Costa Rica competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London from 27 July to 12 August 2012. This was the nation's fourteenth appearance at the Olympics, having skipped four editions of the Summer Games since the nation's Olympic debut in 1936.

Comité Olímpico de Costa Rica sent a total of 11 athletes to the Games, 8 men and 3 women, to compete in 6 sports. Three of its athletes made their second consecutive Olympic appearance, including marathon runner Gabriela Traña, who was also the nation's flag bearer at the opening ceremony. Costa Rica, however, failed to win any medal for the third consecutive Olympics.

Costa Rican athletes have so far achieved qualifying standards in the following athletics events (up to a maximum of 3 athletes in each event at the 'A' Standard, and 1 at the 'B' Standard):^[2][3]

Key

• Note – Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only
• Q = Qualified for the next round
• q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
• NR = National record
• N/A = Round not applicable for the event
• Bye = Athlete not required to compete in round

Men

Women

Men

Women

Costa Rica qualified one man.

More information Athlete, Event ...

Athlete	Event	Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Repechage	Bronze Medal	Final
		Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Heiner Oviedo	Men's −58 kg	Denisenko (RUS) L 2–5	Did not advance

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Costa Rica qualified the following athletes.