1431 Luanda, provisional designation 1937 OB, is a stony Eunomian asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 14 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 29 July 1937, by South African astronomer Cyril Jackson at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg.^[9] The asteroid was named after the city of Luanda.^[2]

Luanda is a member of the Eunomia family (502),^[4] a prominent family of stony S-type asteroid and the largest one in the intermediate main belt with more than 5,000 members.^[10]: 23 It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.1–3.1 AU once every 4 years and 3 months (1,549 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.18 and an inclination of 14° with respect to the ecliptic.^[1] The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Johannesburg in 1937.^[9]

Luanda has been characterized as a L/S-type asteroid by Pan-STARRS photometric survey.^[8] The LCDB assumes it to be a common stony S-type asteroid,^[3] in-line with the family's overall spectral type.^[10]: 23

This minor planet was named after the city of Luanda, capital of Angola.^[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 February 1980 (M.P.C. 5182).^[11]