Robot Chicken is an American adult stop motion-animated sketch comedy television series created by Seth Green and Matthew Senreich for Cartoon Network's nighttime programming block Adult Swim. The writers, most prominently Green, also provide many of the voices. Senreich, Douglas Goldstein, and Tom Root were formerly writers for the popular action figure hobbyist magazine ToyFare. Robot Chicken has won two Annie Awards and six Emmy Awards.^[3][4]

Robot Chicken was conceptually preceded by "Twisted ToyFare Theatre", a humorous photo comic strip appearing in ToyFare: The Toy Magazine.^[5] Matthew Senreich, an editor for ToyFare, got in touch with actor Seth Green when the former learned that the latter had made action figures of castmates from Buffy the Vampire Slayer and asked to photograph them.^[6] Months later, Green asked Senreich to collaborate on an animated short for Late Night with Conan O'Brien, featuring toy versions of himself and O'Brien.^[6] This led to the 12-episode stop-motion series Sweet J Presents on the Sony website Screenblast.com in 2001.^[6] Conan O'Brien is voiced by Family Guy creator Seth MacFarlane in the first episode ("Conan's Big Fun").^[6][7]

Continuing the concept of the web series, the show creators pitched Robot Chicken as a television series, the name being inspired by a dish on the menu at a West Hollywood Chinese restaurant, Kung Pao Bistro, where Green and Senreich had dined. (Other ideas for the series' name included Junk in the Trunk, The Deep End, and Toyz in the Attic; some of these would be reworked into episode titles for the first season.)^[8] Some television networks and sketch shows rejected the series, including Comedy Central, MADtv, Saturday Night Live, and even Cartoon Network. However, someone at that network passed the pitch along to its nighttime programming block, Adult Swim, around the same time that Seth MacFarlane (various voices, 2005–2022) told Green and Senreich to pitch the show to the channel.^{[citation needed]} On February 20, 2005, the series premiered on Adult Swim.

The show was created, written, and produced by Green and Senreich and produced by ShadowMachine Films (Seasons 1–5) and Stoopid Buddy Stoodios in association with Stoop!d Monkey, Williams Street, Sony Pictures Digital (Seasons 1–5) and Sony Pictures Television (Seasons 6–10). The show mocks popular culture, referencing toys, movies, television, games, popular fads, and more obscure references like anime cartoons and older television programs, much in the same vein as comedy sketch shows like Saturday Night Live.^[9] It employs stop-motion animation of toys, action figures, claymation, and various other objects, such as tongue depressors, The Game of Life pegs, and popsicle sticks.^[8] The show's creators were inspired by works such as Monty Python's Flying Circus, Pee-wee's Playhouse and The Kentucky Fried Movie.^{[citation needed]}

One particular motif involves the idea of fantastical characters being placed in a more realistic world or situation (such as Stretch Armstrong requiring a corn syrup transplant after losing his abilities because of aging, Optimus Prime performing a prostate cancer PSA for the humans, and Godzilla having problems in the bedroom).^[9] The program aired a 30-minute episode dedicated to Star Wars that premiered June 17, 2007, in the US, featuring the voices of Star Wars notables George Lucas, Mark Hamill (from a previous episode), Billy Dee Williams, and Ahmed Best.^[10] The Star Wars episode was nominated for a 2008 Emmy Award as Outstanding Animated Program (for Programming Less Than One Hour).

