Zhdanov (Russian: Жданов) or Zhdanova (feminine; Жданова) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

• Andrei Zhdanov (1896–1948), Stalinist politician, developer of the Zhdanov Doctrine that governed Soviet cultural activities for a number of years
• Aleksei Zhdanov, Russian footballer
• Andrei Zhdanov, Russian footballer
• Alexander Zhdanov (1858–?), Russian astronomer
• Alexandr Zhdanov, Russian avant-garde painter
• Dimitri Zhdanov, Russian racing cyclist
• Dmitri Zhdanov, Russian footballer
• Igor Zhdanov (1920-1996), Latvian chess master
• Ihor Zhdanov (born 1967), Ukrainian politician and businessman. 3rd Minister of Youth and Sports of Ukraine
• Ilya Zhdanov, Russian Badminton player
• Ivan Zhdanov (born 1988), Russian politician and lawyer, director of the Anti-Corruption Foundation
• Leonid Zhdanov (1890–?), Russian selectionist
• Leonid Zhdanov (1927–2009), Russian ballet dancer, teacher and photographer, younger brother of Yury Zhdanov
• Lev Zhdanov (1864–?), Russian novelist and playwright
• Oleksandr Zhdanov, Ukrainian footballer
• Roman Zhdanov, Russian paralympic swimmer
• Vasily Zhdanov (born 1963), Soviet cyclist
• Victor M. Zhdanov (1914–1987), Russian virologist, instrumental in the push for global smallpox eradication
• Vladimir Zhdanov (1902–1964), Soviet army officer and Hero of the Soviet Union
• Yevgeny Zhdanov (1839–1892), Russian land surveyor and cartographer
• Yuri Zhdanov (1919–2006), Russian chemist, rector of Rostov State University from 1957 to 1988; son of Andrei Zhdanov and former husband of Svetlana Alliluyeva
• Yury Zhdanov (dancer) (1925–1986), Russian ballet dancer, teacher, artist and choreographer, brother of Leonid Zhdanov

This page lists people with the surname Zhdanov.
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