List_of_criminal_cases_in_the_Marshall_Court

List of criminal cases in the Marshall Court

List of criminal cases in the Marshall Court

Add article description

The Marshall Court (1801–1835) heard forty-one criminal cases. The Court heard two writs of error from the United States Circuit Court of the District of Columbia under § 8 of the second Judiciary Act of 1801, six original habeas petitions under § 14 of the Judiciary Act of 1789, thirty-one certificates of division under § 6 of the Judiciary Act of 1802, and two writs of error from the state courts under § 25 of the Judiciary Act of 1789.

The criminal jurisdiction of the Marshall Court was greatly limited by the Court's disclaiming of appellate jurisdiction from the United States circuit courts by means of a writ of error in United States v. More (1805), as well as the Court's disclaiming the authority to issue writs of habeas corpus to prisoners detained pursuant to a post-conviction criminal sentence in Ex parte Kearney (1822) and Ex parte Watkins (1830). Certificates of division could only be issued in criminal cases heard by a two-judge panel consisting of a United States district court judge and a Supreme Court justice riding circuit (the district judge or the circuit rider could also hear cases alone). Further, certificates could not be issued with regard to the legal sufficiency of the evidence—whether on a motion for a new trial, as held in United States v. Daniel (1821), or a motion for a directed verdict, as held in United States v. Bailey (1835).

More information Case, Citation ...

