These lists of Australian cities by population provide rankings of Australian cities and towns according to various systems defined by the Australian Bureau of Statistics.

1. Sydney (5.450m)

2. Melbourne (5.207m)

3. Brisbane (2.707m)

4. Perth (2.309m)

5. Adelaide (1.446m)

6. Gold Coast (735k)

7. Newcastle (527k)

8. Canberra (467k)

12. Geelong (302k)

13. Hobart (254k)

14. Townsville (187k)

15. Cairns (161k)

16. Darwin (151k)

Australian cities (GCCSAs, bolded; SUAs) by population (rounded to the nearest thousand). Not shown on the map:

9. Sunshine Coast (408k)
10. Central Coast (348k)
11. Wollongong (314k)
17. Toowoomba (150k)
18. Ballarat (116k)
19. Bendigo (105k)
20. Albury–Wodonga (100k)

The eight Greater Capital City Statistical Areas are listed for the state and territory capital cities. All Significant Urban Areas (SUA), representing urban agglomerations of over 10,000 population, are listed next. The fifty largest Urban Centres (built-up area) are then ranked and, lastly, the fifty largest Local Government Areas (the units of local government below the states and territories) are also ranked.

Each capital city forms its own Greater Capital City Statistical Area (GCCSA), which according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) represents a broad functional definition of each of the eight state and territory capital cities.^[1] In Australia, the population of the GCCSA is the most-often quoted figure for the population of capital cities. These units correspond broadly to the international concept of metropolitan areas.

More information Rank, Greater Capital City Statistical Area ...

Rank	Greater Capital City Statistical Area	State/territory	Estimated resident population		Growth from 2011 to 2022	Included SUAs
			June 2023[2]	June 2011[2]
1	Greater Sydney	New South Wales	5,450,496	4,608,949	+18.26%	Sydney Central Coast
2	Greater Melbourne	Victoria	5,207,145	4,169,366	+24.89%	Melbourne Bacchus Marsh Gisborne
3	Greater Brisbane	Queensland	2,706,966	2,147,436	+26.06%	Brisbane
4	Greater Perth	Western Australia	2,309,338	1,833,567	+25.95%	Perth
5	Greater Adelaide	South Australia	1,446,380	1,264,091	+14.42%	Adelaide
6	Australian Capital Territory[lower-alpha 1]	Australian Capital Territory	466,566	367,985	+26.79%	Canberra–Queanbeyan (ACT part only)
7	Greater Hobart	Tasmania	253,654	216,273	+17.28%	Hobart
8	Greater Darwin	Northern Territory	150,736	129,106	+16.75%	Darwin

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Notes

The following table ranks the SUAs, including those of the capital cities (which are smaller than their respective GCCSAs, except for Canberra's, which includes adjacent Queanbeyan, in New South Wales). Capitals are in bold. Significant Urban Areas are defined to represent significant towns and cities, or agglomerations of smaller towns, that have at least 10,000 total population. Significant Urban Areas may contain more than one distinct Urban Centre.

70% of the Australian population live in the top eight most populous cities.

More information Rank, Significant Urban Area ...

