Formic_acid_(data_page)

Formic acid (data page)

Chemical data page

This page provides supplementary chemical data on formic acid.

Vapor pressure of liquid

P in mm Hg		1	10	40	100	400	760
T in °C		–20.0_(s)	2.1_(s)	24.0	43.8	80.3	100.6

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 44th ed. The "(s)" notation indicates temperature of solid/vapor equilibrium. Otherwise the data is temperature of liquid/vapor equilibrium.

log₁₀ of formic acid vapor pressure. Uses formula:

\scriptstyle \log _{10}P_{mmHg}=6.94459-{\frac {1295.26}{218.0+T}}

obtained from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed.

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[m_and_b-1] [1]
Morrison, Robert Thornton and Boyd, Robert Neilson, Organic Chemistry, 2nd ed. Allyn and Bacon 1972, p. 596

[lange1669-2] [2]
Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1669–1674

[3] [3]
Thornton Schnabel; Marfa Cortada; Jadran Vrabec; Santiago Lago; Hans Hasse. "Molecular Model for Formic Acid adjusted to Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium" (PDF). Institut für Technische Thermodynamik und Thermische Verfahrenstechnik (Institute for Technical Thermodynamic and Thermal Process Engineering), Universität Stuttgart. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 June 2007. Retrieved 3 May 2007.

[cheric-4] [4]
"Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data" (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved 6 May 2007.

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Phase behavior
Triple point	281.40 K (8.25 °C), 2.2 kPa
Critical point^[3]	588 K (315 °C), 5.81 MPa
Std enthalpy change of fusion, Δ_fusH^o	+12.68 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of fusion, Δ_fusS^o	+45.05 J/(mol·K) at 8.25 °C
Std enthalpy change of vaporization, Δ_vapH^o	+23.1 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of vaporization, Δ_vapS^o	+61.8 J/(mol·K)
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_solid	? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_solid	? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, c_p	74.5 J/(mol K) at –22 °C 82.8 J/(mol K) at 0 °C
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_liquid	–425.5 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_liquid	129.0 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, Δ_cH^o	–254.6 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, c_p	101.3 J/(mol K) at 20–100 °C
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_gas	–362.6 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_gas	251.0 J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, c_p	45.68 J/(mol K) at 25 °C

BP Temp. °C	% by mole water
Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Formic acid/Water^[4] P = 760 mmHg
BP Temp. °C	liquid	vapor
102.3	4.05	2.45
104.6	15.5	10.2
105.9	21.8	16.2
107.1	32.1	27.9
107.6	40.9	40.2
107.6	41.1	40.5
107.6	46.4	48.2
107.1	52.2	56.7
106.0	63.2	71.8
104.2	74.0	83.6
102.9	82.9	91.7
101.8	90.0	95.1

UV-Vis
λ_max	? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε	?
IR
Major absorption bands	? cm⁻¹
NMR
Proton NMR
Carbon-13 NMR
Other NMR data
MS
Masses of main fragments

Formic acid
EINECS number	200-579-1
Safety data
EU classification	Corrosive (C)
PEL	5 ppm (9 mg/m³)
IDLH	30 ppm
Autoignition temperature	520 °C
Explosive limits	18–51%

Formic_acid_(data_page)

Formic acid (data page)

Material Safety Data Sheet

Structure and properties

Thermodynamic properties

Vapor pressure of liquid

Distillation data

Spectral data

Safety data

References

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