Bandera_Negra
Bandera Negra (Black Flag) or Santa Germandat Catalana (Holy Catalan Brotherhood) was the secret, armed sub-organization of the Estat Català political party, founded on May 3, 1925.
This article may be a rough translation from Spanish. It may have been generated, in whole or in part, by a computer or by a translator without dual proficiency. (June 2022) |
Its name referred to the black flag raised by the defenders of Barcelona in the Catalan Campaign (1713-1714) on August 1, 1714, signaling to the Bourbon troops that they would fight to the death and never surrender.[1] On September 12, however, they did surrender, ending the cause of the Archduke of Austria. Regardless, historian Enric Ucelay-Da Cal still calls it "the traditional symbol associated with the will to kill or die".[2]