Rank	Significant Urban Area	State/territory	Estimated resident population		Growth from 2011 to 2023
			June 2023[3]	June 2011[3]
1	Melbourne	Victoria	5,103,528	4,087,822	+24.85%
2	Sydney	New South Wales	5,041,275	4,240,340	+18.89%
3	Brisbane	Queensland	2,622,585	2,076,608	+26.29%
4	Perth	Western Australia	2,289,366	1,817,023	+26.00%
5	Adelaide	South Australia	1,426,803	1,245,896	+14.52%
6	Gold Coast–Tweed Heads	Queensland  New South Wales	735,213	581,036	+26.53%
7	Newcastle–Maitland	New South Wales	526,515	453,265	+16.16%
8	Canberra–Queanbeyan	Australian Capital Territory  New South Wales	503,402	405,032	+24.29%
9	Sunshine Coast	Queensland	407,859	303,824	+34.24%
10	Central Coast	New South Wales	348,435	314,941	+10.64%
11	Wollongong	New South Wales	313,745	281,700	+11.38%
12	Geelong	Victoria	302,046	227,957	+32.50%
13	Hobart	Tasmania	232,450	198,534	+17.08%
14	Townsville	Queensland	186,734	167,561	+11.44%
15	Cairns	Queensland	160,933	139,212	+15.60%
16	Toowoomba	Queensland	149,817	126,426	+18.50%
17	Darwin	Northern Territory	137,002	116,995	+17.10%
18	Ballarat	Victoria	116,390	93,459	+24.54%
19	Bendigo	Victoria	104,883	87,340	+20.09%
20	Albury-Wodonga	New South Wales  Victoria	100,095	84,195	+18.88%
21	Launceston	Tasmania	93,364	86,051	+8.50%
22	Mackay	Queensland	88,162	79,683	+10.64%
23	Rockhampton	Queensland	81,937	78,598	+4.25%
24	Bunbury	Western Australia	81,367	67,860	+19.90%
25	Bundaberg	Queensland	77,261	69,095	+11.82%
26	Coffs Harbour	New South Wales	75,838	66,689	+13.72%
27	Hervey Bay	Queensland	60,838	49,835	+22.08%
28	Wagga Wagga	New South Wales	57,807	54,137	+6.78%
29	Shepparton-Mooroopna	Victoria	54,494	47,571	+14.55%
30	Mildura-Buronga	Victoria	54,427	48,505	+12.21%
31	Port Macquarie	New South Wales	51,965	43,275	+20.08%
32	Gladstone	Queensland	47,294	43,166	+9.56%
33	Ballina	New South Wales	47,188	40,674	+16.02%
34	Warragul–Drouin	Victoria	45,597	30,287	+50.55%
35	Tamworth	New South Wales	45,496	40,085	+13.50%
36	Busselton	Western Australia	43,853	31,475	+39.33%
37	Traralgon–Morwell	Victoria	43,739	40,609	+7.71%
38	Orange	New South Wales	42,642	37,785	+12.85%
39	Bowral–Mittagong	New South Wales	41,982	36,266	+15.76%
40	Dubbo	New South Wales	41,801	35,281	+18.48%
41	Geraldton	Western Australia	41,086	36,884	+11.39%
42	Nowra–Bomaderry	New South Wales	39,702	34,604	+14.73%
43	Bathurst	New South Wales	38,339	33,754	+13.58%
44	Albany	Western Australia	37,037	31,791	+16.50%
45	Warrnambool	Victoria	36,238	33,020	+9.75%
46	Devonport	Tasmania	32,848	30,425	+7.96%
47	Mount Gambier	South Australia	30,583	28,279	+8.15%
48	Kalgoorlie–Boulder	Western Australia	30,504	31,933	−4.47%
