Afwa Thameur, in Arabic: عفوا ثامر is a plant biologist and agronomist from Tunisia who specialises in drought tolerance in cereal crops. She holds is a Fellow of the Arab Women Leaders in Agriculture initiative.

Thameur studied for a PhD in Biology at Tunis El Manar University, graduating in 2012, aged thirty.^[1] Her post-doctoral research took place at Szeged University in Hungary.^[1] In 2015 Thameur was awarded a Fulbright scholarship to study in the USA.^[1][2] This scholarship enabled her to work at the US Department of Agriculture in Texas and Mississippi.^[3] Her research project was entitled 'Enhancement of Bioactive Compound Production in Chinaberry, Melia azadirach, and Monk's Pepper, Vitex agnus castus'.^[4] From 2016 to 2019 she worked with Walid Sadok of the University of Minnesota on a partnership programme funded by the International Centre for Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA) and CRDF Global to enhance and stabilise wheat production in Tunisia.^[5] In 2019 she joined the first fellowship cohort of the Arab Women Leaders in Agriculture initiative.^[6] As of 2020 she was a research scientist at the Ministry of Agriculture (IRESA) and Assistant Professor at the University of Gabes.^[1]