Marusan (マルサン) is a Japanese model and toy company. It is known as the first Japanese plastic model manufacturer and also famous for selling PVC kaiju (monster) character toys during the 1960s. Its headquarters were located in Taitō, Tokyo.

This article contains translated text and needs attention from someone fluent in Japanese and English. (August 2022)

Marusan was founded in 1947 by three relatives, Haruyasu Ishida, his brother Minoru Ishida and brother-in-law Yasuo Arai. Its business was mainly selling tin toys and optical toys. In 1950, the company was formally incorporated as "Marusan Shoten Ltd." (株式会社マルサン商店, Kabusikigaisha Marusan Shōten). Its logo was "SAN" in a circle since "maru" means circle, in Japanese.

Initially, their business was a wholesale, but they eventually began to design and produce their own toys such as celluloid dolls and tin toys. In 1953, they released the elaborate tin toy "1951 Cadillac ". It was a huge success also in the US market. In 1954 they launched the tin toy SSN submarine series and a vinyl "Mammy doll". Submarine toy could run underwater over 10m by friction motor.

In 1958, Marusan released their first plastic model kit, based on the submarine USS Nautilus. This model was recognized as the first Japanese domestic plastic model kit, though it was actually a copy of Revell's product. The following year, they started to sponsor Japanese TV program Land and Sea and Sky (陸と海と空, Riku to Umi to Sora) focused on promoting plastic model kits into the Japanese market. They called their plastic model kits "Plamodel" (プラモデル, puramoderu) and registered it as a trademark in 1959. Marusan also tied up with Revell in 1960 and sold many Revell plastic models in Japan.

In 1966, they introduced "Ultra-kaiju" PVC figures. These tough toys won children's hearts and were very successful in business. In 1967 Marusan changed their name to "Maruzan Co., Ltd."(K.K.マルザン). New logo was "san", not "zan", in a red circle. Although the reason for change of the name was for wishing development of the company, Maruzan was unexpectedly bankrupted in 1968.

After the bankruptcy of Marusan three companies were established: In 1969 Minoru Ishida rebuilt Marusan as "Marusan Co., Ltd". New logo was again "SAN" with white band in a red circle. At the same time, Koutaro Ishida, a nephew of Minoru Ishida, built a new company named "Bullmark" along with two other ex-employees of Marusan, Saburo Ishizuki and Yutaka Shibata. Bullmark produced PVC monster character toys and monster-related plastic models. And some ex-employees of Marusan built a new company named "Fuji Hobby". It took over the military plastic model kit production.

Newborn Marusan was also active in PVC toys. They created their own original monster series in 1970 and released Ultraman Ace series mini toys in 1972. Also in plastic model kits, they released small models such as 1:100 scale Japanese fighter series in the early 1970s. In the mid 1970s, Marusan eventually moved primarily into the OEM business of producing toys and parts for others and stopped producing original brand toys and models. In 1981, they developed small elaborate gearboxes suitable for pullback motor, which were used for many companies' products.

Under the nostalgia boom, Marusan reproduced their original PVC monster series in 1997. Since then Marusan is continuing production of the old style toys under their own brand.

• Bullmark

• A Brief History of Marusan - the First Japanese Plastic Model Kit Manufacturer
• Eiji Kaminaga, マルサン物語　玩具黄金時代伝説, Asahi Shinbun Publications Inc., 2009, ISBN 978-402-250550-7
• Kuraji Takashi, マルサン―ブルマァクの仕事, Bunshun Bunko, 2001, ISBN 978-416-765607-2
• Nihon Puramoderu Kōgyō Kyōdō Kumiai, 日本プラモデル50年史 1958-2008 = The Chronicle of Japanese Plastic Models, Bungei Shunju Kikaku Shuppanbu, 2008, ISBN 978-416008063-8
• John W. Burns, The Collectors Value Guide for Scale Model Plastic Kits, Sevens Edition, 1999

• Official site