Canadian National class N-4 steam locomotives were of 2-8-0 wheel arrangement in the Whyte notation, or 1′D in UIC classification. These locomotives were built for the Grand Trunk Railway (GT) from 1906 until GT began purchasing class M freight locomotives in 1913. Initially classed D2 by the Grand Trunk, they were built as Richmond compound locomotives with 210 lbf/in² (1.4 MPa) boilers feeding 22+1⁄2 inches (572 mm) and 35 inches (889 mm) by 32 inches (813 mm) cylinders.

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Canadian National class N-4
Canadian National Railways 2616 on display at Head Lake, Haliburton, Ontario
Type and origin References:[1][2] Power type Steam Builder Montreal Locomotive Works American Locomotive Company Build date August 1906 – November 1911 Total produced 232
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 2-8-0  • UIC New: 1′D n2v and 1′D h2v Rebuilt: 1′D h2 Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) Driver dia. 63 in (1,600 mm) Boiler pressure 180 lbf/in2 (1.24 MPa) Cylinders Two Cylinder size Compound HP: 22+1⁄2 in × 32 in (572 mm × 813 mm) Compound LP: 35 in × 32 in (889 mm × 813 mm) Simple: 23 in × 32 in (584 mm × 813 mm) Valve gear Stephenson, Walschaerts, or Young
Performance figures Tractive effort 41,000 lbf (182.4 kN)
Career Operators Grand Trunk Railway Canadian National Railway Class GT: D2 through D7, D9 and D11 CN: N-4-a through N-4-f Retired 1952–1960 Scrapped 1955-1960

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The Grand Trunk started to rebuild and reclassify them; superheated compounds became class D3; those rebuilt with 23-by-32-inch (580 mm × 810 mm) simple expansion cylinders and Stephenson valve gear became classes D4, D5 and D6. The D4 was extinct by the 1923 takeover of the Grand Trunk by Canadian National Railway; CN reclassified the others as N-4-a and N-4-b respectively. Some locomotives received Walschaerts valve gear and were classified D7 (N-4-d and N-4-e) and D9 (N-4-c); two received Young valve gear and were classified D11 (N-4-f). All simpled locomotives had their boiler pressure reduced to 180 lbf/in² (1.241 MPa)

Both GT and CN took some of these rebuilding efforts out of their original numerical sequence. CN numbered class N-4-a locomotives from 2525 through 2660 and numbered the alternative rebuilding classes from 2661 through 2686. The rebuilt simplified locomotives remained in freight service until the final replacement of steam with diesel locomotives.^[1]

Three N-4-a class locomotives have been preserved:

• Number 2534 (ex-GT 640, MLW 40587 of 1906) was initially preserved in Zwick Island Park, Belleville, Ontario, but moved to Memory Junction Railway Museum in Brighton, Ontario in 1997;^[3]
• Number 2601 (ex-GT 746, MLW 43160 of 1907) in the Canadian Railway Historical Association Museum at Delson, Quebec; and
• Number 2616 (ex-GT 767, Alco-Brooks 49664 of 1911) by the Kiwanis in Haliburton, Ontario.^[1]