The 2020 Portuguese Social Democratic Party leadership election was held on 11 and 18 January 2020. As no candidate received a majority of all valid votes on the first round, held on 11 January 2020, a second round took place one week later, 18 January, between the two candidates with the highest number of votes in the first round. This was the first time that a Social Democratic Party leadership election was contested on a second ballot.

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2020 Social Democratic Party leadership election

← 2018 11–18 January 2020 (2020-01-11 – 2020-01-18) 2021 →
Turnout	79.0% 18.7 pp First round 80.2% 1.2 pp Second round
Candidate Rui Rio Luís Montenegro Miguel Pinto Luz Popular vote (1st) 15,546 13,136 3,030 Share (1st) 49.0% 41.4% 9.6% Popular vote (2nd) 17,157 15,086 Eliminated Share (2nd) 53.2% 46.8%
Leader before election Rui Rio Elected Leader Rui Rio

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In the first round of the election, incumbent party leader Rui Rio finished in first place with a relative majority of 49.0% of all valid votes cast, followed by contesters Luís Montenegro, who received 41.4% of the vote, and Miguel Pinto Luz, who won 9.6% of the vote.^[1] As no candidate managed to reach the required percentage of the vote to win outright in the first round, a run-off election took place between the two candidates with the most votes in the first round: Rio and Montenegro. Rui Rio won the second round with 53.2% of the vote and was thus re-elected President of the party and stayed on as Leader of the Opposition.^[2]

• Social Democratic Party (Portugal)
• List of political parties in Portugal
• Elections in Portugal