This article is about the particular significance of the year 1708 to Wales and its people.

• Lord Lieutenant of North Wales (Lord Lieutenant of Anglesey, Caernarvonshire, Denbighshire, Flintshire, Merionethshire, Montgomeryshire) – Hugh Cholmondeley, 1st Earl of Cholmondeley^[1][2]
• Lord Lieutenant of South Wales (Lord Lieutenant of Glamorgan, Brecknockshire, Cardiganshire, Carmarthenshire, Monmouthshire, Pembrokeshire, Radnorshire) – Thomas Herbert, 8th Earl of Pembroke^[1][3]

• Bishop of Bangor – John Evans^[4]
• Bishop of Llandaff – John Tyler^[5]
• Bishop of St Asaph – William Beveridge (until 5 March);^[6] William Fleetwood (from 6 June)^[7]
• Bishop of St Davids – George Bull^[8]

• July - Following the British general election, some changes in representation occur in Wales:
  • Whig Sir Arthur Owen, 3rd Baronet, replaces Tory John Meyrick as MP for Pembroke
  • Whig Thomas Windsor replaces Sir Hopton Williams, 3rd Baronet, of the same party, as MP for Monmouthshire
  • Sir John Aubrey, 3rd Baronet, is re-elected as MP for Cardiff, after his opponent, Sir Edward Stradling, 5th Baronet, falls out with his supporters.^[9][10]
  • John Roberts replaces Sir William Williams, 2nd Baronet, as MP for Denbigh Boroughs
• October – Edmund Meyrick sets up a school at Carmarthen.^[11]
• Edward Lhuyd is elected a fellow of the Royal Society.^[12]
• Charles Talbot, 1st Baron Talbot of Hensol, marries Cecil Mathew of Castell y Mynach in Pentyrch.^[13]

• 8 December - Charles Hanbury Williams, diplomat and satirist (died 1759)^[16]
• date unknown - John Pettingall, antiquary (died 1781)^[17]
• probable
  • Joshua Andrews, Baptist minister (died 1793)^[18]
  • Lewis Hopkin, poet and artisan (died 1771)^[19]

• 5 March – William Beveridge, Bishop of St Asaph, 71^[20]
• 23 March - Thomas Bulkeley, politician, 75^[21]
• 1 December - William Wogan, judge and politician, about 70^[22]

• 1708 in Scotland