Telephone numbers in Israel consist of an area code and a subscriber number. The dial plan type in Israel is closed, and "0" is the internal trunk prefix in Israel. Israel's country calling code is +972.

When dialing an Israeli number from inside of Israel, the format is :
"0 - area/network operator code (A/N) - subscriber number (X)"

When dialing an Israeli number from outside Israel, the format is :
"+972 - area/network operator code (A/N) - subscriber number (X)"

The Israeli telecommunication infrastructure includes the Palestinian telecommunication system.

In 1965, many Israeli phone numbers had 6 digits, but some had 5, according to the Tel Aviv-area phone book.^[1] There were ten area codes at that time: 02 Jerusalem, Bet Shemesh; 03 Tel Aviv, Petah Tikva, Rehovot, Ashdod; 04 Haifa and western Galilee; 051 Ashkelon; 053 Netanya; 057 Beersheva and most of the Negev; 059 Eilat; 065 Afula, Nazareth; 063 Hadera, Zichron Yaakov; and 067 Tiberias, Zefat and eastern Galilee.^[2]

As recently as the 1990s, most telephone numbers in Israel had 6 digits (without area code digit). Currently there are 5 geographic area codes and 2 more non-geographic area codes, and numbers have 7 or 8 digits (without area code digit).

The format for calls to landlines within the same area code is XXX-XXXX (7 digits subscriber number). For calls to a landline outside the local area, the area code is prefixed and the format becomes (0A) XXX-XXXX for calls to landlines, where "0A" is the area code.

The format for calls to cellular mobile phones is 05N-XXX-XXXX, where "05N" is the mobile operator indicator. The format for calls to VoIP lines is 07N-XXX-XXXX, where "07N" is the VoIP operator indicator.

When calling from outside of Israel, the leading "0" in area codes is not dialed, and the format is +972-A-XXX-XXXX for calls to landlines, +972-5N-XXX-XXXX for calls to mobile lines, +972-7N-XXX-XXXX for calls to VoIP lines.

For calling from Israel to another country: choose operator, and dial its international access code, then dial destination country code and then the rest of the local number.

• 00 or + – short code (only registered customers)
• 012 – 012smile service
• 013 – 013 NetVision service
• 014 – Bezeq International service
• 015 – Hallo 015 service
• 016 – Golan Telecom service
• 017 – Hot Mobile service
• 018 – Xfone service
• 019 – 019 Telzar service

Due to mobile number portability, a mobile phone with a prefix of one provider can be associated with a different provider.

Special numbers include emergency and aid services, along with technical support and other provider services:^[8]

100 - Police
101 - Ambulance Service
102 - Fire Fighters
103 - Electric Corporation
104 - Home Front Command (Information about how to act in war and earthquake)
105 - Child Online Protection Bureau [9] 
106 - Municipal Call Center <in most cities>
107 - Municipal Call Center <in some cities>
108 - Municipal Call Center <in some cities>
109 - Municipal Call Center <in some cities>
110 - Police information service
118 - Ministry of Social Affairs emergency service
1201 - Mental health first aid
1221 - Emergency Medical Response
1230 - Emergency Non-Medical Response[10]
1255 XXX - Hospital Information Center <only in times of emergency>
*XXXX - (Star and 4 digits) Speed dial service
1234 - Bezeq-Card service (Bezeq lines only)
1455 - Speaking clock - Time and date in Israel and around the world
142 - Collect Call
144 - Telephone Listings Information
166 - Bezeq technical support
171 - Israel Post Office
199 - Bezeq customer service
164 - Bezeq business customer service
1 599 XXX XXX - Business Toll
1 700 XXX XXX - Business Toll
1 80X XXX XXX - Toll Free
1 90X XXX XXX - Premium

This section does not cite any sources. (October 2020)

Kosher phones and networks are essentially phones with Haredi rabbinical approval that can be used for communication without entertainment functionality or connectivity. This is a line that has a pre-defined prefix and it is blocked to content that Haredi activists feel is not appropriate for their community. Such blocking includes cellular internet access, chat rooms, SMS, etc.^[11] This does not mean that other phones are not kosher according to Jewish law, as evidenced by the fact that a very large number - if not the majority - of observant Orthodox Jews worldwide do not restrict themselves to "kosher" phones; rather the description "kosher" phones is a loose one, implying an added level of stringency accepted by some communities.

The companies who provides "kosher numbers" allocated exclusive ranges for those lines, which are:

+972 (A) 80X-XXXX - Bezeq (When A = 2,3,4,8,9)
+972 50 41X-XXXX  - Pelephone
+972 52 71X-XXXX  - Cellcom, second range
+972 52 76X-XXXX  - Cellcom, first range
+972 53 31X-XXXX  - Hot Mobile, first range
+972 53 41X-XXXX  - Hot Mobile, second range
+972 54 84X-XXXX  - Partner, first range
+972 54 85X-XXXX  - Partner, second range
+972 55 32X-XXXX  - Widely Mobile
+972 55 67X-XXXX  - Rami Levy
+972 55 71X-XXXX  - Cellact
+972 55 98X-XXXX  - 019 Telzar
+972 58 32X-XXXX  - Golan Telecom
+972 72 29X-XXXX  - Partner (012smile)
+972 73 724-XXXX  - Veidan

• Telephone numbers in the Palestinian territories