49	Victor Harbor–Goolwa	South Australia	29,798	24,422	+22.01%
50	Morisset–Cooranbong	New South Wales	29,421	22,644	+29.93%
51	Alice Springs	Northern Territory	29,213	28,489	+2.54%
52	Nelson Bay	New South Wales	28,674	26,116	+9.79%
53	Burnie–Somerset	Tasmania	28,663	28,019	+2.30%
54	Maryborough	Queensland	28,346	26,893	+5.40%
55	Lismore	New South Wales	28,199	29,294	−3.74%
56	Taree	New South Wales	26,740	26,307	+1.65%
57	Bacchus Marsh	Victoria	26,055	17,488	+48.99%
58	Goulburn	New South Wales	25,017	22,202	+12.68%
59	Armidale	New South Wales	24,373	23,471	+3.84%
60	Gympie	Queensland	23,497	19,971	+17.66%
61	Gisborne	Victoria	23,056	18,570	+24.16%
62	Echuca–Moama	Victoria  New South Wales	22,979	19,659	+16.89%
63	Moe–Newborough	Victoria	22,170	21,432	+3.44%
64	Whyalla	South Australia	21,807	22,471	−2.95%
65	Yeppoon	Queensland	21,688	16,815	+28.98%
66	Forster–Tuncurry	New South Wales	21,074	20,273	+3.95%
67	Griffith	New South Wales	20,538	18,683	+9.93%
68	St Georges Basin–Sanctuary Point	New South Wales	20,200	16,967	+19.05%
69	Wangaratta	Victoria	19,969	17,980	+11.06%
70	Grafton	New South Wales	19,607	19,051	+2.92%
71	Murray Bridge	South Australia	19,371	17,071	+13.47%
72	Camden Haven	New South Wales	19,000	16,267	+16.80%
73	Karratha	Western Australia	18,631	17,007	+9.55%
74	Mount Isa	Queensland	18,518	21,417	−13.54%
75	Batemans Bay	New South Wales	17,692	16,352	+8.19%
76	Broken Hill	New South Wales	17,624	19,151	−7.97%
77	Singleton	New South Wales	17,503	16,730	+4.62%
78	Ulladulla	New South Wales	17,330	14,758	+17.43%
79	Port Lincoln	South Australia	16,991	15,621	+8.77%
80	Horsham	Victoria	16,876	16,099	+4.83%
81	Port Hedland	Western Australia	16,834	14,372	+17.13%
82	Kempsey	New South Wales	16,143	14,796	+9.10%
83	Warwick	Queensland	16,064	14,950	+7.45%
84	Medowie	New South Wales	16,058	12,686	+26.58%
85	Broome	Western Australia	16,008	13,314	+20.23%
86	Bairnsdale	Victoria	15,819	13,458	+17.54%
87	Airlie Beach-Cannonvale	Queensland	15,723	10,982	+43.17%
88	Ulverstone	Tasmania	15,408	14,739	+4.54%
89	Sale	Victoria	15,363	14,441	+6.38%
90	Emerald	Queensland	14,914	13,632	+9.40%
91	Port Pirie	South Australia	14,169	14,281	−0.78%
92	Port Augusta	South Australia	14,082	14,084	−0.01%
93	Colac	Victoria	12,640	11,981	+5.50%
94	Muswellbrook	New South Wales	12,590	12,222	+3.01%
95	Esperance	Western Australia	12,565	11,777	+6.69%
96	Mudgee	New South Wales	12,563	10,832	+15.98%
97	Lithgow	New South Wales	12,253	12,686	−3.41%
98	Castlemaine	Victoria	11,495	9,920	+15.88%
99	Portland	Victoria	11,181	10,894	+2.63%
100	Byron Bay	New South Wales	11,053	9,237	+19.66%
101	Swan Hill	Victoria	10,948	10,610	+3.19%
102	Kingaroy	Queensland	10,898	10,074	+8.18%

