1995_Castilian-Leonese_regional_election
The 1995 Castilian-Leonese regional election was held on Sunday, 28 May 1995, to elect the 4th Cortes of the autonomous community of Castile and León. All 84 seats in the Cortes were up for election. The election was held simultaneously with regional elections in twelve other autonomous communities and local elections all throughout Spain.
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All 84 seats in the Cortes of Castile and León 43 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Opinion polls | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Registered | 2,119,498  2.4% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 1,556,975 (73.5%)5.9 pp | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Constituency results map for the Cortes of Castile and León | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Electoral system
The Cortes of Castile and León were the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of Castile and León, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Castilian-Leonese Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a regional president.[1] Voting for the Cortes was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered in Castile and León and in full enjoyment of their political rights.
All members of the Cortes of Castile and León were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Ávila, Burgos, León, Palencia, Salamanca, Segovia, Soria, Valladolid and Zamora, with each being allocated an initial minimum of three seats, as well as one additional member per each 45,000 inhabitants or fraction greater than 22,500.[1][2]
As a result of the aforementioned allocation, each Cortes constituency was entitled the following seats:
| Seats | Constituencies |
|---|---|
| 15 | León |
| 14 | Valladolid |
| 11 | Burgos, Salamanca |
| 8 | Zamora |
| 7 | Ávila, Palencia |
| 6 | Segovia |
| 5 | Soria |
The use of the D'Hondt method might result in a higher effective threshold, depending on the district magnitude.[3]
Election date
The term of the Cortes of Castile and León expired four years after the date of their previous election. Elections to the Cortes were fixed for the fourth Sunday of May every four years. The previous election was held on 26 May 1991, setting the election date for the Cortes on Sunday, 28 May 1995.[1][2][4]
The Cortes of Castile and León could not be dissolved before the date of expiry of parliament except in the event of an investiture process failing to elect a regional president within a two-month period from the first ballot. In such a case, the Cortes were to be automatically dissolved and a snap election called, with elected procurators merely serving out what remained of their four-year terms.[1]
The Cortes of Castile and León were officially dissolved on 4 April 1995, after the publication of the dissolution decree in the Official Gazette of Castile and León.[5] The table below shows the composition of the parliamentary groups in the Cortes at the time of dissolution.[6]
| Groups | Parties | Legislators | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | Total | ||||
| People's Parliamentary Group | PP | 45 | 45 | ||
| Socialist Parliamentary Group | PSOE | 34 | 34 | ||
| Democratic and Social Centre's Parliamentary Group | CDS | 3 | 3 | ||
| Mixed Parliamentary Group | IU | 1 | 2 | ||
| INDEP | 1[lower-alpha 1] | ||||
The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.[2][4]
Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:
| Candidacy | Parties and alliances |
Leading candidate | Ideology | Previous result | Gov. | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes (%) | Seats | ||||||||
| PP | List
|
.jpg) |
Juan José Lucas | Conservatism Christian democracy |
43.52% | 43 |  Y |
||
| PSOE | List |
.jpg) |
Jesús Quijano | Social democracy | 36.44% | 35 |  N |
||
| IU | List
|
 |
Antonio Herreros | Socialism Communism |
5.36% | 1 | N |
||
| UPL | List
|
|
Conchi Farto | Regionalism Autonomism |
0.83% | 0 | N |
||
Election debates
| Date | Organisers | Moderator(s) | P Present[lower-alpha 2] S Surrogate[lower-alpha 3] NI Not invited A Absent invitee | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PP | PSOE | IU | Audience | Ref. | |||
| 17 May | Club de Opinión Libertad y Progreso |
Jesús Fonseca | P Lucas |
P Quijano |
P Herreros |
— | [8] [9] |
The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 43 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Cortes of Castile and León.
