Barnes_power_station
Barnes power station
20th-century British power station
Barnes power station supplied electricity to the urban district of Barnes in south west London from 1901 to 1959. It was owned and operated by Barnes District Council until the nationalisation of the British electricity supply industry in 1948. The power station was decommissioned in 1959 and the building has been reused.
| Barnes power station | |
|---|---|
| Country | England |
| Location | Barnes, London |
| Coordinates | 51°28′13″N 00°15′29″W |
| Status | Decommissioned |
| Construction began | 1899 |
| Commission date | 1901 |
| Decommission date | 1959 |
| Owner(s) | Barnes Urban District (1901–1948) British Electricity Authority (1948–1955) Central Electricity Authority (1955–1957) Central Electricity Generating Board (1958–1959) |
| Operator(s) | As owner |
| Thermal power station | |
| Primary fuel | Coal |
| Turbine technology | Steam turbines |
| Cooling source | Tidal river water |
| Power generation | |
| Units operational | 2 × 1.5 MW, 1 × 3.5 MW |
| Make and model | English Electric 1.5 MW and 3.5 MW |
| Nameplate capacity | 6.5 MW |
| Annual net output | 4.354 GWh (1924) |
In 1898 Barnes Urban District Council applied for a Provisional Order under the Electric Lighting Acts to generate and supply electricity to the district. This was granted by the Board of Trade and was confirmed by Parliament through the Electric Lighting Orders Confirmation (No. 4) Act 1898 (61 & 62 Vict. c. xl).[1] The power station was built in Mortlake High Street (51°28'13"N 0°15'29"W) and first supplied electricity in May 1901.[2]
The original plant at power station comprised five reciprocating engines driven by steam from coal-fired boilers:[3]
- 2 × 150 kW
- 2 × 300 kW
- 1 × 600 kW
These gave a total direct current generating capacity of 1,500 kW.
Following the First World War a 1,500 kW turbo-alternator was installed; this generated an alternating current supply.[3]
By 1954 the plant comprised:[4]
- Boilers:
- 2 × Babcock and Wilcox 20,000 lb/h coal-fired boilers operating at 200 psi and 630 °F (2.5 kg/s, 13.8 bar and 332 °C),
- 1 × Stirling 40,000 lb/h coal-fired boiler operating at 210 psi and 680 °F (5.04 kg/s, 14.5 bar and 360 °C)
- Turbo-alternators:[4]
- 2 × English Electric 1.5 MW turbo-alternators, running at 3,000 rpm
- 1 × English Electric 3.5 MW turbo-alternators, running at 3,000 rpm
Cooling water was taken from the River Thames.[4]
Electricity was supplied to customers at 210 and 420 volts DC.[3]
Operational data for the early years of operation was as follows:[5][6][3][7]
| Year | No. of Consumers | No. of Public lamps | Connection on system, kW | Electricity sold, MWh | Load factor, per cent |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1912 | 2,886 | 584 | 2,873 | 1,312.9 | 19.5 |
| 1919 | 3,764 | 602 | 4,454 | 2,633.8 | 28.8 |
| 1920 | 3,900 | 607 | 4,693 | 2,063.3 | 21.0 |
| 1921 | 6,000 | 2,771.6 | 24.4 | ||
| 1922 | 7,314 | 3,354.3 | 24.4 | ||
| 1923 | 7,824 | 3,754.6 | 24.9 | ||
| 1924 | 4,879 | 678 | 8,000 | 4,354.2 | 22.0 |
The data demonstrates the growth in number of consumers, lamps and the amount of current sold.
Operating data 1921–23
The operating data for the period 1921–23 is as follows:[3]
| Electricity Use | Units | Year | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1921 | 1922 | 1923 | ||
| Lighting and domestic use | MWh | 1,175 | 1,320 | 1,574 |
| Public lighting use | MWh | 317 | 324 | 335 |
| Traction | MWh | – | – | – |
| Power use | MWh | 1,279 | 1,710 | 1,845 |
| Total use | MWh | 2,772 | 3,354 | 3,755 |
| Load | ||||
| Maximum load | kW | 1,475 | 1,750 | 2,000 |
| Financial | ||||
| Revenue from sales of current | £ | – | 42,240 | 39,934 |
| Surplus of revenue over expenses | £ | – | 18,314 | 18,297 |
The data demonstrates the yearly growth of demand and use of electricity.
