The novel has an episodic structure. At the age of 12, Jahan flees his abusive stepfather by boat. He arrives in Istanbul with a young white elephant, a gift for the sultan from India. As part of the rogue captain's plan to steal from the palace, Jahan is led to pose as its mahout (keeper). Jahan looks after the elephant, whom he names Chota ("little"), at the palace menagerie.
Growing up, he befriends Mihrimah, the sultan's daughter. He falls in love with her, but has no prospect of marrying her due to his lower social status. He becomes an apprentice to Sinan, alongside three others: Davud, Nikola and Yusuf. He assists with a variety of projects, including the construction of mosques, bridges, waterworks and an observatory, and the restoration of the Hagia Sophia.
The book spans the reigns of Suleiman I, Selim II and Murad III. Other historical figures featured include Lütfi Pasha, Rüstem Pasha and Takiyüddin, and Jahan visits Michelangelo during a trip to Rome.