Muhammad_ibn_al-Qa'im
Muhammad ibn al-Qa'im
11th-century Abbasid prince and Heir-apparent
Muhammad ibn al-Qa'im (Arabic: محمد ابن القائم) also known as Muhammad Dhakirat was an Abbasid prince, son of Abbasid caliph Al-Qa'im. He was designated as heir apparent by his father in the mid-eleventh century CE but died before his father.
| Muhammad ibn al-Qa'im محمد ابن القائم | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heir apparent of the Abbasid Caliphate | |||||||||
| Tenure | 1039–40 – 1056 | ||||||||
| Born | 1039–40[1] Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||
| Died | 1056[1][2] Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||
| Burial | Baghdad | ||||||||
| Spouse | Urjuwuan | ||||||||
| Issue | Al-Muqtadi | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Dynasty | Abbasid | ||||||||
| Father | Al-Qa'im | ||||||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||||||
Muhammad was the son of Abbasid caliph Al-Qa'im who reigned from 1031 to 1075 and the grandson of caliph al-Qadir. His full name was Muhammad ibn Abu Ja'far al-Qa'im ibn Ahmad al-Qadir. He was known in Baghdad as Muhammad Dhakirat.
In 1030, his grandfather, al-Qadir named his son Abu Ja'far al-Qa'im, as his heir, a decision taken completely independently of the Buyīd emirs.[3][4] During the first half of al-Qa'im's long reign, hardly a day passed in the capital without turmoil. Frequently the city was left without a ruler; the Buyīd emir was often forced to flee the capital. While the Seljuk influence grew, Dawud Chaghri Beg married his daughter, Khadija Arslan Khatun,[5] to al-Qa'im in 1056.[6]
His father, al-Qa'im nominated him heir apparent in mid eleventh century however he died during his father's reign and his father then nominated his son, Abdallāh (future Al-Muqtadi) as next Heir-apparent. In 1075 al-Muqtadi succeeded his grandfather, when al-Qa'im died at the age of 73–74. Al-Muqtadi was born to Muhammad Dhakirat, the son of caliph al-Qa'im, and an Armenian slave girl[7] called Urjuwuan.
- Massignon, L.; Mason, H. (2019). The Passion of Al-Hallaj, Mystic and Martyr of Islam, Volume 2: The Survival of Al-Hallaj. Bollingen Series. Princeton University Press. p. 142. ISBN 978-0-691-65721-9.
- Richards, D.S. (2014). The Annals of the Saljuq Turks: Selections from al-Kamil fi'l-Ta'rikh of Ibn al-Athir. Routledge Studies in the History of Iran and Turkey. Taylor & Francis. p. 187. ISBN 978-1-317-83255-3.
- Sourdel 1978, p. 379.
- Busse 2004, p. 72.
- Bosworth, C. E. (1968). "The Political and Dynastic History of the Iranian World". In Boyle, J. A. (ed.). The Cambridge History of Iran. Vol. 5. Cambridge University Press. p. 48.
- Bosworth, C. E. (1970). "Dailamīs in Central Iran: The Kākūyids of Jibāl and Yazd". Iran. 8 (1): 73–95 [p. 86]. doi:10.2307/4299634. JSTOR 4299634.
- Bennison, Amira K. (2009) The Great Caliphs: The Golden Age of the 'Abbasid Empire. Princeton: Yale University Press, p. 47. ISBN 0300167989
- Busse, Heribert (2004) [1969]. Chalif und Grosskönig - Die Buyiden im Irak (945-1055) [Caliph and Great King - The Buyids in Iraq (945-1055)] (in German). Würzburg: Ergon Verlag. ISBN 3-89913-005-7.
- Sourdel, D. (1978). "al-Ḳādir Bi'llāh". In van Donzel, E.; Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch. & Bosworth, C. E. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume IV: Iran–Kha. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 378–379. OCLC 758278456.
- Bosworth, C. E. (1968). "The Political and Dynastic History of the Iranian World (A.D. 1000–1217)". In Boyle, John Andrew (ed.). The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–202. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
- This text is adapted from William Muir's public domain, The Caliphate: Its Rise, Decline, and Fall.