This is a list of cities on the Arabian Peninsula by population, based primarily on national census estimates of the number of residents residing within the limits of a municipality (i.e. city proper); if recent official data is unavailable, reputable non-governmental estimates are used instead. The minimum population for a city to be included is 500,000. The geographic definition of Arabia is used, encompassing the countries of Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen in their entirety, as well as the island nation of Bahrain and the southern regions of Iraq and Jordan.^{[note 1]} C stands for Census, E stands for estimate.