This article presents a list of the historical events and publications of Australian literature during 1970.

A list, ordered by date of birth (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of births in 1970 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of death.

• 8 June – Paul Haines, short story writer (born in New Zealand)(died 2012)^[6]

Unknown date

• Lee Battersby, novelist and short story writer (born in Nottingham, England)^[7]
• Julia Leigh, novelist and script writer^[8]
• Martin Livings, short story writer^[9]
• Caroline Overington, novelist and journalist^[10]

A list, ordered by date of death (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of deaths in 1970 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of birth.

• 20 April — Ronald Campbell, novelist and short story writer (born 1896)^[11]
• 1 May – Nan Chauncy, writer for children (born 1900)^[12]
• 24 May – Frank Dalby Davison, novelist and short story writer (born 1893)^[13]
• 22 July – George Johnston, novelist (born 1912)^[14]
• 30 July – Walter Murdoch, academic and essayist (born 1874)^[15]

• 1970 in Australia
• 1970 in literature
• 1970 in poetry
• List of years in Australian literature
• List of years in literature