Cyclic_nucleotide_phosphodiesterase
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase
Class of enzymes
3′,5′-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterases (EC 3.1.4.17) are a family of phosphodiesterases. Generally, these enzymes hydrolyze a nucleoside 3′,5′-cyclic phosphate to a nucleoside 5′-phosphate:
- nucleoside 3′,5′-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleoside 5′-phosphate
They thus control the cellular levels of the cyclic second messengers and the rates of their degradation.[1] Some examples of nucleoside 3′,5′-cyclic phosphate include:
- 3′,5′-cyclic AMP
- 3′,5′-cyclic dAMP
- 3′,5′-cyclic IMP
- 3′,5′-cyclic GMP
- 3′,5′-cyclic CMP
There are 11 distinct phosphodiesterase families (PDE1–PDE11) with a variety in isoforms and splicing having unique three-dimensional structure, kinetic properties, modes of regulation, intracellular localization, cellular expression, and inhibitor sensitivities.[1]