The series was renewed for a 20-episode third season, which ran from August 12, 2007, to October 5, 2008.^[6] After an eight-month hiatus during the third season, the show returned on September 7, 2008, to air the remaining 5 episodes.^[6] The series was renewed for a fourth season, which premiered on December 7, 2008, and ended on December 6, 2009.^[6] In early 2010, the show was renewed for a fifth and sixth season (40 more episodes total).^[11] Season five premiered on December 12, 2010.^[6] The second group of episodes began broadcasting on October 23, 2011. The 100th episode aired on January 15, 2012.^[6] In May 2012, Adult Swim announced they were picking up a sixth season of Robot Chicken, which began airing in September 2012.^[12] The seventh season premiered on April 13, 2014. Season eight premiered on October 25, 2015.^[13] Season nine premiered on December 10, 2017.^[14] Season 10 premiered on September 29, 2019, containing the 200th episode.^[15] Season 11 premiered on September 6, 2021.^[16][17]

Following the 2020 cancellation of The Venture Bros., it became Adult Swim's longest running series, until it was surpassed by Aqua Teen Hunger Force after its renewal in 2023.

The sketch series has an iconic opening sequence involving a mad scientist and a chicken set to theme music by Les Claypool of Primus. On a dark and stormy night, the scientist finds a chicken that has been the victim of roadkill, and takes it back to his laboratory to refashion into a cyborg. Midway through the opening sequence, the titular chicken turns his laser eye towards the camera and the title appears, just as Les Claypool cries (a line from Frankenstein), "It's alive!" The Mad Scientist then straps the re-animated Robot Chicken into a chair, uses calipers to hold his eyes open and forces him to watch a grid of television monitors showing different content (akin to imagery from A Clockwork Orange). The sketches are interspersed with static, resembling the act of channel surfing.^{[citation needed]}

While the sketches lampoon various aspects of pop culture quite randomly, they frequently parody DC Comics superheroes as well as many other franchises. Original characters include the Nerd, the Humping Robot, and the show's creators as themselves (often facing potential cancellation at the end of a season), as well as the Mad Scientist and the Robot Chicken.

While Robot Chicken uses a variety of notable people and fictional characters in its sketches, it also has original characters created exclusively for the show.