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Urban centres are defined by the Australian Bureau of Statistics as being a population cluster of 1,000 or more people. For statistical purposes, people living in urban centres are classified as urban. The figures below represent the populations of the contiguous built-up areas of each city; with state and territory capitals in bold. These figures are only updated every census, as the ABS does not render population projections for Urban Centres, and as such can only be as up-to-date as the most recent census year.

Local government areas (LGAs) are the main units of local government in Australia. They may be termed cities, councils, regions, shires, towns, or other names, and all function similarly. Local government areas cover around 90 per cent of the nation. Significant sections of South Australia and New South Wales are unincorporated, that is, have no defined local government, along with the ACT and smaller sections of Northern Territory and Victoria. Brisbane is the only state capital city with its respective LGA (City of Brisbane) covering a significant portion of its urban area. In other capital cities, the central LGA covers a much smaller proportion of the total urban area.

The populations of the central local government areas in other capitals are relatively small. As of June 2020, Darwin had a population of 82,030, Hobart 55,250, Perth 30,971, and Adelaide 26,177.^[98] Most Australian capital cities have suburban local government areas significantly larger in population than the central local government area.

More information Rank (2021), Local government area ...

Rank (2021)		Local government area	Estimated resident population[98]		Ranking in state, 2021
			2021	2019	Qld	NSW	WA	Vic	SA
	1	City of Brisbane	1,272,461	1,253,647	1
	2	City of Gold Coast	643,461	620,437	2
	3	City of Moreton Bay	486,645	469,442	3
	4	City of Blacktown	387,104	374,372		1
	5	City of Canterbury-Bankstown	378,425	377,836		2
	6	City of Casey	368,861	353,962				1
	7	City of Logan	348,020	334,353	4
	8	Central Coast Council	347,158	343,922		3
	9	Sunshine Coast Region	343,590	328,390	5
	10	City of Wyndham	289,571	270,607				2
	11	Northern Beaches Council	272,184	273,409		4
	12	City of Greater Geelong	269,508	258,938				3
	13	City of Parramatta	258,799	257,094		5
	14	City of Hume	243,738	233,545				4
	15	City of Sydney	242,237	245,942		6
	16	Cumberland Council	239,834	241,453		7
	17	City of Whittlesea	237,932	220,297				5
	18	City of Ipswich	236,708	222,311	6
	19	City of Liverpool	234,917	227,545		8
	20	Sutherland Shire	234,275	230,579		9
	21	City of Stirling	223,260	221,238			1
	22	City of Wollongong	220,659	218,076		10
	23	City of Penrith	219,173	212,944		11
	24	City of Wanneroo	215,878	208,360			2
	25	City of Lake Macquarie	210,031	205,875		12
	26	City of Fairfield	207,922	211,654		13
	27	City of Brimbank	201,680	209,568				6
	28	Inner West Council	199,759	200,720		14
	29	City of Townsville	197,992	195,022	7
	30	City of Monash	197,980	202,896				7
	31	The Hills Shire	188,557	177,927		15
	32	City of Merri-bek	184,707	185,811				8
	33	Bayside Council	182,369	178,351		16
	34	City of Melton	179,107	164,936				9
	35	City of Boroondara	176,632	183,197				10
	36	City of Whitehorse	175,970	178,779				11
	37	City of Onkaparinga	175,711	172,945					1
	38	City of Campbelltown	175,687	170,912		17
	39	Toowoomba Region	171,135	168,992	8
	40	City of Melbourne	169,860	178,994				12
	41	City of Newcastle	168,880	165,541		18
	42	Shire of Mornington Peninsula	168,865	167,619				13
	43	Cairns Region	168,853	166,849	9
	44	City of Kingston	164,680	165,804				14
	45	City of Greater Dandenong	163,266	168,261				15
	46	City of Knox	162,769	164,553				16
	47	City of Darebin	162,501	164,224				17
	48	Redland City	161,463	158,801	10
	49	City of Joondalup	160,579	159,898			3
	50	Georges River Council	159,266	159,431		19

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Illustrated are the various statistical areas defined by the Australian Bureau of Statistics for Sydney and its surrounds. The extent of the Greater Sydney greater capital city statistical area is designated by thick grey line and black text. The greater capital city statistical areas are the eight unique statistical divisions delineating the broadest possible concept of each state or territory capital city, constructed from one or more whole labour market areas (designated SA4 in the Australian Statistical Geography Standard). The rest of NSW area includes the entire remainder of the state, as each state or territory has only one GCCSA.

The significant urban areas are designated by solid orange lines with stippled fill and red text. Significant urban areas are statistical divisions designed to represent significant towns and cities or associated collections of smaller towns, with total populations of 10,000 people or more. They consist of single, or clusters of, urban centres/localities (see below), and are constructed from one or more SA2 units, which are collations of suburbs and localities designed for consistent statistical output between censuses.

The Urban Centres/Localities are designated by dashed red lines with pink fill. Urban centres/localities are statistical divisions delineating the contiguous built up, or urban areas of cities, towns and most small settlements. They are constructed from the smallest statistical output areas (SA1).

Also represented are 31 outlined coloured areas. These are the 31 local government areas that are commonly understood as comprising Sydney, albeit unofficially.

• Demography of Australia
• List of cities in Australia
• List of cities in Oceania by population
• List of largest cities in the world
• List of places in New South Wales by population
• List of places in Queensland by population
• List of places in South Australia by population
• List of places in Tasmania by population
• List of places in Victoria by population
• List of places in Western Australia by population
• List of towns and cities in Australia by year of settlement