In linear algebra, two n-by-n matrices A and B are called consimilar if

${\displaystyle A=SB{\bar {S}}^{-1}\,}$

for some invertible ${\displaystyle n\times n}$ matrix ${\displaystyle S}$, where ${\displaystyle {\bar {S}}}$ denotes the elementwise complex conjugation. So for real matrices similar by some real matrix ${\displaystyle S}$, consimilarity is the same as matrix similarity.

Like ordinary similarity, consimilarity is an equivalence relation on the set of ${\displaystyle n\times n}$ matrices, and it is reasonable to ask what properties it preserves.

The theory of ordinary similarity arises as a result of studying linear transformations referred to different bases. Consimilarity arises as a result of studying antilinear transformations referred to different bases.

A matrix is consimilar to itself, its complex conjugate, its transpose and its adjoint matrix. Every matrix is consimilar to a real matrix and to a Hermitian matrix. There is a standard form for the consimilarity class, analogous to the Jordan normal form.

• Hong, YooPyo; Horn, Roger A. (April 1988). "A canonical form for matrices under consimilarity". Linear Algebra and its Applications. 102: 143–168. doi:10.1016/0024-3795(88)90324-2. Zbl 0657.15008.
• Horn, Roger A.; Johnson, Charles R. (1985). Matrix analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-38632-2. Zbl 0576.15001. (sections 4.5 and 4.6 discuss consimilarity)

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