• Robot Chicken (vocal effects provided by Seth Green) is the show's titular character (although his name is only simply as the "Chicken" according to a maid in the 100th episode). He is a cyborg chicken with a red laser eye. First seen as a roadkill chicken on Highway 9W while he originally lived on Old Man McLauchlin's farm, the Mad Scientist revives him as a cyborg and experiments on him by forcing him to watch sketches on numerous TV monitors. In the 100th episode, he gets freed by a maid and later kills his creator after he kidnaps his wife. He later revives the Mad Scientist as a cyborg and reverses the roles, forcing him to watch sketches.
• Cluckerella (vocal effects provided by Seth Green) is the Robot Chicken's wife. She wears a dress and has blonde hair and red lipstick. She gets kidnapped by the Mad Scientist during the 100th episode, causing the Robot Chicken to go to the lab and kill him to rescue her. In the season 7 finale, it is revealed that Cluckerella has left him.
• The Mad Scientist (voiced by Les Claypool for the laughter and line in the opening and David Lynch for the speaking voice from season 10 onwards) is a scientist who revived the Robot Chicken. He has wild white hair and a diabolical grin. His real name is revealed to be Fritz Huhnmörder (German for "chicken murderer") in the season 3 episode "Werewolf vs. Unicorn". He was killed by the Robot Chicken after the events of the 100th episode only for him to be revived as a cyborg in the sixth season's opening sequence. The Robot Chicken then gets his revenge by forcing the Mad Scientist to watch the same sketches that he had been previously forced to watch. In the season 10 episode "Fila Ogden in: Maggie's Got a Full Load" with the Saturday Night Live-styled opening, the Mad Scientist's nickname is Rick Sanchez, named after another Adult Swim mad scientist character due to his resemblance to the same character. He actually has five kids, in which they include his crazed son, a teenage daughter who is goth, an eight-year-old daughter, and infant twins: a boy named Damien, and a girl named Rhiannon. Additionally, he also has a wife named Kathrine. It also reveals that the Mad Scientist's birthday is on January 21.
• Mad Scientist's Son (voiced by Zachary Levi) is the Mad Scientist's 32-year-old twisted son, who steals his cyborg-making tools as part of a plot to kidnap all living US presidents for ransom. However, he ends up being defeated by the Robot Chicken and the Mad Scientist, who then forces him to watch the sketches as punishment. According to the script of the season 7 finale, his real name is revealed to be Tony Huhnmörder-Anderson.
• The Nerd (voiced by Seth Green) is a 26-year-old nerdy man (although that's debatable since he still goes to high school and lives with his parents) with square-framed glasses who lisps. He appears in many episodes and often ends up in wild situations in famous media. Although his name was mentioned as "Gary" in the season 1 episode "Joint Point", recent Adult Swim commercials for some later episodes give his name as "Arthur Kensington, Jr.". He dies in the season 9 finale only for him to get revived as a cyborg in the tenth season's opening sequence. Despite his transformation into a cyborg, sometime in between the season 10 finale and the season 11 premiere, he was finally restored to normal.
• Bitch Pudding (voiced by Katee Sackhoff) is a fictitious addition to the Strawberry Shortcake universe. Bitch Pudding is a foul-mouthed, crass and violent 18-year-old woman and a former resident of Pastryville who has a penchant for insulting, tormenting, and sometimes even killing others. In her debut appearance in the season 4 episode "P.S. Yes, in That Way", she seems to be 8 years old for early episodes, but in later episodes to show her as a young adult when she gets a growth spurt. In season 7, she became the first of the series' recurring characters to have their own first single storyline special, titled the "Bitch Pudding Special".
• Unicorn (voiced by George Lowe) is a white homosexual unicorn who is a complete pervert. In his debut appearance in the season 2 episode "Suck It", he appears before the Nerd, who had just daydreamed about unicorns being real. When his magic horn is polished, it gives "magical unicorn mayonnaise".
• Mo-Larr: Eternian Dentist (voiced by Michael Ian Black) is a fictional addition to the cast for the show's Masters of the Universe parodies. Mo-Larr is the resident dentist of Eternia. He is willing to resort to drastic measures in order to perform his dental work on unwilling patients such as Skeletor, even going so far as to ensnare Beast Man in dental floss and stick a dental drill into Grizzlor's eye. His real name is revealed to be Moe Larrstein in the season 5 episode "Terms of Endaredevil".
• Composite Santa Claus (voiced by Christian Slater) is a genocidal monster who is half Santa Claus, half snowman, and is based on Composite Superman. In the season 4 episode "In a DVD Factory", his backstory is revealed: he was created by a diabolical scientist from the combined DNA of Santa and Frosty the Snowman. After he awakens, he shoots the scientist and his two assistants with an automatic rifle, killing the latter two, and goes on a rampage, waging war on all non-Gentile religions. Whenever he is defeated, he refers to the method or substance used as his "only weakness".
• Little Drummer Boy (voiced by Seth Green) is an anime-style drummer whose drums can summon demons when beaten.
• Humping Robot is a mute robot looking for love, who is first seen humping a washing machine in the season 1 episode "Atta Toy". He has also been seen humping church bells, jukeboxes, and slot machines, among other metallic objects. In the season 3 episode "Werewolf vs. Unicorn", he is revealed to be a father of his unknown robotic family, according to the gravestone of him.
• Sunshine Cowboy is a mute cowboy in a summer vacation outfit that is shot every time he appears on screen.
• Pablo Rodríguez is a mute Mexican test pilot who is rebuilt into a cyborg after hitting a cactus while riding a donkey in Mexico, which happened when he made a dynamic leap over a border fence. He is nicknamed "The Six Million Peso Man", a parody of The Six Million Dollar Man.
• MC Broccoli (voiced by Breckin Meyer) is an anthropomorphic broccoli who is a rapper.
• Daniel a.k.a. "Gyro-Robo" (voiced by Seth Green) is a negative-minded teenage nerd who hosts a web series (entitled the "Gyro-Robo News Hour") where he complains about inaccuracies in media – and not even Robot Chicken is immune from his criticism. He masturbates frequently and is often targeted by the local bully, Munson.
• Munson (voiced by Breckin Meyer) is a jerkish teenager who bullies nerds, especially Daniel.
• Gary the Stormtrooper (voiced by Donald Faison) is a fictional addition to the cast for the show's Star Wars parodies. Gary is a clumsy, bit incompetent and well-meaning 29-year-old stormtrooper who usually messes things up due to his clumsiness. Despite that, he is able to make his work right. In the special Robot Chicken: Star Wars Episode II, he is revealed to be a married family man who lives with his wife Beverly (voiced by Rachael Leigh Cook) and his young daughter Jessica (voiced by Adrianne Palicki), who according to his wife, hardly ever sees him due to his work; but is making efforts to be involved more in her life. In the special Robot Chicken: Star Wars Episode III, it is also revealed that his family lives on Alderaan.
• Aliens (voiced by Seth Green, Breckin Meyer, Adam Talbott, Mark Hamill, Patrick Pinney, and Patrick Stewart) are a race of wacky grey aliens who have a tendency to bungle their plans and efforts, usually resulting in them letting out a frustrated scream of "Dammit, dammit, dammit!"
• Bloopers Host (voiced by Jamie Kaler) is the host of the "Bloopers!" sketches, which parodies the early years of America's Funniest Home Videos, substituting home videos for humorous television and film outtakes (although home videos have been shown on two occasions, the latter of which are from his own life). At the end of almost every sketch he appears in, he commits suicide in various ways, including hanging himself, swallowing whiskey and pills, putting a toaster in a bathtub, and suffocating himself with a plastic bag.
• Gummy Bear (voiced by Michelle Trachtenberg) is an anthropomorphic gummy bear who is doomed to scream in pain from stepping on a bear trap. In her debut appearance in the season 3 episode "Tapping a Hero", she doesn't mind the taste of her own leg after she bites it off to free herself only to step on another bear trap again.
• Creature (voiced by Breckin Meyer and Seth Green) is a parody of the character of the same name from Creature from the Black Lagoon. In his debut appearance in the season 4 episode "We Are a Humble Factory", he attempts to make his own cereal after learning about Count Chocula, Franken Berry, and Boo Berry but it fails.

