Putian_dialect

Putian dialect

Putian dialect

Pu-Xian Min Chinese dialect

The Putian dialect (Pu-Xian Min: Pó-chéng-uā / 莆田話; IPA: [pʰɔu˩˩ lɛŋ˩˧ ua˩˩]) is a dialect of Pu-Xian Min Chinese spoken in urban area of Putian[further explanation needed], which is a prefecture-level city in the southeast coast of Fujian province.

Quick Facts Native to, Region ...
Quick Facts Traditional Chinese, Simplified Chinese ...

Phonology

The Putian dialect has 15 initials, 40 rimes and 7 tones.

Initials

More information Bilabial, Alveolar ...

Rimes

More information Open syllable, Nasal Coda /-ŋ/ ...

Tones

More information No., Tones ...

Assimilation

More information Coda of the Former Syllable, Initial of the Latter Syllable ...

Tone sandhi

Putian dialect has extremely extensive tone sandhi rules: in an utterance, only the last syllable pronounced is not affected by the rules.

The two-syllable tonal sandhi rules are shown in the table below (the rows give the first syllable's original citation tone, while the columns give the citation tone of the second syllable):

Tone sandhi of first syllable
dark level
533		 light level
13		 rising
453		 dark departing
42		 light departing
11		 dark entering
ʔ21		 light entering
ʔ4
dark level
533		 11 13 11
light level
13		 11 55 42 11
rising
453		 13 11 13 11
dark departing
42		 55 42 55 42 55
light departing
11		 11 55 42 55
dark entering
ʔ21		 ʔ4
light entering
ʔ4		 ʔ21

Notes

  1. Min is believed to have split from Old Chinese, rather than Middle Chinese like other varieties of Chinese.[1][2][3]

References

  1. [1]
    Mei, Tsu-lin (1970), "Tones and prosody in Middle Chinese and the origin of the rising tone", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 30: 86–110, doi:10.2307/2718766, JSTOR 2718766
  2. [2]
    Pulleyblank, Edwin G. (1984), Middle Chinese: A study in Historical Phonology, Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, p. 3, ISBN 978-0-7748-0192-8
  3. [3]
    Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2023-07-10). "Glottolog 4.8 - Min". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7398962. Archived from the original on 2023-10-13. Retrieved 2023-10-13.
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