Name
Depiction Reign Regional power base Recorded title or description Source Notes
Kings prior to this period are generally regarded as fictional Legendary Kings of Britain
Cassivellaunus
(Welsh : Caswallawn fab Beli )
54BC
Tasciovanus
20 BC – 9 AD
Cunobeline
(Welsh : Cynfelyn)
9 – 40 lands of the Trinovantes and Catuvellauni King of the Britons Suetonius , Dio Cassius perhaps retrospective
(Roman rule from 43 to 410 AD)
Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus / Togodumnus
40–43 lands of the Regni , Atrebates , and Belgae Great King of the Britons (or perhaps: Great King of Britain)marble inscription at Chichester contemporary, self-description
(post-Roman, from 410 AD)
Vortigern
(Welsh : Gwrtheyrn)
mid-5th century unknown, but traditionally Powys King of the Britons (in c. 449)Bede probably retrospective
Riothamus
c. 469unknown, but active in Gaul King of the Britons (in c. 469)Jordanes may refer only to Britons in Gaul
Ambrosius Aurelianus
(Welsh : Emrys Wledig)
late 5th century probably in the south Leader [of the Britons] Gildas near contemporary
unnamed
c. 545unknown King over them [the Britons] Procopius [4] contemporary but distant
Maelgwn Gwynedd
?– 549? Gwynedd King [who] reigned among the Britons Historia Brittonum retrospective
Selyf ap Cynan
?– c. 613 Powys King of the Britons (in c. 613)Annals of Ulster near contemporary
Ceretic of Elmet
(Welsh : Ceredig ap Gwallon)
c. 614 – 617Elmet King of the Britons (in 614)Bede may refer only to Britons in Elmet
Cadwallon ap Cadfan
?– 634 Gwynedd (Cadwalla,) King of the Britons (in 633) Bede
Idris ap Gwyddno
?– 635 unknown. perhaps Meirionnydd King of the Britons (in 635)Annals of Ulster (sub anno 633)[5] perhaps Idris Gawr
Eugein I of Alt Clut
c. 642Strathclyde King of the Britons (in 642)Annals of Ulster
Rule within the modern territory of Wales only
Cadwaladr
c. 654 – c. 664Gwynedd [King who] reigned among the Britons Historia Brittonum retrospective
Ifor
683–698
Llydaw (Brittanny)
"Sovereignty of the Britons"
Brut y Tywysogion[6]
Rhodri Molwynog
c. 712 – 754Gwynedd King of the Britons (in 754)Annales Cambriae perhaps retrospective
Use of King of Wales title begins (King of the Britons title continues also)
Cynan Dindaethwy
798– 816 Gwynedd (insecurely from 754)King of the Britons (in 816); The King (in 816)
"King of all Wales" (Welsh : "Brenin Cymry oll"[7]
Annals of Ulster ; Annales Cambriae
Merfyn Frych
825– 844 Gwynedd King of the Britons (in 829); Glorious King of the Britons Historia Brittonum ; Bamberg Cryptogramcontemporary
Rhodri the Great (Welsh : Rhodri Fawr)
844– 878 Gwynedd , from 855 also Powys , from 872 also Seisyllwg King of the Britons (in 878)
"began to reign over the Welsh" (843 AD)[8]
Annals of Ulster
Anarawd ap Rhodri
878– 916 Gwynedd King of the Britons (in 916)
"ruled over all Wales" (900 AD)[9]
Annales Cambriae
Idwal Foel ap Anarawd
916– 942 Gwynedd King of the Britons (in 927)William of Malmesbury
Hywel Dda
942– 950 Deheubarth (from 920), from 942 also Gwynedd and Powys King of the Britons (in 950)
"King of all Wales" (Welsh : "Brenin Cymry oll"[10]
Annals of Ulster and Annales Cambriae
Dyfnwal ab Owain
930s– 970s Strathclyde King of the Britons (in 973)Annals of Ulster
Maredudd ab Owain
986– 999 Deheubarth and Gwynedd and Powys King of the Britons (in 999)Brut y Tywysogion
Llywelyn ap Seisyll
1018–1023 Gwynedd and Powys ; from 1022 also Deheubarth King of the Britons (in 1023)
"took the government upon himself...in his time the country of Wales was twelve years without war"
"sovereignty of Wales"[11]
Annals of Ulster
Iago ab Idwal
1023–1039 Gwynedd and Powys King of the Britons (in 1039)Annals of Ulster
Gruffydd ap Llywelyn
1039–1063 Gwynedd and Powys , from 1057 also the rest of Wales King of the Britons (in 1063; in 1058)
Rex Walensium ("King of Wales") [12]
Annals of Ulster ; Brut y Tywysogion
Bleddyn ap Cynfyn
1063–1075 Gwynedd and Powys and Seisyllwg Support[er of] the whole Kingdom of the Britons (in 1075); Chiefest of the Britons Brut y Tywysogion (sub anno 1173; sub anno 1113)
Rhys ap Tewdwr
1079–1093 Deheubarth (insecurely until 1081)[Upholder of the] Kingdom of the Britons (in 1093) Brut y Tywysogion
Use the title of Prince of Wales begins (King of Wales title continues also)
Gruffudd ap Cynan
1136–1137 Gwynedd (insecurely from 1081)King of all the Welsh (in 1137)Brut y Tywysogion
Owain Gwynedd
1137–1170 Gwynedd Prince over the British nation (in 1146); King of Wales , King of the Welsh, Prince of the WelshBrut y Tywysogion ; contemporary charters[13]