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For Greek loanwords in Latin and modern languages with Latin alphabets, psi is usually transliterated as "ps".
The letter's origin is uncertain. It may or may not derive from the Phoenician alphabet. It appears in the 7th century BC, expressing /ps/ in the Eastern alphabets, but /kʰ/ in the Western alphabets (the sound expressed by Χ in the Eastern alphabets). In writing, the early letter appears in an angular shape ().
There were early graphical variants that omitted the stem ("chickenfoot-shaped psi" as: or ).
The Western letter (expressing /kʰ/, later /x/) was adopted into the Old Italic alphabets, and its shape is also continued into the Algiz rune of the Elder Futhark.
Psi, or its Arcadian variant or was adopted in the Latin alphabet in the form of "Antisigma" (Ↄ, ↃC, or 𐌟) during the reign of Emperor Claudius as one of the three Claudian letters.[2] However, it was abandoned after his death.
These characters are used only as mathematical symbols. Stylized Greek text should be encoded using the normal Greek letters, with markup and formatting to indicate text style.
IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (1970). "Abbreviations and symbols for nucleic acids, polynucleotides, and their constituents". Biochemistry. 9 (20): 4022–4027. doi:10.1021/bi00822a023.
Although the university itself refers to its logo as a trident, not the Greek letter psi: "The IU trident—the only logo at Indiana University". Indiana University. Retrieved 2020-07-31. At IU, the trident is the only logo we use, both institution-wide and at the unit level.
This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Ψ, and is written by contributors.
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