Parliamentary elections were held in the Grand Duchy of Finland on 1 and 2 October 1917. The general voter turnout was higher than in previous elections. The Social Democrats lost the absolute majority that they had had in the previous two elections (although they, like the other parties, had increased their number of votes in absolute terms). In other words, the "bourgeois" (non-socialist) parties taken together now had more than half the seats.

Quick Facts All 200 seats in the Parliament of Finland 101 seats needed for a majority, First party ...

1917 Finnish parliamentary election

← 1916 1–2 October 1917 1919 →
All 200 seats in the Parliament of Finland 101 seats needed for a majority
First party Second party   Leader Kullervo Manner Party SDP Finnish–Young Finnish–People's Last election 47.29%, 103 seats 29.99%, 56 seats Seats won 92 61 Seat change 11 5 Popular vote 444,670 299,516 Percentage 44.79% 30.17% Swing 2.50pp 0.18pp   Third party Fourth party   Leader Filip Saalasti Eric von Rettig Party Agrarian RKP Last election 9.00%, 19 seats 11.76%, 21 seats Seats won 26 21 Seat change 7 Popular vote 122,900 108,190 Percentage 12.38% 10.90% Swing 3.38pp 0.86pp

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The elections were the result of the constitutional crisis in Finland caused by the Russian revolution. As Russian Tsar Nicholas, head of state in Finland, had abdicated without a successor, the Finnish Parliament stated that it would become the highest power in internal matters. The Russian Provisional Government did not accept this, but ordered premature parliamentary elections, which was thought illegal by the Socialists.

The Social Democrats demanded the quick implementation of eight-hour work day and the quick freeing of tenant farmers. The bourgeois parties, on average, wanted first to ensure that Finland would become fully independent, and only then to implement such social and economic reforms.^[1][2]