The Political Consultative Conference (PCC) was a conference held on 10–31 January 1946 in the Republic of China between the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to create a coalition government. The PCC was convened as part of the Double Tenth Agreement between the KMT and the CCP. The conference ultimately ended in failure.

On 10 October 1945, the KMT and the CCP signed the Double Tenth Agreement in Chongqing.^[1] One of the conditions agreed was the creation of a political consultative conference, participated by political party and non-party representatives.^[2] Afterwards, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin advised both parties to hold a consultative conference to manage their differences.^[3]

Due to pressure from the United States, CCP and other actors, Chiang Kai-shek eventually relented and agreed to hold a political consultative conference. The PCC was tasked with creating a new constitution and a democratic government.^[4]

The PCC was held in Chongqing during 10–31 January 1946, which received both local and nationwide attention. The CCP organized many support meetings for these conference across the country, which were routinely disrupted by the secret police of the Nationalist government attempting to encourage anti-CCP sentiments.^[1] The Conference, lasted until 31 January, adopted 12 resolutions including reforming government, amending draft constitution, and convening National Constituent Assembly. A committee on organizing draft constitution was also formed.^[5]

On 10 February 1946, riots broke out in Jiaochangkou at the center of Chongqing. The incident led to the collapse of the relations between CCP and KMT, and the continuation of the Chinese Civil War.^[7]