Notes

  1. [1]
    The decision of the D.C. circuit court is reported at United States v. More, 7 U.S. (3 Cranch) 159, 160 n.* (1805).
  2. [2]
    James M. O'Fallon, The Case of Benjamin More: A Lost Episode in the Struggle over Repeal of the 1801 Judiciary Act, 11 Law & Hist. Rev. 43 (1993).
  3. [3]
    Eric M. Freedman, Milestones in Habeas Corpus: Part I: Just Because John Marshall Said It, Doesn't Make It So: Ex Parte Bollman and the Illusory Prohibition on the Federal Writ of Habeas Corpus for State Prisoners in the Judiciary Act of 1789, 51 Ala. L. Rev. 531 (2000).
  4. [4]
    Crimes Act of 1790, § 1, 1 Stat. 112, 112.
  5. [5]
    Neutrality Act of 1794, § 5, 1 Stat. 381, 384.
  6. [6]
    United States v. Bollman, 24 F. Cas. 1189 (C.C.D.C. 1807) (No. 14,622).
  7. [7]
    Act of June 27, 1798, 1 Stat. 573.
  8. [8]
    Henderson, 1985, at 32–33; Keith E. Whittington, Judicial Review of Congress Before the Civil War, 97 Geo. L.J. 1257, 1289–91 (2009).
  9. [9]
    Gary D. Rowe, The Sound of Silence: United States v. Hudson & Goodwin, the Jeffersonian Ascendancy, and the Abolition of Federal Common Law Crimes, 101 Yale L.J. 919 (1992).
  10. [10]
    Act of Jan. 9, 1809, 2 Stat. 506.
  11. [11]
    Act of July 6, 1812, § 2, 2 Stat. 778, 779–80.
  12. [12]
    Henderson, 1985, at 116.
  13. [13]
    United States v. Coolidge, 25 F. Cas. 619 (C.C.D. Mass. 1813) (No. 14,857).
  14. [14]
    Crimes Act of 1790, § 8, 1 Stat. 112, 113–14.
  15. [15]
    United States v. Bevans, 24 F. Cas. 1138 (C.C.D. Mass. 1816) (No. 14,589).
  16. [16]
    Henderson, 1985, at 40–41.
  17. [17]
    G. Edward White, The Marshall Court and International Law: The Piracy Cases, 83 Am. J. Int'l L. 727 (1989).
  18. [18]
    Act of Mar. 3, 1819, §5, 3 Stat. 510, 513–14.
  19. [19]
    Henderson, 1985, at 141–42.
  20. [20]
    Henderson, 1985, at 134.
  21. [21]
    Crimes Act of 1790, § 12, 1 Stat. 112, 115.
  22. [22]
    United States v. Wiltberger, 28 F. Cas. 727 (C.C.E.D. Pa. 1819) (No. 16,738).
  23. [23]
    Henderson, 1985, at 41.
  24. [24]
    Mark A. Graber, The Passive-Aggressive Virtues: Cohens v. Virginia and the Problematic Establishment of Judicial Power, 12 Const. Comment. 67 (1995).
  25. [25]
    Crimes Act of 1790, § 5, 1 Stat. 112, 113.
  26. [26]
    Henderson, 1985, at 143.
  27. [27]
    United States v. Perez, 27 F. Cas. 504 (C.C.S.D.N.Y. 1823) (No. 16,033).
  28. [28]
    A Correct Report of the Trial of Josef Perez for Piracy (New York: J.W. Bell ed., 1823).
  29. [29]
    Act of Mar. 26, 1804, § 2, 2 Stat. 290, 290.
  30. [30]
    Henderson, 1985, at 42–43.
  31. [31]
    United States v. Kelly, 26 F. Cas. 700 (C.C.E.D. Pa. 1825) (No. 15,516).
  32. [32]
    Crimes Act of 1790, § 28, 1 Stat. 112, 118.
  33. [33]
    United States v. Ortega, 27 F. Cas. 359 (C.C.E.D. Pa. 1825) (No. 15,971).
  34. [34]
    Henderson, 1985, at 46.
  35. [35]
    Slave Trade Act of 1818, §§ 2–3, 3 Stat. 450, 451.
  36. [36]
    Henderson, 1985, at 198.
  37. [37]
    United States v. White, 28 F. Cas. 580 (C.C.D. Mass. 1826) (No. 16,682).
  38. [38]
    United States v. Watkins, 28 F. Cas. 419 (C.C.D.C. 1829) (No. 16,649); United States v. Watkins, 28 F. Cas. 490 (C.C.D.C. 1833) (No. 16,650).
  39. [39]
    Crimes Act of 1825, § 3, 4 Stat. 115, 115.
  40. [40]
    Neutrality Act of 1818, § 3, 3 Stat. 447, 448.
  41. [41]
    Edwin A. Miles, After John Marshall's Decision: Worcester v. Georgia and the Nullification Crisis, 39 J. S. Hist. 519 (1973).
  42. [42]
    Crimes Act of 1790, § 26, 1 Stat. 112, 118.
  43. [43]
    Privileges of Foreign Agents, National Gazette (Philadelphia), May 18, 1830, reprinted in, Niles' Weekly Register, May 29, 1830.
  44. [44]
    Act of Apr. 10, 1816, § 18, 3 Stat. 266, 275.
  45. [45]
    Act of Mar. 3, 1825, § 22, 4 Stat. 108, 121.
  46. [46]
    United States v. Wilson, 28 F. Cas. 699 (C.C.E.D. Pa. 1830) (No. 16,730).
  47. [47]
    Act of Mar. 3, 1824, § 24, 4 Stat. 102, 109.
  48. [48]
    Crimes Act of 1825, § 18, 4 Stat. 115, 120.
  49. [49]
    Act of Mar. 1, 1823, 3 Stat. 770.
  50. [50]
    United States v. Milburn, 26 F. Cas. 1242 (C.C.D.C. 1824) (No. 15,764); United States v. Milburn, 26 F. Cas. 1242 (C.C.D.C. 1834) (No. 15,765); United States v. Milburn, 26 F. Cas. 1243 (C.C.D.C. 1835) (No. 15,766); United States v. Milburn, 26 F. Cas. 1252 (C.C.D.C. 1836) (No. 15,768); United States v. Milburn, 26 F. Cas. 1253 (C.C.D.C. 1838) (No. 15,767).

References

  • Dwight Henderson, Congress, Courts, and Criminals: The Development of Federal Criminal Law, 1801–1829 (1985).
Share this article:

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article List_of_criminal_cases_in_the_Marshall_Court, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.