The Qajars (Persian: ایل قاجار, romanized: Ile Ǧâjâr; Azerbaijani: Qacarlar)^{[lower-alpha 1]} are a clan of the Bayat tribe of the Oghuz Turks who lived variously, with other tribes, in the area that is now Armenia, Azerbaijan and northwestern Iran.

Quick Facts Total population, Regions with significant populations ...

Qajar

Total population
over 35,000[1] (1994)
Regions with significant populations
Iran
Languages
South Azerbaijani[2]
Religion
Islam[3]
Related ethnic groups
Oghuz Turks

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With the end of the Safavid era, they had split into several factions.^[4] These included the Ziyādoghlu (Ziādlu), associated with the area of Ganja and Yerevan, as well as the Qoyunlu (Qāvānlu), and Davālu (Devehlu) the latter two associated with the northern areas of contemporary Iran.^[4]

The Qajars were one of the original Turkoman Qizilbash tribes that emerged and spread in Asia Minor around tenth and eleventh centuries.^[5] They later supplied power to the Safavids since this dynasty's earliest days.^[5] Numerous members of the Qajar tribe held prominent ranks in the Safavid state. In 1794, a Qajar chieftain, Agha Mohammed, a member of the Qoyunlu branch of the Qajars, founded the Qajar dynasty which replaced the Zand dynasty in Iran. He launched his campaign from his power base south of the Caspian Sea, capturing its capital Isfahan in 1785.^[6] A year later, Tehran accepted Mohammed's authority.^[6]

According to Olson et al., which was published in 1994 and specifically deals with the ethnography of the Russian Empire and Soviet Union, the Qajars were historically a Turkic tribe that lived in Armenia. They resettled in the region of Azerbaijan during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. They are often considered to be a subgroup of the Azerbaijanis.^[1] Olston et al. adds that in the 1980s the Qajar population exceeded 35,000 people, most of whom lived in Iran.^[1]

A branch, attested only as 'Kadzhar' (i.e. 'Qajar' via Cyrillic transcription), lived in Russian Armenia in the 19th century and likely earlier. In 1873, they numbered 5,000.^{[citation needed]}

• Qajar dynasty
• Qajar family tree