Besides the celebrities and many famous voice actors that have contributed to this show, main and major recurring actors/writers are:

All Robot Chicken episodes from seasons 1-11 are available on Max. The show is streamed censored on the service until Season 5.

The show aired on TBS for a short time in October 2014.

Robot Chicken has partnered with various brands to produce television advertisements, including KFC in 2015,^[19] Burger King in 2017,^[20] and most recently, Kellogg's Pop-Tarts in 2023.^[21]

Revolver Entertainment have released the first four seasons and all three Star Wars specials on DVD in the United Kingdom.^[24] A box set including the first 3 seasons and a box set including all three Star Wars specials have also been released.^[25] Madman Entertainment has released the first 9 seasons of Robot Chicken and specials on DVD in Australia and New Zealand.

Adult Swim released Robot Chicken: The Complete Series for digital purchase on iTunes and Vudu in July 2023.^[26]

The series airs in the United Kingdom and Ireland as part of E4's Adult Swim block, in Canada on Adult Swim (previously Teletoon's Teletoon at Night block from 2006 to 2019) and also in Quebec on Télétoon's Télétoon la nuit block, in Australia on The Comedy Channel's Adult Swim block, in Russia on 2x2's Adult Swim block, in Germany on WarnerTV Comedy's Adult Swim block (previously TNT Serie's Adult Swim block from 2009 to 2017), and in Latin America on the I.Sat Adult Swim block (after the Adult Swim block was canceled from Cartoon Network Latin America in 2008). Many of the show's sketches from Sweet J Presents were redone for Robot Chicken.^[6]