- Color key:
Exit poll
| Polling firm/Commissioner | Fieldwork date | Sample size | Turnout |  |
 |
 |
 |
UPL | Lead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 regional election | 28 May 1995 | — | 73.5 | 52.2 50 |
29.7 27 |
– | 9.6 5 |
2.6 2 |
22.5 |
| Eco Consulting/RTVE[p 1] | 28 May 1995 | ? | ? | 51.9 49/53 |
28.6 24/27 |
– | 10.5 5/6 |
? 1/2 |
23.3 |
| Vox Pública–ODEC/Antena 3[p 1] | 28 May 1995 | ? | ? | ? 43/47 |
? 23/27 |
– | – | – | ? |
| Demoscopia/El País[p 2][p 3][p 4][p 5] | 10–15 May 1995 | 1,600 | ? | 54.0 54/55 |
27.1 21/22 |
2.1 0 |
10.9 7/9 |
– | 26.9 |
| CIS[p 6][p 7] | 26 Apr–11 May 1995 | 3,001 | 64.8 | 57.6 | 28.2 | 1.3 | 9.2 | – | 29.4 |
| 1994 EP election | 12 Jun 1994 | — | 62.0 | 53.7 (54) |
28.8 (25) |
1.8 (0) |
11.0 (5) |
– | 24.9 |
| Sigma Dos/Ical[p 8] | 15 Dec 1993 | ? | ? | 51.8 47/50 |
32.1 29/32 |
1.5 0 |
10.1 5 |
– | 19.7 |
| 1993 general election | 6 Jun 1993 | — | 78.3 | 47.4 (46) |
36.7 (34) |
4.1 (1) |
7.7 (3) |
0.8 (0) |
10.7 |
| 1991 regional election | 26 May 1991 | — | 67.6 | 43.5 43 |
36.4 35 |
8.1 5 |
5.4 1 |
0.8 0 |
7.1 |
Overall
| Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− | ||
| People's Party (PP) | 805,553 | 52.20 | +8.69 | 50 | +7 | |
| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) | 458,447 | 29.71 | –6.73 | 27 | –8 | |
| United Left of Castile and León (IU) | 147,777 | 9.58 | +4.22 | 5 | +4 | |
| Leonese People's Union (UPL) | 39,425 | 2.55 | +1.72 | 2 | +2 | |
| Commoners' Land–Castilian Nationalist Party (TC–PNC) | 9,494 | 0.62 | +0.48 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Independent Solution (SI) | 9,107 | 0.59 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Independent Group of Ávila (AIAV) | 8,159 | 0.53 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Party of El Bierzo (PB) | 6,646 | 0.43 | +0.11 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Regionalist Unity of Castile and León (URCL)1 | 6,318 | 0.41 | –0.03 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Platform of Independents of Spain (PIE) | 4,630 | 0.30 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| People's Palentine Group (APP) | 4,071 | 0.26 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) | 3,744 | 0.24 | +0.09 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Independents for León (IPL) | 3,290 | 0.21 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Independent Candidacy of Valladolid (CIV) | 2,148 | 0.14 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| The Greens–Green Group (LV–GV) | 1,423 | 0.09 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| The Alternative Greens (LVA) | 1,374 | 0.09 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) | 1,102 | 0.07 | +0.01 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Provincialist Party of El Bierzo (PPB) | 909 | 0.06 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) | 746 | 0.05 | –0.01 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Sorian Progressive Union (US) | 417 | 0.03 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) | n/a | n/a | –8.14 | 0 | –5 | |
| Blank ballots | 28,284 | 1.83 | +0.17 | |||
| Total | 1,543,064 | 84 | ±0 | |||
| Valid votes | 1,543,064 | 99.11 | +0.04 | |||
| Invalid votes | 13,911 | 0.89 | –0.04 | |||
| Votes cast / turnout | 1,556,975 | 73.46 | +5.89 | |||
| Abstentions | 562,523 | 26.54 | –5.89 | |||
| Registered voters | 2,119,498 | |||||
| Sources[10][11][12] | ||||||
Footnotes:
| ||||||
Distribution by constituency
| Constituency | PP | PSOE | IU | UPL | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | S | % | S | % | S | % | S | |
| Ávila | 58.4 | 5 | 23.8 | 2 | 8.2 | − | ||
| Burgos | 52.8 | 7 | 24.9 | 3 | 12.7 | 1 | ||
| León | 45.1 | 7 | 30.4 | 5 | 6.7 | 1 | 12.7 | 2 |
| Palencia | 52.3 | 4 | 31.9 | 3 | 8.4 | − | ||
| Salamanca | 54.3 | 6 | 32.9 | 4 | 8.3 | 1 | ||
| Segovia | 56.7 | 4 | 26.5 | 2 | 10.5 | − | ||
| Soria | 59.2 | 4 | 28.3 | 1 | 8.2 | − | ||
| Valladolid | 51.1 | 8 | 30.7 | 4 | 13.6 | 2 | ||
| Zamora | 55.7 | 5 | 33.9 | 3 | 6.6 | − | ||
| Total | 52.2 | 50 | 29.7 | 27 | 9.6 | 5 | 2.6 | 2 |
| Sources[10][11][12] | ||||||||
- Opinion poll sources
- "El PP se impuso en diez comunidades". Diario de Navarra (in Spanish). 29 May 1995.