Under the terms of the Electricity (Supply) Act 1926 (16-17 Geo. 5 c. 51)[8] the Central Electricity Board (CEB) was established in 1926.[9] The CEB identified high efficiency ‘selected’ power stations that would supply electricity most effectively. The CEB also constructed the national grid (1927–33) to connect power stations within a region. Barnes power station was electrically connected to Hammersmith power station by three underground 6.6 kV circuits.[10]
Operating data 1937 and 1946
Barnes power station operating data for 1937 and 1946 is given below:[11][12]
| Year | Load factor per cent | Max output load, MW | Electricity supplied, MWh | Total connections on system, kW | Customers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1937 | 35.2 | 5,976 | 16,233.8 purchased from the CEB, none generated | 28,278 | 11,085 |
| 1946 | – | 5,360 | 2,858.4 | – | – |
The British electricity supply industry was nationalised in 1948 under the provisions of the Electricity Act 1947 (10-11 Geo. 6 c. 54).[13] The Barnes electricity undertaking was abolished, ownership of Barnes power station was vested in the British Electricity Authority, and subsequently the Central Electricity Authority and the Central Electricity Generating Board (CEGB).[9] At the same time the electricity distribution and sales responsibilities of the Barnes electricity undertaking were transferred to the London Electricity Board (LEB).
Operating data 1954–58
Operating data for the period 1954–58 is shown in the table:[4]
| Year | Running hours | Maximum output capacity, MW | Electricity supplied, GWh | Thermal efficiency per cent |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1954 | 419 | 6 | 1,395 | 10.00 |
| 1955 | 346 | 6 | 960 | 8.43 |
| 1956 | 471 | 6 | 1,118 | 9.98 |
| 1957 | 113 | 6 | 319 | 5.40 |
| 1958 | 200 | 6 | 700 | 7.86 |
The data demonstrates the low utilization of the plant during its final years. The amount of electricity, in MWh, sent out by Barnes power station throughout its operational life is:
 | Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Barnes power station was decommissioned on 1959.[14] The equipment was removed and the buildings were redeveloped, and are called 'The Old Power Station'.
- "Local Acts of Parliament 1898". Legislation.gov.uk. 1898. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
- London County Council (1905). London Statistics 1904-5 vol. XV. London: LCC.
- Electricity Commission (1925). Electricity Supply – 1920–23 HMSO 1925. London: HMSO. pp. 6–9, 254–259.
- Garrett, Frederick C. (1959). Garcke's Manual of Electricity Supply vol. 56. London: Electrical Press. pp. A-30, A-112.
- London County Council (1915). London Statistics 1913-14 vol. XXIV. London: LCC. pp. 54–51.
- London County Council (1922). London Statistics 1920-21 Vol. XXVII. London: LCC. pp. 287–293.
- London County Council (1926). London Statistics 1924-5 Vol. 30. London: LCC. pp. 300–03.
- "Electricity (Supply) Act 1926". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
- Electricity Council (1987). Electricity supply in the United Kingdom: a Chronology. London: Electricity Council. pp. 45, 60, 69, 73. ISBN 085188105X.
- Pugh, H. V. (1957). "The Generation of Electricity in the London Area". Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers. 105 (3): 484–97.
- London County Council (1939). London Statistics 1936-7 Vol. 41. London: LCC. pp. 382–94.
- Electricity Commission (1947). Generation of electricity in Great Britain year ended 31 December 1946. London: HMSO. p. 6.
- "Electricity Act 1947". Legislation.gov.uk. 1948. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
- Barnes power station is mentioned in Garcke's Manual vol. 56 (1958-9) but does not appear in vol. 57 (1959-60) nor in statistical data published by the CEGB after 1958