa Cameron defects to the Conservatives".
[113]
"Peter Bone suspended as Tory MP after bullying probe". Retrieved 18 October 2023.
[114]
"Tory MP Crispin Blunt arrested on suspicion of rape and possession of drugs". Retrieved 26 October 2023.
[115]
"Labour MP Andy McDonald suspended over 'between the river and the sea' speech". Retrieved 31 October 2023.
[116]
"MP Bob Stewart to stand down after racial abuse conviction". Retrieved 20 November 2023.
[117]
"Andrew Bridgen: Ex-Tory MP quits Reclaim Party after seven months". BBC News. 20 December 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
[118]
"Chris Skidmore resigns Conservative whip over Sunak's oil and gas licence plan". The Guardian. 5 January 2024. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
[119]
"Labour suspends Kate Osamor over Gaza comments in Holocaust message". The Guardian. 5 January 2024. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
[120]
"Christina Rees readmitted to Labour after apology over bullying claims". Retrieved 1 February 2024.
[121]
"Lee Anderson stripped of Tory whip over Sadiq Khan comments". Retrieved 24 February 2024.
[122]
"Lee Anderson joins Reform UK after losing Tory whip over Khan comments". Retrieved 11 March 2024.
[123]
"MP regains Labour whip after using contentious phrase". Retrieved 13 March 2024.
[124]
"Sir Jeffrey Donaldson resigns as DUP leader after sexual offence charges". Retrieved 29 March 2024.
[125]
"William Wragg resigns Tory whip after divulging MPs' phone numbers". Retrieved 9 April 2024.
[126]
"Bambos Charalambous back in Labour Party following investigation". Retrieved 12 April 2024.
[127]
"Tory MP loses whip after claims he used party funds to pay 'bad people'". Retrieved 17 April 2024.
[128]
Helm, Toby. "Top Tory MP defects to Labour in fury at NHS crisis". theguardian.com. The Observer. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
[129]
Lefort, Rebecca (21 March 2010). "Four Labour MPs implicated in 'cash for influence' scandal". The Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[130]
Curtis, Polly (5 November 2010). "Phil Woolas immigration leaflets case: high court orders election rerun in Oldham East". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
[131]
Laughton, John Knox, "Keppel Augustus", Dictionary of National Biography, 1885–1900, vol. 31, retrieved 17 July 2019
[132]
Smith, E. A. (1975). Whig principles and party politics: Earl Fitzwilliam and the Whig party, 1748–1833. Manchester: Manchester University Press. pp. 151–154. ISBN 0874716802. OCLC 1176094.
[133]
Dod, Charles (1841). The Peerage, Baronetage, and Knightage of Great Britain and Ireland. London: Whittaker and Co. p. 92. ISBN 9781344095730.
[134]
Trevor-Roper, Hugh (30 May 2015). The Wartime Journals - Hugh Trevor-Roper. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 9781784531935. Retrieved 27 November 2018.
[135]
"Robert Skidelsky - Biography". 9 October 2008. Archived from the original on 9 October 2008. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
[136]
"Lady Strange". The Times. 21 March 2005. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[137]
"Baroness Young of Old Scone". UK Parliament. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
[138]
"Rebel Tory peers harden support for UKIP". The Times. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
[139]
"Ex-UKIP leader to stand as Tory MP for Thanet South". BBC News. 6 July 2014. Archived from the original on 3 May 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
[140]
"Senior Ukip members claim party's MP helped Tories beat Nigel Farage UK Independence party (Ukip)". The Guardian. 23 August 2016.
[141]
"MSP denies fire-raising charges". 23 August 2005. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
[142]
"Conrad Black convicted of fraud". 13 July 2007. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
[143]
"Welcome to the website of David Trimble MLA". 3 July 2007. Archived from the original on 3 July 2007. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[144]
"Profile: On the Level with Baroness Flather". OBV. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[145]
Watt, Nicholas (29 February 2012). "Lady Tonge resigns Lib Dem party whip over Israel remarks". The Guardian. London: Guardian News and Media. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
[146]
"Baroness Tonge Resigns Liberal Democrat whipin Lords After Israel Jibe". Huffington Post UK. 29 February 2012. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
[147]
"Peer suspended after bounty claim". BBC News. BBC. 15 April 2012. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
[148]
"Labour lifts Lord Ahmed's suspension". BBC News. BBC. 30 June 2012. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
[149]
Maginnis quits UUP, tells Nesbitt to resign Archived 1 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine, The Newsletter, 28 August 2012
[150]
"Former Conservative peer Lord Stevens to join UK Independence Party". BBC News. BBC. 18 September 2012. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
[151]
Press Association (14 March 2013). "Labour suspends Lord Ahmed over alleged Jewish conspiracy comments". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
[152]
"Lord Rennard: Peer suspended after apology row". BBC News Online. 16 January 2014. Retrieved 20 January 2014.
[153]
"Lord Strasburger resigns from Lib Dems over donor allegations". BBC News. 21 March 2015.
[154]
Drake, Matthew (21 March 2015). "Liberal Democrat peer Qurban Hussain investigated after admitting smuggling Pakistani boy into UK". Mirror. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
[155]
Gayle, Damien; Wintour, Patrick (11 May 2015). "Alan Sugar resigns from Labour party over 'shift to left'". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[156]
"Drugs claim peer resigns from Lords". 28 July 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[157]
"Tory minister Ros Altmann expelled from Labour party". The Guardian. 8 September 2015.
[158]
"Theresa May hit by first ministerial resignation". The Independent. 23 September 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
[159]
"Jewish Peer Resigns as Jeremy Corbyn Re-elected Labour Leader". The JC. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
[160]
"Former Welsh Lib Dem leader Lord Carlile quits party". BBC News. 13 January 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2018.
