Brajabuli is an artificial literary language popularized by the Maithili poet Vidyapati.^[1][2] His Brajabuli lyrics about the love for Radha Krishna is considered to his best of works.^[3] Other poets emulated his writing, and the language became established in the 16th century.^[1][2] Among the medieval Bengali poets who wrote in Brajabuli are Narottama Dasa, Balarama Das, Jnanadas, and Gobindadas Kabiraj.^[4]

Rabindranath Tagore also composed his Bhanusimha Thakurer Padavali (1884) in this language (he initially promoted these lyrics as those of a newly discovered poet, Bhanusingha).^[3] Other 19th century figures in the Bengal Renaissance, such as Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, have also written in Brajabuli.^[4] The extant Brajabuli literature consists of about 5,000 poems.^[5]

Brajabuli is basically Maithili (as prevalent during the medieval period), but its forms are modified to look like Bengali.^[1]

• Brajavali dialect – another literary language based on Maithili