This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1758.

This article needs additional citations for verification. (August 2020)

• April 15 – Samuel Johnson begins publishing a series of essays, The Idler (1758–1760), in the Universal Chronicle.
• April 24 – Robert Dodsley and his brother James sign a contract with Edmund Burke to launch The Annual Register.
• April 27 – The French historian Jean-François Marmontel enters the service of Madame de Pompadour.^[1]
• July/August – The poet and children's writer Anna Laetitia Barbauld and her family move to Warrington in north-west England.^[2]
• October – Voltaire buys an estate at Ferney in eastern France.^[3]
• unknown date – The French mathematician and philosopher Pierre Louis Maupertuis moves to his final home in Basel, Switzerland.

• January 12 – Dmitry Gorchakov, Russian writer, dramatist and poet (died 1824)
• February 3
  • Vasily Kapnist, Ukrainian poet and playwright (died 1823)
  • Valentin Vodnik, Carniolan Slovene poet, writer and priest (died 1819)
• February 10 – Amalia Holst, German writer, intellectual, and feminist (died 1829)
• March 15 – Magdalene Sophie Buchholm, Norwegian poet (died 1826)
• April 30 – Jane West (Prudentia Homespun), English novelist and writer of conduct books (died 1852)
• October 16 – Noah Webster, American lexicographer (died 1843)
• December 9 – Richard Colt Hoare, English antiquary, archeologist and traveler (died 1838)

• January 7 – Allan Ramsay the Elder, Scottish poet (born 1686)
• March 22 – Jonathan Edwards, American theologian and preacher (born 1703)
• October – Theophilus Cibber, English dramatist and actor (born 1703; lost at sea)^[5]
• October 27 bur. – Elizabeth Blackwell, Scottish botanic writer and illustrator (born 1707)
• December 25 – James Hervey, English religious writer and cleric (born 1714)