[161]
Walker, Peter (12 November 2018). "Lib Dem peer Lord Lester suspended over sexual harassment". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
[162]
"EXCL Ukip down to one peer in House of Lords after fresh resignation over Tommy Robinson tie-update=2018-12-13". Politics Home. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
[163]
"David Steel suspended from Lib Dems over Cyril Smith revelation". The Guardian. 14 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
[164]
"Lib Dems reinstate Lord Steel after probe". 14 May 2019. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
[165]
"Lord Heseltine has Tory whip suspended for saying he'll vote Lib Dem". The Independent. 20 May 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
[166]
"Michael Cashman 'resigns' from Labour to vote for Lib Dems". Evening Standard. 22 May 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
[167]
"Labour peer Lord Moonie quits party in row over transgender rights". The Independent. 15 May 2019. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
[168]
"Lord Holmes: Paralympic champion and Tory peer charged with hotel sex assault | UK News | Sky News". 22 July 2019. Archived from the original on 22 July 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2021.
[169]
Watt, Matt Harris and Nicholas (9 July 2019). "Three Labour peers resign whip over 'anti-Semitism'". Retrieved 10 July 2019.
[170]
Mason, Rowena (9 July 2019). "Three Labour peers quit over handling of antisemitism cases". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
[171]
"Labour peer suspended over sexual harassment and transphobia | House of Lords". The Guardian. 23 October 2019. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
[172]
"Labour peer suspended after 'stalkerish behaviour'". BBC News. 14 January 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
[173]
Merrick, Rob (25 February 2020). "Lib Dem peer David Steel resigns after damning report attacks 'inaction' over child sex abuse claims". The Independent. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
[174]
Courea, Eleni (19 June 2020). "Antisemitism clean-up lures peers back to Labour". The Times. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
[175]
"Parliamentary career for Lord Holmes of Richmond - MPs and Lords - UK Parliament". members.parliament.uk.
[176]
Mendel, Jack (23 November 2020). "Labour peer resigns membership of 49 years over antisemitism". Jewish News. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
[177]
"Baroness Ritchie of Downpatrick". Flavible Politics. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
[178]
"Baroness Michelle Mone loses Conservative whip amid PPE contracts controversy". Retrieved 7 December 2022.
[179]
"Earl of Shrewsbury faces suspension from Lords over lobbying claims". BBC News. 16 December 2022. Retrieved 18 December 2022.
[180]
"'You're expelled' twist in Oddy row. – Free Online Library". The Free Library. 14 May 1999. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
[181]
"UKIP votes leaders out". BBC News. 18 September 2003. Archived from the original on 18 September 2003. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
[182]
"Ex-UKIP MEP jailed for £500k fraud". 13 July 2015. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
[183]
"Sajjad KARIM". European Parliament. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[184]
Watt, Nicholas (12 November 2008). "David Cameron expels Tory MEP Den Dover for breaking European expenses rules". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[185]
Waterfield, Bruno (14 July 2009). "Tory MEP Edward McMillan-Scott expelled after poll rebellion". The Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[186]
"Rebel Euro MP is expelled by UKIP". 4 March 2010. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[187]
"Ex-Tory Euro MP joining Lib Dems". 12 March 2010. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[188]
"David CAMPBELL BANNERMAN". European Parliament. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[189]
"]Conservative MEP Roger Helmer joins UKIP". BBC News. BBC. 3 March 2012. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
[190]
"Euro MP Andrew Brons 'no longer' BNP member". BBC News. BBC. 16 October 2012. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
[191]
"UKIP MEP defects to Conservatives". 22 February 2013. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[192]
"Deselected UKIP MEP quits party". 12 September 2013. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
[193]
Mason, Rowena (20 September 2013). "Ukip's Godfrey Bloom has whip removed after 'sluts' remark". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[194]
Hughes, David (26 May 2019). "Who's my MEP? The full list of UK representatives in the EU prior to the European elections". i. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[195]
"UKIP's Atkinson expelled from party". 23 March 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[196]
Chaplain, Chloe (20 February 2019). "Tories tell ex-UKIP MEP Steven Woolfe they won't let him challenge Anna Soubry as a Conservative". i. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[197]
Mason, Rowena (21 November 2016). "Diane James quits Ukip, saying relations soured after she quit as leader". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[198]
"UKIP MEP quits party over leadership". 19 January 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
[199]
"UKIP MEP James Carver quits over leader's support for Tommy Robinson". Sky News. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[200]
Channon, Max (26 September 2018). "MEP quits 'homophobic and anti-Islamic' UKIP". devonlive. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
[201]
Bagdi, Annabal. "Bill Etheridge joins Libertarian Party days after UKIP exit". Express & Star.
[202]
James, Luke (27 November 2018). "UKIP has now lost 10 MEPs after Bours quietly left party". Yahoo! Finance. Retrieved 27 November 2018.
[203]
Walker, Peter (27 November 2018). "Third Ukip MEP quits over party's courtship of Tommy Robinson". The Guardian. Retrieved 27 November 2018.
[204]
"Former leader Nigel Farage quits UKIP". BBC News. 4 December 2018. Retrieved 6 December 2018.
[205]
