Frederick William Cumberland (10 April 1821 – 5 August 1881) was a Canadian engineer, architect and politician. He represented the riding of Algoma in the 1st and 2nd Ontario Parliaments, and he served in the House of Commons of Canada from 1871 to 1872.

This article's factual accuracy is disputed. (August 2012)

Quick Facts Member of the Canadian Parliament for Algoma, Preceded by ...

Frederick William Cumberland
Member of the Canadian Parliament for Algoma
In office 1871–1872
Preceded by	Wemyss Mackenzie Simpson
Succeeded by	John Beverley Robinson
Member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario for Algoma
In office September 3, 1867 – December 23, 1874
Succeeded by	Simon James Dawson
Personal details
Born	(1821-04-10)10 April 1821 London, England
Died	5 August 1881(1881-08-05) (aged 60) Toronto, Ontario
Political party	Conservative
Other political affiliations	Conservative Party of Ontario
Profession	civil engineer, architect

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Cumberland was born in London, England, and grew up in Rathmines, Dublin, where his father was employed at Dublin Castle.^[1] His mother died there. The family returned to London in the mid-1830s, where he studied at King's College School and apprenticed as a civil engineer. Starting in 1843, he was employed with the engineering department of the British Admiralty, working on the construction of dry docks and fortifications.

In 1845, Cumberland married Wilmot Mary Bramley, whose sisters had married prominent men in the city of Toronto, and he came to that city with his wife in 1847. He worked there as a surveyor and as an engineer for the united counties of York and Peel.^{[citation needed]}

In partnership with architect Thomas Ridout, he designed the Cathedral Church of St. James and School, the York County Court House, and a post office. Later, with William George Storm, Cumberland designed other important public buildings in Toronto.^{[citation needed]}

At the University of Toronto, he designed University College, the Provincial Magnetic Observatory (1853–55) and the Director's Residence (1858; demolished in 1901), as well as major additions and reconstruction of the Centre Block (1856–59) of the Osgoode Hall law courts.^[2]

Cumberland designed residences for prominent people living in Toronto. He also designed the Queen Street Wesleyan Chapel (1856), which was demolished c. 1980. He built several public buildings in Hamilton.^[3]

During the 1850s, Cumberland became involved in railway management at the Ontario, Simcoe and Huron Railroad Union Company (later the Northern Railway Company), as well as other railway and related companies of the time. From 1868, Cumberland served as a director of the Rama Timber Transport Company. As was common at the time, he used railway money to gain the support of Members of Parliament and to help elect candidates favourable to their cause. After Cumberland's death, the Northern Railway Company was absorbed by the Grand Trunk Railway. He was also director of a number of banks and a member of the Toronto Board of Education.

Cumberland helped establish a new battalion in the local militia during the 1860s. He was a member of the senate of the University of Toronto. He was also a freemason, becoming deputy grand master for the Toronto district. He died in Toronto in 1881.

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