- "El PP será la fuerza más votada en 12 comunidades". El País (in Spanish). 20 May 1995.
- "Lucas supera la reválida con nota alta". El País (in Spanish). 20 May 1995.
- "Mañana, previsiones para las municipales". El País (in Spanish). 20 May 1995.
- "El PP gana en doce autonomías y el PSOE sólo en Extremadura, según un sondeo". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 21 May 1995.
- "Preelectoral Comunidad Autónoma de Castilla y León (Estudio nº 2166. Abril-Mayo 1995)". CIS (in Spanish). 11 May 1995.
- "Estudio CIS nº 2166. Ficha técnica" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 11 May 1995.
- "El PP superaría hoy en unas elecciones autonómicas la barrera del 50 por ciento". ABC (in Spanish). 19 December 1993.
- Other
- Ley Orgánica 4/1983, de 25 de febrero, de Estatuto de Autonomía de Castilla-León (Organic Law 4) (in Spanish). 25 February 1983. Retrieved 16 September 2017.
- Ley 3/1987, de 30 de marzo, Electoral de Castilla y León (Law 3) (in Spanish). 30 March 1987. Retrieved 15 September 2017.
- Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
- Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (Organic Law 5) (in Spanish). 19 June 1985. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
- "Decreto 59/1995, de 3 de abril, del Presidente de la Junta de Castilla y León, por el que se convocan elecciones a las Cortes de Castilla y León" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish) (80): 10100–10101. 4 April 1995. ISSN 0212-033X.
- "El Parlamento. Legislaturas anteriores. III Legislatura". Cortes of Castile and León (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 January 2022.
- "GP 5/3. Cambios habidos en la composición de los Grupos Parlamentarios de las Cortes de Castilla y León Baja de Dña. María Dolores Otero Rodríguez de las Heras, Grupo Parlamentario Popular Alta de D. Jesús Abad Ibañez, Grupo Parlamentario Popular Baja de D. Virgilio Buiza Díez Grupo Parlamentario Socialista Alta de D. Virgilio Buiza Díez Grupo Parlamentario Mixto" (PDF). Boletín Oficial de las Cortes de Castilla y León (in Spanish) (19): 386–387. 14 December 1991. ISSN 2253-7414.
- Posada, Arturo (14 May 2019). "Fin a 24 años sin debates". El Norte de Castilla (in Spanish). Valladolid. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
- "La precuela, el debate del 17 de mayo de 1995". Diario de León (in Spanish). 15 May 2019. Retrieved 28 January 2022.
- "Elections to the Cortes of Castile and León". servicios.jcyl.es (in Spanish). Junta of Castile and León. Retrieved 14 January 2018.
- "Cortes of Castile and León election results, 28 May 1995" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Electoral Commission of Castile and León. 12 July 1995. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
- "Elecciones a Cortes de Castilla y León (1983 - 2019)". Historia Electoral.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.