Monotheist is the sixth and final studio album by the Swiss extreme metal band Celtic Frost. The album was released in May 2006 and was the first new recording released by the band in 16 years. Upon its release, the album was met with universal acclaim by music critics.

Quick Facts Monotheist, Studio album by Celtic Frost ...

Monotheist
Studio album by Celtic Frost
Released	29 May 2006
Recorded	2002–2005
Studio	Various Horus Sound Studio, Hanover, Germany Oakland Recording, Winterthur, Switzerland Celtic Frost Bunker, Zurich, Switzerland Apollyon Sun Bunker, Zurich, Switzerland Department of Noize, Kilchberg, Switzerland FSK-18, Winterthur, Switzerland Transmutation, Thalwil, Switzerland
Genre	Experimental metal black metal death metal[1][2] doom metal gothic metal[3]
Length	68:16
Label	Century Media
Producer	Celtic Frost Peter Tägtgren
Celtic Frost chronology
Parched with Thirst Am I and Dying (1992) Monotheist (2006)

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More information Review scores, Source ...

Professional ratings

Review scores
Source	Rating
AllMusic	[4]
Blabbermouth	8/10[1]
Sputnikmusic	[5]
Metal Storm	90%[6]
Metal Underground	[7]
Scene Point Blank	9/10[8]
Metal Crypt	[9]
The Art of Blasphemy	98%[10]
Sea of Tranquillity	[11]
Storm Bringer (GER)	[12]
Metal Temple	8/10[13]
Metalfan (NL)	80%[14]
Metal1 (GER)	10/10[15]
Power Metal (GER)	8.6/10[16]
El Portal del Metal	[17]
Chronicles of Chaos	8/10[18]
Ox Fazine (GER)	10/10[19]
Metal.de (GER)	9/10[20]
Media Assault	[21]
Metal Music Archives	[22]
Truemetal (IT)	93%[23]
Metal Reviews	66%[24]
Aux Portes du Metal	64%[25]
Metalitalia (IT)	6.5/10[26]

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Preparation and development work for the project had been ongoing since 2000. The first recording sessions for the album started in late October 2002. The band consisted of founding members Martin Eric Ain (bass/vocals) and Tom Gabriel Fischer (voice/guitars/keyboards), along with guitarist/producer Erol Unala, Fischer's long-time songwriting partner. Unala became an increasingly significant part of Celtic Frost during the songwriting.^[27] Working titles for the album included Probe and Dark Matter Manifest.^[28][29]

"Obscured" comes from the demo track "November" from the 2002 demo album "Prototype".

"Drown in Ashes" uses lyrics from the demo track "The Dying I".

Celtic Frost's earlier work melded elements of thrash metal and black metal. The sound of Monotheist has been described as difficult to reduce to specifics, as the songs vary from doom metal to "blackened thrash" to gothic metal to symphonic metal.^[4] The result is a wide-ranging but very dark heavy metal experience.^[30][31] Don Kaye of Blabbermouth called it "a monstrously heavy and oppressive slab of metal" which goes "into even heavier, blacker territory" than previous albums.^[1] Adrien Begrand of PopMatters said that the album was nearly a masterpiece of "brutally heavy" metal, "completely devoid of light".^[30] Eduardo Rivadavia of AllMusic noted more subtle touches such as the "instantaneously infectious melody" of "A Dying God Coming into Human Flesh", and the "haunting female voices" heard in duet with bandleader Tom Warrior on "Drown in Ashes".^[4]

According to Fischer,^[32] some of the lyrics were influenced by the writings of the English occultist Aleister Crowley.^[32] This influence manifests itself in tracks such as "Os Abysmi Vel Daath", which is the partial name of one of Crowley's books.^[30][31][33]

Monotheist was released on CD and LP. A limited edition digipak featured the bonus track "Temple of Depression". Both the vinyl LP version and the Japanese CD release of Monotheist feature the bonus track "Incantation Against You".

A video was made for the song "A Dying God Coming into Human Flesh".

The album was ranked number 2 on Terrorizer's list of the best albums of the decade.^[34]

• Thomas Gabriel Fischer – vocals, guitars, arrangements, programming
• Martin Eric Ain – bass, vocals (most vocals on "A Dying God Coming into Human Flesh", all vocals on "Triptych I: Totengott", and spoken parts on "Triptych II: Synagoga Satanae"), and executive producer of album
• Erol Unala – guitars, engineer, additional programming on "Temple of Depression"
• Franco Sesa – drums