Vietnamese_Braille

Vietnamese Braille

Vietnamese Braille

Braille alphabet of the Vietnamese language


Vietnamese Braille is the braille alphabet used for the Vietnamese language. It is very close to French Braille (and thus to a lesser degree to English Braille), but with the addition of tone letters. Vietnamese Braille is known in Vietnamese as chữ nổi, literally "raised letters", while electronic braille displays are called màn hình chữ nổi.

Quick Facts Vietnamese Braille, Script type ...

Alphabet

Apart from đ (which is brailled as [1] and the addition of five tone letters, the Vietnamese Braille alphabet is nearly identical to French Braille: the only other difference is the substitution of Vietnamese ư ơ for French ü œ, and the dropping of those letters which are not needed in Vietnamese. However, because of the tone letters, the design is different: Vietnamese Braille has separate letters for vowels and tones, so the French Braille letters for é à è ù are not used; they are written instead as tone ◌́ or ◌̀ plus the vowels a e u.

Vietnamese Braille[2][3]
⠁ (braille pattern dots-1)
a
⠃ (braille pattern dots-12)
b
⠉ (braille pattern dots-14)
c
⠙ (braille pattern dots-145)
d
⠑ (braille pattern dots-15)
e
⠛ (braille pattern dots-1245)
g
⠓ (braille pattern dots-125)
h
⠊ (braille pattern dots-24)
i
  
⠅ (braille pattern dots-13)
k
⠇ (braille pattern dots-123)
l
⠍ (braille pattern dots-134)
m
⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345)
n
⠕ (braille pattern dots-135)
o
⠏ (braille pattern dots-1234)
p
⠟ (braille pattern dots-12345)
q
⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235)
r
⠎ (braille pattern dots-234)
s
⠞ (braille pattern dots-2345)
t
⠨ (braille pattern dots-46)
(caps)
⠥ (braille pattern dots-136)
u
⠧ (braille pattern dots-1236)
v
⠭ (braille pattern dots-1346)
x
⠽ (braille pattern dots-13456)
y
⠵ (braille pattern dots-1356)
z
⠮ (braille pattern dots-2346)
đ
⠼ (braille pattern dots-3456)
(num)
⠡ (braille pattern dots-16)
â
⠣ (braille pattern dots-126)
ê
⠹ (braille pattern dots-1456)
ô
⠳ (braille pattern dots-1256)
ư
⠪ (braille pattern dots-246)
ơ
⠜ (braille pattern dots-345)
ă
⠂ (braille pattern dots-2)
,
⠆ (braille pattern dots-23)
 ;
⠒ (braille pattern dots-25)
 :
⠲ (braille pattern dots-256)
.
⠢ (braille pattern dots-26)
◌̉
⠖ (braille pattern dots-235)
 
⠶ (braille pattern dots-2356)
 
⠦ (braille pattern dots-236)
 
⠔ (braille pattern dots-35)
◌́
⠴ (braille pattern dots-356)
 
⠰ (braille pattern dots-56)
◌̀
⠄ (braille pattern dots-3)
 
⠤ (braille pattern dots-36)
◌̃
⠠ (braille pattern dots-6)
◌̣
⠁ (braille pattern dots-1)
1
⠃ (braille pattern dots-12)
2
⠉ (braille pattern dots-14)
3
⠙ (braille pattern dots-145)
4
⠑ (braille pattern dots-15)
5
⠋ (braille pattern dots-124)
6
⠛ (braille pattern dots-1245)
7
⠓ (braille pattern dots-125)
8
⠊ (braille pattern dots-24)
9
⠚ (braille pattern dots-245)
0
⠀ (braille pattern blank)
(space)
  • One braille letter is used for each Latin letter.
  • Tone letters (transcribing the diacritics ◌̉ ◌́ ◌̀ ◌̃ ◌̣) are written immediately before the vowel.

For example,

Mànhìnhchữnổi.
⠨ (braille pattern dots-46) ⠍ (braille pattern dots-134) ⠰ (braille pattern dots-56) ⠁ (braille pattern dots-1) ⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345) ⠓ (braille pattern dots-125) ⠰ (braille pattern dots-56) ⠊ (braille pattern dots-24) ⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345) ⠓ (braille pattern dots-125) ⠉ (braille pattern dots-14) ⠓ (braille pattern dots-125) ⠤ (braille pattern dots-36) ⠳ (braille pattern dots-1256) ⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345) ⠢ (braille pattern dots-26) ⠹ (braille pattern dots-1456) ⠊ (braille pattern dots-24) ⠲ (braille pattern dots-256)
cap–m–◌̀–a–nh–◌̀–i–n–hc–h–◌̃–ưn–◌̉–ô–i–stop

Punctuation

⠂ (braille pattern dots-2)
,
⠆ (braille pattern dots-23)
 ;
⠒ (braille pattern dots-25)
 :
⠲ (braille pattern dots-256)
.
⠦ (braille pattern dots-236) ...⠴ (braille pattern dots-356)
“...”
⠢ (braille pattern dots-26)
 ?
⠖ (braille pattern dots-235)
 !
⠄ (braille pattern dots-3) ⠄ (braille pattern dots-3) ⠄ (braille pattern dots-3)
...
⠤ (braille pattern dots-36)
-
⠦ (braille pattern dots-236)
*
⠶ (braille pattern dots-2356) ...⠶ (braille pattern dots-2356)
(...)
⠨ (braille pattern dots-46) ⠣ (braille pattern dots-126) ...⠨ (braille pattern dots-46) ⠜ (braille pattern dots-345)
[...]
⠸ (braille pattern dots-456) ⠣ (braille pattern dots-126) ...⠸ (braille pattern dots-456) ⠜ (braille pattern dots-345)
{...}
⠌ (braille pattern dots-34)
/

See also


Notes

  1. In 2009, Vietnamese Braille changed so that đ is produced with dots ; d and z follow French braille. (Braille in Asia published by the Mitsubishi Foundation and distributed by the Japan Braille Library).
  2. "A photo of a braille chart at a Vietnamese school". Archived from the original on 2006-08-11. Retrieved 2006-08-11.

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This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Vietnamese_Braille, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.