Persian alphabet

The Persian alphabet (Persian: الفبای فارسی, romanized: Alefbā-ye Fārsi) is a writing system used for the Persian language spoken in Iran (Western Persian) and Afghanistan (Dari Persian) since the 7th century after the Muslim conquest of Persia.

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Persian alphabet الفبای فارسی‎ Alefbā-ye Fārsi
"Fārsi" written in the Persian alphabet in Nastaliq style
Script type	Abjad
Direction	right-to-left script
Languages	Persian
Related scripts
Parent systems	Egyptian hieroglyphs Proto-Sinaitic Phoenician Aramaic Nabataean Arabic Persian alphabet
This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.

This article contains Persian text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols.

The Persian language spoken in Tajikistan (Tajiki Persian) is written in the Tajik alphabet, a modified version of the Cyrillic alphabet since the Soviet era.

The Persian script is directly derived and developed from the Arabic script. After the Muslim conquest of Persia and the fall of the Sasanian Empire in the 7th century, Arabic became the language of government and especially religion in Persia for two centuries. The replacement of the Pahlavi scripts with the Persian alphabet to write the Persian language was done by the Saffarid dynasty and Samanid dynasty in 9th-century Greater Khorasan.[1][2][3]

The script is mostly but not exclusively right-to-left; mathematical expressions, numeric dates and numbers bearing units are embedded from left to right. The script is cursive, meaning most letters in a word connect to each other; when they are typed, contemporary word processors automatically join adjacent letter forms. Extended versions of Perso-Arabic script are used to write many Indo-Iranian languages, including Kurdish, Balochi, Pashto, Urdu, Punjabi, Saraiki, Sindhi and Kashmiri.