Gill, Nathan [@NathanGillMEP] (6 December 2018). "I have not left UKIP, UKIP has left me. It is with regret and sadness that today I am resigning from UKIP" (Tweet). Retrieved 6 December 2018 – via Twitter.
[206]
Andrews, Kieran (7 December 2018). "Ukip's Scottish leader David Coburn quits over lurch to right". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 7 December 2018.
[207]
"Ex-UKIP leader Paul Nuttall quits party over Tommy Robinson role". Sky News. 7 December 2018. Retrieved 7 December 2018.
[208]
"Dr Julia Reid MEP resigns from UKIP over the current direction of the party". Dr Julia Reid MEP. 8 December 2018. Archived from the original on 9 December 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2018.
[209]
Guido Fawkes [@GuidoFawkes] (9 December 2018). "#UQUIT Jonathan Bullock MEP, UKIP's highly regarded Energy spokesman, resigns, calls on traditional members of UKIP to either force Gerard Batten out of the leadership or resign themselves from the party" (Tweet). Retrieved 9 December 2018 – via Twitter.
[210]
"Ukip MEPs quit to join Farage's new Brexit Party". Shropshire Star. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
[211]
"Change UK party approved for European elections". BBC News. 16 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
[212]
"Raymond FINCH". European Parliament. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
[213]
"Brexit Party MEP has whip withdrawn over 'likely conflict of interest'". The Independent. 29 September 2019. Retrieved 18 December 2022.
[214]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[215]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[216]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[217]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[218]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[219]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[220]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[221]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[222]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[223]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[224]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[225]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[226]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[227]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[228]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[229]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[230]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[231]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[232]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[233]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[234]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[235]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[236]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[237]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[238]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[239]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[240]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[241]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[242]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[243]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[244]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[245]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[246]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[247]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[248]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[249]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[250]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[251]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[252]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[253]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[254]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[255]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[256]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[257]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[258]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[259]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[260]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[261]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[262]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[263]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[264]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[265]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[266]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[267]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[268]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[269]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[270]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[271]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[272]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[273]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[274]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[275]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[276]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[277]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[278]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[279]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
[280]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

Bibliography

David Butler and Gareth Butler, Twentieth Century British Political Facts (Palgrave Macmillan, 2005)

Share this article:

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article List_of_elected_British_politicians_who_have_changed_party_affiliation, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

List_of_elected_British_politicians_who_have_changed_party_affiliation

Members of Parliament who have changed party affiliation

MPs 1680–1832

Members of Parliament who were suspended from their parliamentary party

Members of the House of Lords who have changed party affiliation

Members of the European Parliament who have changed party affiliation

London Assembly Members who have changed party affiliation

Members of the Senedd who have changed party affiliation

Members of the Scottish Parliament who have changed party affiliation

Members of the Northern Ireland Assembly who have changed party affiliation

Police and crime commissioners (PCCs) who have changed party affiliation

References

Bibliography

Share this article: